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Functions of Oil Reduce Friction Absorb Heat Seals Cushions Cleans Corrosion
Reduce Friction
Absorb Heat
Oil is a heat-transfer medium which flows through the crankcase and oil coolers, and dissipates the heat from moving parts, thus constantly cooling engine bearings and piston rings.
Absorb Heat
Air-cooled aircraft engines rely on their oil for cooling far more than water-cooled automotive engines. Automotive oil typically accounts for about 40 percent of the engine's cooling capacity. In aviation engines, the oil must carry off a greater percentage of the engine's heat.
Seals
Aviation oil not only provides a seal between the rings and cylinder walls, but also helps seal the gasket areas and the rubber or synthetic seals for the crankshaft. When oil washes around those areas, it helps retain a seal. Thus, aviation oil must be of a blend or formulation that is compatible with the seal materials so that the seal itself lasts longer.
Cleans
All aviation oils clean. When we say an aviation oil cleans, we think of removing sludge, varnishes, and grunge accumulations in the oil pan, on plugs, or in the screen. However, when a lubricant keeps your airplane engine clean, it also means a clean ring belt area and better control of the combustion process. When those rings are able to move freely, your engine operates at higher efficiencies, has better ring seal, produces less blow-by, and consumes less oil
Corrosion
Ash cannot be added to aviation piston engine oils. Regulations prohibit the use of ash-bearing detergents and anti-wear, zinc-dithio-phosphate that are used in automotive or diesel truck engine oils because they may cause pre-ignition or detonation in an aircraft engine.
Dispersants, flow-improvers, anti-foam, anti-rust, anti-corrosion, and oxidation inhibitors can all be found in aviation oils, as can some ashless, anti-wear additives.
Filter Inspection
Oil Filter