FINAL PRESENTATION

LOGIC BEHIND THE SYSTEMS

Submitted by:Kamran Moazzam (L1F10BBAM2171) Ameer Hamza (L1F10BBAM2329)

Ambeel Pasha (L1F10BBAM0345)

Haziq Tahir (L1F09BBAM0055)

Submitted to:Prof. Umer Shaoor

CAPITALISM
Economic system in which most of the means of production are privately owned, and production is guided and income distributed largely through the operation of markets. Capitalism as we all know is an economic system of producing wealth in which the wealth is privately owned. In capitalism, the land, labor, and capital are owned and operated by private individuals who are trading for one purpose that is, the generation of more income or profits in a legitimate way without force or fraud, by singly or jointly, and investments, distribution, income, production, pricing and supply of goods, commodities and services are determined by voluntary private decision in a market economy.

HISTORY OF CAPITALISM
Concept of Capitalism originated in 13th-16th century.

Adam Smith, an economic and political philosopher from Scotland, was the first to systematically describe the workings of the market system (capitalism). He did not invent it; instead, his genius came in being able to recognize and explain the market forces (supply and demand, competition, profit motive) guiding and regulating the economy. For doing this he is called the "Father of Capitalism". The book he wrote about capitalism, entitled "An Inquiry into the Wealth of Nations", was published in 1776.
Capitalism has been dominant in the Western world since the end of mercantilism

TYPES OF CAPITALISM
Mercantilism Free-market capitalism Social market economy State capitalism Corporate capitalism Mixed economy

PROS AND CONS OF CAPITALISM

Pros: You are free to make your own choices (right or wrong) in the market place. You own your life and the means to produce for your life. You can choose to run your own business or get a job with ease of government regulation. As a consumer, you get the highest quality of products for the cheapest prices. As a consumer, you get the highest variety of the types of goods and services you can purchase. You are free to innovate and invent without the government getting in your way. You don't have to pay taxes beyond that of the basics to protect your rights (police, courts, national defense, etc). You vote with your dollars. If you don't like a particular store, you can always shop somewhere else. You have the right to own property, which comes with the right to develop it as you choose. You have the right to earn as much money as you want without having to answer to the government. Capitalism has given the highest standards of living this earth has ever seen and no other system has ever been able to do this Capitalism recognizes your right to pursuit of life, liberty and property.

CONS:
There really arent any cons for capitalism. The only cons come from people that want to be able to tell people what to do or how to live their life. In capitalism, people are allowed to make their own choices, good or bad, and this seems to bother some that think they have the right to tell others how to live their life. As a capitalist they feel unfortunate that people do sleep on the streets, but they can't feel bad for people that make the conscious choice to stick a needle full of heroine into their veins. Everyone is given the same level playing field and everyone can play.

JAINISM

An ascetic religion of India, that teaches the

immortality and transmigration of the soul and denies the existence of a perfect or Supreme Being.

HISTORY OF JAINISM
An

old religion Originated in India in 6th century BC Followed by 3 - 4 million people mostly in India Non-violence is the hallmark of this spiritual discipline Little amount of world recourse Followers known as Jains Ultimate goal

JAINISM AS RELIGION:
Jainism is based on the teachings of its founder Mahavira. He says that if you want to achieve enlightenment then you must follow the following teachings:
Non-violence Truthfulness Non-stealing No

(do not harm others)

(do not lie)

sexual pleasure (poverty)

Non-materialism

COMMUNISM
Communism

is a society in which wealth and products are distributed equally to everyone.

Communism

is the political concept of having a completely classless society. An extreme form of socialism where there is no central government, all people are equal no matter what background they have & all resources are shared.

PROS AND CONS

Pros :
1) everyone is treated equally 2) everyone is employed 3) very little crime because of strict laws

COMMUNISM CONS :

Everything belongs to the government

No rights or freedoms Strict laws enforced on the people Street cleaner gets paid the same amount as a doctor! Jobs are nightmares. No public rights.

The

government decides on what the people can have, rather than what they want. Most all businesses are owned and controlled by the government.

Everybody is working, and most have nothing.

SOCIALISM
Socialism

is a political term applied to an economic system in which property is held in common and not individually, and relationships are governed by a political hierarchy.
Individuals

in positions of authority make decisions in the name of the collective group.

HISTORY AND ORIGIN

Concept Main Marx

originated in 1830-40

idea was given by Karl Marx and Frederick Engels

and Engels developed a body of ideas which they called scientific socialism, more commonly called Marxism
Presented

idea in First international (The International Workingmen's Association (IWA)

Socialist

groups supported diverse views of socialism and ideas travel to Paris Commune and second international ..

TYPES OF SOCIALISM
Anarchism Marxian

socialism

Revisionism State

socialism socialism

Syndicalism Utopian

Communism

PROS AND CONES OF SOCIALISM

Pros:Social

Equality: Public education is an example of attempting to equalize the minimum education for all people.
Economic

Equality: Minimum wage, food stamps, social security, and public housing are just some ways to reduce absolute poverty.
Medical

Equality: Socialized healthcare means that everyone receives the same minimum healthcare, even if unemployed and unable to pay for medical needs.
Political

Equality: Socialism increases workers rights and is more likely to allow more than only two dominate political parties.

CONS:Higher

Cost: Obviously socialism has a higher cost and taxes are high in socialistic countries. Socialistic countries tend to have a much higher debt ratio per citizen.
Less

Entrepreneurships: Higher taxes means it is much harder for entrepreneurs to start new companies and/or restrict existing companies from being very dynamic
Less

Rags-to-Riches: Socialism reduces the desire of the poorest people to work harder, get a higher education, and innovate, since they are guaranteed a minimum standard of comfortable living. As a result, fewer people that are born poor become rich.

ISLAM

Islam means submission to Allah (God). Islam, a name given to this religion is an Arabic word which literally means obedience and peace. ISLAM is derived from the Arabic root "SALEMA": peace, purity, submission and obedience

HISTORY
Islam

was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad Peace Be Upon Him Lived from 570 CE to 632 CE in Mecca in modern-day Saudi Arabia. Claims to be the restoration of original monotheism and truth and thus supersedes both Judaism and Christianity Stresses submission to Allah and conformity to the "five pillars" or disciplines of that religion as essential for salvation The second-largest religion in the world, with over 1 billion followers. A monotheistic faith founded Muhammad Peace Be Upon Him in 7th-century Saudi Arabia The angel Gabriel appeared to Muhammad Peace Be Upon Him , a camel driver, in a mountain cave and delivered a message from the one true God.

FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM:

The Pillars of Islam are five basic acts in Islam, considered obligatory for all believers.

the shahadah (creed) daily prayers (salat) almsgiving (zakah) fasting during Ramadan the pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj) at least once in a lifetime.

DEMOCRACY
Democracy is the Greek word which means popular government. It is a political system in which the supreme power line in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them

HISTORY

Ancient

Athens are the Co Founders

Originated Decision

in 508 BC

supported by Village Elders or other cooperative mode of Government

PROS AND CONS OF DEMOCRACY

Pros:Occur Power Only

changes in government without Violence only be transfer by Elections

general of Country has right to elect the Parliamentarians

Opinions

and directions are appreciated towards Society

Belongings

CONS :According

to General observation, some people of country are not fully aware of the political scenario
Wrong

decisions by Citizens will not focus on Long term Benefits

Representatives

BUDDHISM
Buddhism is a religion and philosophy encompassing a variety of traditions, beliefs and practices, largely based on teachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama, commonly known as the Buddha

HISTORY

An

old religion originated in Nepal in 26 centuries ago. is one of the dominant religions of Asia.

Buddhism Buddhism There

are about 350 million, which makes Buddhism the fourth largest of the world's religions.

BUDDHA'S LIFE
Siddhartha Born He

Gautama

in approximately 560 B.C. In northern India.

was the son of a ruler of Nepal.

Gautama was surrounded with pleasures and wealth.

BUDDHISM AS RELIGION
Meditation

and observance of moral precepts are the foundation of Buddhist practice.

Forgiveness,

gentleness, tolerance, harmlessness and peace are well known trademarks of Buddhism