Chp11 Internet&Services

The Internet
What is the Internet?

The internet is the worlds network. It is a voluntary, and almost unregulated, collection of hardware and software owned by private individuals and organizations.
Internet&Services By. Shafiq A. Chachar
Birth of the Net

Began in 1969 as a experimental project by DoD (U.S. Department of Defence) At this time it was called ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency) 1980 - ARPANET was renamed Internet 1989 - World Wide Web, proposed by Tim Berners Lee, physics laboratory called CERN in Europe.
What does Internet offer?

Electronic mail Information retrieval
The World Wide Web The Gopher System File Transfer Protocol Telnet
What does Internet offer?

Mailing Lists Newsgroups Chat Online Shopping
World Wide Web
Internet&Services
By. Shafiq A. Chachar
What is WWW?
World Wide Web (WWW), or web, is a retrieval based on technology that organizes information into pages. The pages are called Web pages, or documents. World Wide Web is the collection of data held on the Internet and the tools to allow analysis of that data.
World Wide Web

1. Web Browsers A look at Microsoft Internet Explorer 2. How the Web Works Whats really happening when you hop from site to site 3. Anatomy of a Web Page 4. Basic Terminologies
World Wide Web

5. Domain Names What .com really means 6. Understanding Web Addresses Every web page has a unique address 7. Bookmarks and Favorites Create a list of your favorite websites 8. Searching the Web Tools can unearth the vast resources of the 9 Internet&Services By. Shafiq A. Chachar Web
What is a Web Browser?

A web browser is the software program you use to access the World Wide Web, the graphical portion of the Internet. Microsoft Internet Explorer and Netscape Communicator are the two most popular one.
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Internet Explorer - Toolbar

The row of buttons at the top of your web browser, known is the toolbar.
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Back Button
The Back button returns you to the previous page youve visited
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Forward Button
The Forward button returns you to the page you just came from
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Stop Button
The Stop button stops the browser from loading the current page
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Refresh Button
The Refresh load the web page again

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Home Button
The Home takes you to whichever home page youve chosen. A home page is the first entry level screen of any Website, where visitors are normally welcomed. The page will show the contents of the site and and give instructions for its use.
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Choose Your Own Home Page

View --> Options --> General Tab
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Search Button
The Search connects to pages on the Microsoft websites that list a number of Internet directories and search tools
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Favorites Button
Favorites allows you to create a series of shortcuts to commonly visited pages.

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History Button
To revisit recently viewed Web pages

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The Location Bar
This is where you type in the address of a website you want to visit. After you enter it, press the Enter key. By clicking the small triangle to the right of the Location Bar, you will get a drop down list of the most recent websites you have visited.
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The Access Indicator

Internet Explorer has a small picture in the upper right hand corner of the browser. When this image is animated, it means that your browser software, know as client, is accessing data from a remote computer, called a server.
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The Status Bar

At the bottom of the web browser youll find a window known as a progress of web page transactions, such as the address of the site you are contacting, whether the host computer has been contacted and the size of the files to be downloaded
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How the Web Works (1)

Web consists of personal computer web browser internet service provider servers routers
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How the Web Works (2)

The Web is known as a client server system. Your computer is the client. The computer that store electronic files is the server.
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Basic Terminologies
Web Site: A collection of related Web pages belonging to an individual or organization. Web Server: A computer that stores and distributes Web pages upon request.
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Basic Terminologies
Hyperlink: Boldfaced and underlined text or a graphic icon with a World Wide Web pages that summons new information to the screen when the user selects it. Often also called hypermedia.
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Basic Terminologies
Browsing/Surfing: Moving selectively around the Internet using hypertext links. Hypertext: A system of writing and displaying text that enables the text to be linked in multiple ways and contain links to related documents.
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Basic Terminologies
Internet Service Provider: ISP is an organization that provides connection to an Internet in return for a fee. HTML - Hypertext Markup Language: HTML is the programming language that allows the creation of links between data items throughout the World Wide Web.
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Basic Terminologies
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol) is a set of standards for communication software using the Internet. A home page is the first entry level screen of any Web site, where visitors are normally welcomed. The page will show the contents of the site and give instructions for its use.
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Anatomy of a Web Page

A web page is an electronic document Written in HTML. Each web page has a unique address, called a URL. Web pages are linked together through a system of hyperlinks. Home Page is the starting point of a website.
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Domain Names(1)
.com - business (commercial) .edu - educational .org - non-profit .mil - military .net - network provider .gov - government
Over 7.2 million domain names, 85% are .com domains.
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Domain Names(2)
.au - Australia .ca - Canada .fr - France .de - Germany .uk - United Kingdom .pk - Pakistan
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Understanding Web Addresses

Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is the unique address which describes the location of an individual Web Page. URL is entered into the Location Bar
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http://www.dial.pipex.com The page is using http or Hypertext Transfer Protocol, which means that the images and text conform to HTML. The site is www or a World Wide Web site. The name of the domain/site is dial pipex The organization is commercial.
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Most of the URLs start with HTTP followed by colon and two slashes HTTP - Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
Download Web Pages
FTP - File Transfer Protocol

Download Text Files
FILE - to locate a file on your local drive (your hard drive)

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Important things to know about URLs
A URL usually has no spaces A URL always uses forward slashes You can find the URL behind any link by passing your mouse cursor over the link. The pointer will turn into hand and the URL will appear in the browsers status bar
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Searching the Web

Searching requires part skill, part luck and a little bit of art. Search Engines are software tools that allow user to find information throughout the Web by using keywords. Two categories -- directories & indexes
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Searching the Web

Directories
are good at identifying general information group websites under similar categories, such as tutorials, universities, museums etc.
For e.g., if you are searching for the Louvre museum website, try using the directory such as Yahoo!
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Searching the Web

Indexes
analyze millions of web pages & newsgroups postings, indexing all of the words. use software program called spiders or robots that scour the Internet.
For e.g., if you are looking for biographical information about Leonardo da Vinci try indexes such as AltaVista and Lycos. 40 Internet&Services By. Shafiq A. Chachar
Searching the Web

Results in Searching cable AND carDocum ents with both words cable OR car The greatest am out of m atches; docum ents with either words cable NOT carDocum ents about cable, but not about cable cars; a good way to lim it the search
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The Future
RealPlayer CU-SeeMe Internet2 ScreenFridge Electronic Commerce
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RealPlayer
Company- RealNetworks Audio and Video with RealPlayer software This technology is called streaming media Due to bandwidth the picture is small and jerky, but it does hint at future television.
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CU-SeeMe
Cornell University First free videoconferencing program for Macintosh and Windows. Let users send and receive video and sound over local area networks and the Internet It is still primitive due to bandwidth limitations.
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What is Internet2
February 1999 Can carry huge amount of data at speeds thousands of times faster than your modem. It links number of university across U.S. It will be available for commercial use in a few years. Interactive television, virtual 3-D conferencing, movies on demand etc.
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ScreenFridge
Company - Electrolux Know for vacuum cleaners 21st Century Internet icebox Manages your pantry Email a shopping list to your cyber supermarket and coordinate a convenient delivery time with your schedule
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Electronic Commerce
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Electronic Commerce
E-commerce is defined as sharing business information, maintaining business relationships, and conducting business transactions through the use of telecommunications networks.
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Electronic Commerce
It is estimated that the total value of goods and services traded between companies over the Internet in 1997 was $8 billion and will grow to $333 billion worldwide by the year 2002.
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Benefits of Electronic Commerce
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Increase customer support

Think of your website as a 24 hours-a-day, 7 days-a-week. Providing your customers with:
a searchable database of retailers who carry your products, maps and directions to your office, press releases,
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Increase customer support

electronic instruction manuals, brochures and catalogs, answers to frequently asked questions.
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Offer new kinds of services

Are you in the brokerage business? How about electronic trading? Do you sell books? Let people order online. Do your customers regularly call your office to have their questions answered? Let them send e-mail as well. You get the idea. The opportunities are only limited by your imagination and resourcefulness.
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Create new relationships with your customers

Think about creating a community around your product or service. If your company manufactures bicycle gear, initiate a chat room where your customers can discuss the sport; if your company provides financial services, consider an investors' forum.
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Off-load responsibilities to your customers

Remember when you had to wait in line at a bank to get cash. Thanks to ATMs, those days are over forever. Banks now make you do much of the work of imputing data; in return there's the convenience of 'round the clock banking. A website can help your business in much the same way. 55 Internet&Services By. Shafiq A. Chachar
Perform market research

Your website can be a valuable source of data about your customers. By examining the traffic reports generated from your site, you can find out when they access your site, where they come from and which features they access. You can actively solicit information from visitors by asking them to fill out survey forms.
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Reduce your business costs

Saving money can be just as important as making money, right? Your website can do that by streamlining costs for customer service, ordering, printing and postage, among other things. According to Forester Research, online orders are 4% more profitable than orders placed over the phone. 57 Internet&Services By. Shafiq A. Chachar
Reach new markets

The Internet spans the globe, allowing your company to offer its products and services internationally, an option once open only to large corporations.
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Create new business partnerships

A website is a wonderful way to create mutually beneficial relationships. For instance, a travel-related site might link to a travel agency and receive a commission should the referral generate new business. Likewise, a travel agency can link to your travel-related site so clients can avail themselves of your travel expertise. It's a win-win situation for both businesses. 59 Internet&Services By. Shafiq A. Chachar
Beat the competition

It may not be the best reason to build a site, but it's certainly a valid one. Most business compete for customers. Does your competitor have a website? Then you need one too. More than keeping up, it can be the difference between staying in the game or going out-of-business.
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Gopher
An information retrieval tool for the Internet that generates hierarchical, text-intensive menus; successive topic choices narrow a search to a particular resource. Gopher is organized similarly to the Web. Web pages often contain links to Gopher sites and vice versa.
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File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

A communication protocol that facilitates the transfer of files between a host computer and a users computer. FTP sites allow you to download files by selecting them from menus that list file and folder names. Selecting a file name often initiates an immediate file download to your computer. 62 Internet&Services By. Shafiq A. Chachar
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

Archie A software tool that enables Internet users to search through public servers to find the locations of downloadable files on particular subjects. Archie client software is included with many Web browsers.
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Telnet
A communication protocol that lets a workstation behave like a dumb terminal when interacting with remote servers. In a popular application, people often play games over networks with others, and Telnet hosts run the games for all players.
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Telnet
Many bulletin board systems are also set up on Telnet computers throughout the world. Telnet is another feature built into many Web browsers.
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The Internet

What is the Internet?

Birth of the Net

What does Internet offer?

What does Internet offer?

World Wide Web

By. Shafiq A. Chachar

World Wide Web

World Wide Web

What is a Web Browser?

Internet Explorer - Toolbar

By. Shafiq A. Chachar

The Refresh load the web page again

Choose Your Own Home Page

By. Shafiq A. Chachar

Favorites allows you to create a series of shortcuts to commonly visited pages.

To revisit recently viewed Web pages

The Location Bar

The Access Indicator

The Status Bar

How the Web Works (1)

By. Shafiq A. Chachar

How the Web Works (2)

By. Shafiq A. Chachar

By. Shafiq A. Chachar

Anatomy of a Web Page

By. Shafiq A. Chachar

Understanding Web Addresses

By. Shafiq A. Chachar

Understanding Web Addresses

Understanding Web Addresses

FTP - File Transfer Protocol

FILE - to locate a file on your local drive (your hard drive)

Understanding Web Addresses

Searching the Web

Searching the Web

Searching the Web

Searching the Web

By. Shafiq A. Chachar

By. Shafiq A. Chachar

By. Shafiq A. Chachar

By. Shafiq A. Chachar

Benefits of Electronic Commerce

By. Shafiq A. Chachar

Increase customer support

Increase customer support

By. Shafiq A. Chachar

Offer new kinds of services

Create new relationships with your customers

Off-load responsibilities to your customers

Perform market research

Reduce your business costs

Reach new markets

By. Shafiq A. Chachar

Create new business partnerships

Beat the competition

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

By. Shafiq A. Chachar

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Chp11 Internet&Services

Chp11 Internet&Services