PROBLEM OF POLLUTION AND ITS CONTROL

PRESENTED BY:ANKIT GUPTA MBA 1ST SEM. ITM - SOM

INTRODUCTION
The word Pollution has been derived from the Latin word pollutionem which means to defile or make dirty .Pollution can be defined as an undesirable change in the physical , chemical or biological characteristics of air ,water and soil that may harmfully affect the life or create a potential health hazard of any living organism.

POLLUTANTS
The substances that pollute air, water or soil are called pollutants. In other words pollutants are those which cause pollution e.g. dust particles in the air, carbon dioxide, sulpher dioxide are pollutants.

TYPES OF POLLUTION
MAIN POLLUTION :

AIR POLLUTION WATER POLLUTION SOIL POLLUTION SOUND POLLUTION

Air Pollution:
Air is formed by nitrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide mixing together in a certain fixed proportion. If this proportion increases or decreases it causes air pollution.

NATURAL SOURCES
*Dusty winds cause dust particles to mix into the air thereby polluting it. * Eruption of a volcano brings out smoke which contains ash and hot gases. These pollute the air. * Micro organisms decompose the bodies of dead plants and animals in this process ammonia gas is discharged which causes air pollution * Pollen grains let out by plants fly in the air and cause air pollutions.

Man made Sources:

Houses, factories, and mills, automobiles, industries, nuclear plants use of chloro-floro carbon in mining, smoking, deforestation are the damaged caused by man. All these are the causes of air pollution .Hence they are called man made sources.

CONTROLLING AIR POLLUTION:

Avoiding the use of cheap fuel. Factories and industrial units should be built far from residential areas .Air pollution can be minimized by raising the height of the chimneys of factories. Person assigned to use chemical /synthetic paints and sprays should wear masks. Avoiding smoking. Fixing of filter/after burner on gas releasing pipes of vehicles.

WATER POLLUTION
Change in the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of water which adversely affect human and other living beings is called water pollution.

Control
1. The harmful substances found in industrial waste should be chemically neutralized before they merged into sources of water. 2. Waste materials like paper, plastic, rotten fruits, vegetables and food should not be thrown away in the open. 3. Solid wastes that contain biotic substances should not be thrown into water reservoirs. 4. If oil happens to pollute water sources, the oilish layer should be removed. 5. People should strictly be made to adhere to the regulations and laws made by the government for the purpose of controlling water pollution.

SOIL POLLUTION
Increasing population has affected natural resources. Residential houses, buildings for industrial use are being built on large scale .Chemical fertilizers and pesticides are being sprayed on agricultural farms for obtaining minerals and mining activities are going on at a rapid pace. Our earth is being made unclean by littering on it chemical and all kinds of other waste materials. All these poisons substances get dissolved in the soil and then pollute water .The use of pesticides bactericides, germicides and chemical fertilizer in farming activity results in soil pollution.

LAND PRESERVATION
1. Harmful substances of industries cause soil erosion. It is therefore necessary that industrialization is done on appropriate places. 2. Canals built for irrigational purposes help in preventing soil erosion. 3. The help of cyclic alternate farming or cyclic of crops must be taken to preserve the basic structure of land . 4. The least possible use of pesticides should be made . 5. Prevention of the loss of soil due to the flow of water by building dikes and barrages. 6. More and more trees should be planted to prevent soil erosion. 7. Urbanization of cultivable land should be prevented. 8. Dependence on natural manure should be increased.

SOUND POLLUTION
The modern way of living has given birth to a new pollution. It called sound pollution or noise pollution. In the crowded cities the noise of motor vehicles and industrial units an the created by loudspeakers for propaganda and advertisement is on the increase. This noise disturbs the peace of our life . The ear friendly melodious music of the past has now turned in to noise.The disturbance of noise created in the environment through different undesirable means is sound pollution.

CONTROL
1.Playing the loud speaker, radio, television, stereo etc. in a low volume. 2.Establishing industries far from the cities. 3.Proper maintenance of industrial machines. 4. Using silencers in vehicle.

CONCLUSION

SAVE EARTH

THANKS