HISTORY OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES

student: Nikoli Ana DS090178 professor: Gordana Dimkovi-Telebakovi

ELECTRIC VEHICLES
An electric vehicle or EV, by definition will use an electric motor for propulsion rather than being powered by a gasolinepowered motor. Besides the electric car: bikes, motorcycles, boats, airplanes, and trains have all been powered by electricity.

THE EARLY YEARS, ELECTRIC CARS FROM 1830 TO 1930

BEGINNINGS

Several inventors have been given credit for inventing the EV

In 1828, Hungarian, nyos Jedlik

In 1832 Robert Anderson of Scotland

In 1835 Professor Stratingh of Groningen,

Holland

In 1835, Thomas Davenport

BETTER BATERIES
Frenchmen Gaston Plante invented a better storage battery in 1865 and his fellow countrymen Camille Faure further improved the storage battery in 1881. Better capacity storage batteries were needed for electric vehicles to become practical.

ADVANTAGES

Electric cars did not have the vibration, smell, and

noise associated with gasoline cars.

Electric vehicles did not require gear changes Most travel in that time was local commuting, a perfect situation for electric vehicles, since their range was limited. Thanks to these characteristics by the end of the 19th century electric vehicles were widely used.

DECLINE AND RISE OF ELECTRIC CARS FROM 1930 TO 1990

REASONS FOR THE DECLINE

Better system of roads that now connected cities,

bringing with it the need for longer-range vehicles.

Reduced price of gasoline so that it was affordable to the average consumer. Mass production of internal combustion engine made these vehicles widely available and

affordable in the $500 to $1,000 price range while

the price of electric vehicles continued to rise.

DISAPPEARANCE

Electric vehicles had all but disappeared by 1935. The years following until the 1960s were dead years for electric vehicle development and for their use as personal transportation.

THE RETURN
The first Battronic The 60s and 70s saw a need for alternative-

fueled vehicles to reduce the problems of

exhaust emissions from internal combustion

Sebring-Vanguard electric truck 1964. produced over 2,000 "CitiCars."

engines and to reduce the dependency on

imported foreign crude oil. Many attempts to produce practical electric vehicles occurred during the years from 1960 and beyond.

ELECTRIC CARS - THE 90S

IMPACT OF NEW LEGISLATION

Several legislative and regulatory action srenewed the electric vehicle development efforts.

In addition to more stringent air emissions requirements and regulations requiring reductions in gasoline use, several states have issued Zero Emission Vehicle

90S EV MODELS

Chevrolet General Motors S-10 pickup Electric conversions of familiar gasoline truck EV1

powered vehicles, as well as electric vehicles designed from the ground up, became available that reached highway speeds with ranges of 50 to 150 miles between recharging.

COST EFFECTIVE

By 1998, electric vehicles satisfied the driving

requirements of many fleet operators and two car

families, however, a cost of $30,000 to $40,000 (1998) made them expensive. However, this cost was considerably lower when tax credits and incentives were included.

Large-volume production and improvements in the

production process later reduced prices competitive to gasoline-powered vehicles.

FUTURE OF EV

GUESSSING
The forecasts for how much of the global car market will be electric, and by when, are incredibly imprecise and vary wildly. Some among the carmakers think electric vehicles could make up as much as 25% of the car market by 2020. Some analysts however think that could be less than 5%.

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PEUGEOT MOOVIE

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