Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation..

HOSPITAL TUNKU AMPUAN RAHIMAH ,KLANG

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation..
Definition: an emergency procedure for life support

combining breaths and chest compressions leading to the first instances of survival. Cardiac arrest: is a situation when the heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops beating. This is often due to abnormal electrical rhythms in the heart, which maybe precipitated by heart disease. Causes: severe respiratory failure and shock and primarily due to heart disease.(referred as asphyxia arrest)During cardiac arrest the heart unable to pump oxygen-carrying blood around the body vital organs. Within minutes of cessation of the circulation, cells in the vital organs, especially heart and brain. Begin to die from the lack of oxygen and nutrients.

Emergency Action Principle

DR ABCD Danger Responsiveness Airway Breathing Circulation

Defibrillation Danger Wear PPE. Make sure the victim and any bystanders are safe. Responsiveness shake or tap the victim on the shoulders and ask loudly Heloo. are you ok? If he responds, try to find out what is wrong with him; and get help if needed. If not shout for HELP and get someone for to call ambulance (999). Meanwhile, turn the victim onto his back (supine)and initiate CPR. do not shift the victim unnecessary.

 Airway Open the airway using the head tilt, chin lift technique,

leaving the victims mouth slightly open. This lifts the tongue off the back of the throat, opening up the airway. Jaw thrust if cervical spine injury is suspected (by manually immobilize the spine) Breathing The healthcare providers should assess for the absence of breathing almost simultaneously while opening the airway. If the victim is not breathing or abnormal breathing, start chest compression immediately. At the point, ensure the someone has already called 999.

 Circulation Provide 30 compression followed with 2 rescue breaths. Place

the heel of one hand at the centre of chest. Then place the heel of the other hand on top of first hand. Interlock the fingers of both hands. The rescue should push hard, push fast , and allow the chest to recoil completely (return to normal position) after each compression, using approximately equal compression and relaxation times. Each compression must be at least 5cm (2 inches) deep, and the rate of compression should be at least 100 times per minute. After 30 chest compression, healthcare providers should provide rescue breaths. The 30 compression to breath cycle should cont until other help arrives. The victim begins to wake up, breathe normally or when the rescue becomes exhausted. if pulse is present but no respiration; rescue wt respiration for 2 mins 10 to 12 per/min

 Defibrillator/ AED
Healthcare providers often work team of more than

one rescue. In these situations, one rescue should provide chest compression whilst retrieves the defibrillator. Follow AED prompt Manual defibrillator-shock if VF/VT recognized shockable : give 1 shock, resume CPR immediately for 2min. If non shockable: resume CPR immediately for 2 min and recheck rhythm 2 min.

SUMMARY..

ADULT CHOKING TREATMENT

ASSESS SEVERITY SEVERE MILD AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION (INEFFECTIVE COUGH) (EFFECTIVE COUGH) UNCONSCIOUS CONSCIOUS ENCOURAGE COUGH Start CPR - 5 BACK BLOWS (Cont to check for deterioration to ineffective 5 ABDOMINAL cough or until obstruction relieved) THRUSTS

 Give up five back blows

Stand one side and slightly behind the victim. Support the chest with one hand and lean the victim well

forward so that when the obstructing object is dislodged it comes out of the mouth rather than goes further down the airway Give up to 5 sharp blows between the shoulders blades with the heel of your other hand Check to see if each back blow has relieved the airway obstruction. The aim is to relieve the obstruction with each blow rather than necessarily to give all five. If five blows fail to relieve airway obstruction give up to five abdominal thrusts.

 Stand behind the victim and put both arms round the

upper part of the victim abdomen. Lean the victim forwards. Clench your fist and place it on the thumb side between the umbilicus and the bottom end of the sternum(breastbone) Grasp your fist firmly with your other hand and pull sharply inwards and outwards. Repeat up to five times. If the obstruction is still not relieved, continue alternating five back blows with abdominal thrusts until the object is coughed up or the loses consciousness.

ANY

QUESTION????????

QUESTION,,
Chest compression rate must be at least .. /min????
What the compression depth and where the place??? If pulse is present and the victim is still not breathing

normally. what will be your action? How to know whether the compression is good or not good?? What are emergency action principles??? How long we check for carotid pulse?? What are the ratio for chest compression??