Dignitary Protection 101

Class Overview
Day 1
Classroom
Overview/Terms/Formations/ Route Planning/Surveys

Day 2
FTX

Review of FTX
Briefing Critique Comments

Practical FTX
Formations Motorcades Picketlines

Prep for Day 2 FTX

Dignitary Protection 02/08/04

Purpose
The successful protection detail favors the use of proactive measures to avoid the confrontation, while maintaining a reactive capability in the form of good plans, procedures and training to aid in escaping the confrontation.
You must take a proactive approach to protection details.
The vast majority of organized attacks are successful The bodyguards usually die The bodyguards rarely fire their guns effectively, if at all The bodyguards gunfire almost never affects the outcome of the attack

Dignitary Protection 02/08/04

Identifying the threat level

The perceived threat on the principal will determine the type of protective detail and countermeasures used.
Political Candidate/Dignitary/Celebrity What does he or she represent Issues and stands Prior actions against the individual Current threat data

Dignitary Protection 02/08/04

Operations
Route Selection Site Security Communications Intelligence Traffic Hospital Surveys Luggage Security Close Proximity Personnel Fixed Posts Motorcades Command Post Aerial Support Counter snipers

Dignitary Protection 02/08/04

Terminology and Definitions

Advance Survey Route Survey Site Survey
General terms applied to all security activities, plans and arrangements made prior to and in connection with the visit of the principal to a given area The selection of primary and alternate routes of travel for the principal, and the measures taken to make the route secure for travel The investigation and resultant plans of security for a given location. Generally involves all the security measures taken at a place to be visited by the principal. Examples would be a hotel, mall, speech sites, etc. Any area/location that has been surveyed, cleared of unauthorized persons, is technically secure and is continuously secure by establishing post assignments prior to use

Secure Area

Terminology and Definitions

Security Room
The immediate control center for a specific detail or location, such as in a hotel room, principals residence, etc. To be used by Officers not on post but involved in the protection detail. An area of responsibility established to form a part of the security network. This may be fixed or mobile and there are generally three types; Surveillance, Check point and Special Assignment. Secure room at the visit site, usually a private room set aside for the principals privacy and convenience. Also used to hold the principal in the event of a problem and exiting is not an immediate option. A formally organized group of vehicles traveling along a specific route in a controlled formation

Security Post

Holding Room

Motorcade

Terminology and Definitions

Pilot Car Lead Car Principals Car Follow Up car
A marked cruiser which precedes the motorcade by approximately mile scanning the route for dangers, obstructions and problem areas The vehicle immediately preceding the motorcade occupied by the team leader, advance man and local officers. The vehicle designated to carry the principal Protective services vehicle always immediately following the principal.

PI Car

Vehicle carrying protective intelligence teams. The teams are responsible for responding to and resolving any issues or activities along the route which may involve possible threats or disruptions.

Terminology and Definitions

Detail Leader Shift Leader
Senior protective detail person in overall charge of the protective services function. Protective Detail Officer in charge of personnel on a given shift

Site Leader

Detail Officer in charge of a particular location. Is responsible for setting up all security posts, conducting roll call and maintaining overall control of the site prior to the principals arrival
Detail officers in area watching area reporting any suspicious persons or activity

Intel

Close Proximity
Recommended Minimum 5 to 6 person team Protect left side of the principal Point man should have the principal in his peripheral view 50% of the time Attempt to block the path of the attacker Do not let the principal enter a doorway first In hallways keep the principal in the center Keep the principal away from doorways, alcoves, etc Move towards the attacker not away

Close Proximity
During an assault Push the principal to the ground Cover the principal Push the principal into the crowd Evacuate the principal to the limo or safe room within the building or leave the building Id the problem and take action if within arms reach Use handshake release Apply pressure to wrist joint and pull up on the thumb Block items being thrown Protect the principal

Close Proximity
Assault Situations There are four primary considerations during an assault Arms Reach situations
Take action

Sound off Situations

First man who sees problem sounds off Id problem and use simple terms, ex. Gun, knife

Cover considerations Have principal squat DL and SL close and cover principal Evacuation considerations Move to limo Move to holding room Move to safe location away from problem

Working the Principal

Overall Mission Prevent injury, embarrassment, kidnapping, assignation and safe guard the principals schedule Brief the principal Make sure the principal knows how the protective detail works
The primary function of the detail is security and is not a matter or convenience to the principal He/She will follow all orders given by Shift leader in the event of an emergency

Working the Principal

Dress Conservative dress
Dark colors
Bright colors are distracting and draw attention

Well tailored jacket

Tailored to allow concealment of weapon and easy access

Comfortable shoes with rubber soles

Working the Principal

Demeanor General
Do not smoke Do not chew gum Do not engage the principal in conversation unless initiated by the principal (does not apply to the Shift Leader) Maintain a uniform attitude of professionalism

Working the Principal

Demeanor General
Keep handcuffs and weapons discreetly secured Refer any problems to the Detail Leader Stay alert and ready for any problems Remember your primary objective is to protect the principal. Do nothing to comprise the security of the principal, yet utilize tact, discretion and common sense

Formations
Double Ring Concept
The Outer ring:

Intelligence, Crowd Attitude Alert for Threat, Reaction

The Inner Ring: Arms Reach Concept, Close Proximity

Formations
5 Man Wedge Formation
1

SL

Formations
5 Man Diamond Formation
1

SL

Formations
5 Man Hallway Formation
1 2 SL P 3

Formations
4 Man Wedge Formation
1

SL 2

P 3

Formations
Three Man Diagonal Formation
1 SL 2 Generally used for mid level Dignitaries, etc P

Formations
Two Man Formation

1 SL P

Generally used for low level Dignitaries, etc

Arrivals and Departures

DL D
Lead car

SL 2 D
Principals car

1 D
Follow up car

3 4

Each position has a specific task:

The Detail Leader DL calls the check points while the motorcade is moving # 1 is usually the only shooter if needed The Drivers D always stay with the vehicles
Dignitary Protection 02/08/04

Arrivals and Departures

Each position has a specific task upon arrival to the location:

1 DL D SL D 2

3 P D 4

Dignitary Protection 02/08/04

Arrivals and Departures

D 1 A Site

P SL
D 2

4
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Arrivals and Departures

2 D 1 2 A 4 D SL

A
1 Site

SL 3 4

P
3

Dignitary Protection 02/08/04

The Picket Line

1
2 SL 4 P 3

The Picket Line

SL
4

The Picket Line

1 2 SL P 3

The Picket Line

SL
4

The Picket Line

4 2 SL P

The Picket Line

4 2 SL P

The Picket Line

4 2 SL P

The Picket Line

4 2 SL P

The Picket Line

4 2 SL P

Stage and Banquet Deployment

1
SL P

2
3
seated

Speaking Engagement
1
3 Intel P SL 4 Intel

Crowd

Elevator Entry

1
2 SL P 3

Elevator Entry

SL
5

P 4

Elevator Entry
P SL

2
3 4

Elevator Entry
3
P SL 4

Elevator Exit
3
P SL 4

Elevator Exit

SL
1

Elevator Exit

3 P 2

SL
5

Route Surveys
Have a primary and secondary route of travel Each route should be mapped out with check points Check points should be no farther than 1/8 of a mile apart Each turn should be designated as a checkpoint and preceded with left or right Detail leader should call off check points to Command post and Advance personnel as they approach site Survey should note any possible problem areas
Overpass Construction areas Possible choke points with motorcade

Use maps if possible and make sure the directions are clear and easy to follow

Site Surveys
Purpose is to identify undesirable elements and physical hazards Contact person in charge of site Evaluate where the event is to occur Consider time principal will be exposed Examine factors difficult to control
Crowd Press Items outside secure areas
Other buildings onlookers

Site Surveys
Check all travel times and verify
Drive primary and alternate routes

Check and evaluate all emergency data

Phone numbers Communication equipment
Does it work inside the area

Emergency Escape Route

Determine location of Holding room Establish security posts Determine personnel logistics for site

Site Surveys
If possible get copies of floor plans and master key
Maybe needed in the event of an emergency and escape

Establish buffer areas best if not less than 30 ft

Press area General Public Invitees

Prepare Preliminary survey report

Site Surveys
Types if Security Site Surveys Airports Hotels Ballrooms Private (residence, office, etc.) Open air areas
Parks, construction sites, etc

Comments/Questions