Transition of Electric Grid of Bangladesh to the Smart Grid

Presented by: Abir Chowdhury, ET083031 S.M. Eftehar Uddin Chowdhury, ET083014

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering International Islamic University Chittagong

What is Smart Grid?

A smart grid is the technology that incorporates advanced sensing technologies, control systems and integrated communications into the existing electricity grid.
Smart Grid is incomparable to the existing grid in the aspects of smart central generation, smart transmission, smart substation, smart distribution feeders and smart metering

Block diagram of Smart Grid

Characteristics

Components
Integrated communication systems

Ecofriendly Selfhealing Resilient Economic

Advanced Sensing Metering

Wellexecuted Secure

Measurement infrastructure Comprehensive decision support Human interfaces

Reliable

The communications technology for data transmission between smart meters and electric utilities
Two-way communications
System stability and reliability with advanced controls

Inter-operability between advanced applications

Robust System security to prevent cyber-attacks

Reliable and secure communications with low response-time and adequate bandwidth

Decentralization
To form grids which are more smart, receptive and flexible than present power grids, Smart grid employ decentralization process
Substation: Information gathering and decision making Electricity dispatching center: strategic management of grid intelligence
Computerized management: transmission and distribution

Why the Grid needed to be Smart?

To deal with the mounting energy demand of the world To lessen the cost of power disturbances and system losses throughout the world To reduce CO2 emission by enhancing Green energy generation and consumption To stop Electricity price hiking by controlling demand and supply To provide reliable services for a long period by removing aged infrastructure and employees

What does a Smart Grid do?

Allows duplex electricity flow based on available information and consumer preferences Brings renewable energy to the traditional grid Permits fast load relief to cope with fluctuations in generation Brings rises in energy efficiencies and drops in carbon emissions Develops the reliability, performance and overall efficiency of the utility Enables consumer empowerment to manage their energy usage and financial savings

Present Grid Condition of Bangladesh

Problems of Bangladesh energy sector

Increasing demand of electricity Lack of fuel Nonfunctional load dispatch center Corruption in administration High system losses Delays in completion of new plants Low plant efficiencies Erratic power supply Electricity theft Blackouts Shortages of funds for power plant maintenance

Rudimentary phases to enable Smart Grid

planning at consumer-premise, AC/ DC feed-in and different voltage level coordinated development Improving the functions and performance of existing system in an integral manner Tracking down the connections between different power grid monitoring and controlling indexes Assembling a logic structure based power system monitoring and controlling index system Implementation of dynamic security monitoring, power system pre-alarm processing and pre-control

Underscored sectors for smart grid

System Control and Optimization Renewable and Distributed Energy Resources (DER) Integration Energy Storage Solutions Customer-side Applications Communications Architecture Efficient Manpower

Consequence of Smart Grid implementation in Bangladesh

improve the efficiency and reliability of electrical power distribution system establish long-distance and large-capacity power transmission systems diminish the bulk of energy in the cities and the pressure of transmission by decentralization Reduce environmental pollution accelerate the renovation of national economy

Smart grid: potential solution of power failure

Smart grid can spontaneously recalculate and distribute electricity to all consumers equitably but at reduced amount leaving no premises without electricity in case of load-shedding
Digital radios and R/C circuit breakers can be set up to optimize energy flow for wirelessly control of electricity distribution and energy conservation

Digital radio and R/C circuit breakers

Locally manufactured Digital radios and circuit breakers can be implemented to the distribution system for automatic control and management of the power grid
A lot of circuit breakers are needed to maintain the power system stability, cable and transformer protection, load balancing and network stability

How do Digital radio and R/C circuit breakers work?

Throughout energy shortages, the Smart grid radio transmitters, installed at the electrical poles or sub-stations, will broadcast encoded message over the air to radio receiver, attached to distant circuit breakers. This encrypted message will switch off only a fraction of electricity supplied to various destinations.

Advantages of new digital radio technologies

1. Almost no change to existing electrical wiring 2. Very low cost and small Radio Transmitters and Receivers 3. License-free radio band 4. Greater employment chance by designing and manufacturing both digital radios and circuit breakers locally 5. Become a pioneer of smart grid in third world countries

Smart substations for Bangladesh

Reports information such as electricity consumption Performs switchboard operation Gives decision making back to the electricity dispatching control center