Active traffic control Using microcontroller

Presented by:ANUPRIYA SRIVASTAVA ASHIMA MAHAJAN KHUSHBOO JAIN MANASVI SRIVASTAVA MAYANK SAROHA

OBJECTIVE
VEHICLE TRACKING SPEED CONTROL OF VEHICLES TRAFFIC RULE VIOLATION DETECTION

INTRODUCTION
Intelligent speed adaptation uses information about the traffic light on which the vehicle travels to make decisions about what the correct speed should be. This information of speed of vehicle can be obtained through Rf transmitter placed on the traffic light. These systems are designed to detect and alert a driver when a vehicle has entered traffic light zone, when variable speed zones are in force and when normal speed zones are imposed.

PURPOSE OF OUR PROJECT

The purpose of our project is to assist the driver in keeping to the lawful speed limit at traffic light, to detect if some one violate traffic rule.

How Do We Implement???
To achieve our goal we have made two units, one unit to be embedded in car and another unit for the traffic light. Every car has a transmitter , receiver and speed control unit while the traffic light has a receiver , transmitter and display unit. The transmitter of the car transmits a unique code. When it comes nearby any traffic signal, the receiver at the traffic signal receives the transmitted signal and displays all the information about the car. When ever this car violates the traffic rule, the system stores the number which can be used to generate penalty.

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF TRAFFIC LIGHT

433 MHZ RF RX
16*2 LCD

433 MHZ RF TX

DECODER

MICROCONTROLLER

ENCODER

555 TIMER

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF A VEHICLE

433 MHZ RF RX 433 MHZ RF TX

DECODER

MICROCONTROLLER

ENCODER

H-BRIDGE MOTOR DRIVER

COMPONENTS USED: HT12D(Decoder) HT12E(Encoder) RF RECIEVER/ TRANSMITTER LM 555 TIMER 8051 MICROCONTROLLER LCD DC MOTOR TRANSFORMER(Step down) CAPACITORS(Electrolytic and Ceramic) RESISTORS LED VOLTAGE REGULATOR(7805CT) RESET SWITCH H BRIDGE MOTOR DRIVER

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF TRAFFIC LIGHT

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF A VEHICLE

POWER SUPPLY

230V ac supply is converted to 12V ac using a step down transformer. Since the circuit works on dc, so the 12V ac is converted to 12V dc using Full Bridge Rectifier. This 12V dc contains ripples and noise. In order to eliminate the ripples and noise we use a 1000 uF Electrolytic capacitor and 0.1uF Ceramic capacitor. Voltage regulator (LM78L05) is used for providing constant voltage to the circuit (Here 5V).

After the voltage regulation, the5V dc contains some ripples and noise which are eliminated by Electrolytic and Ceramic capacitor.
We have an LED in the power supply which indicates the flow of power supply in the circuit.

PIN CONFIGUARATION OF AT89c52 MICROCONTROLLER

Low power, high performance 8-bit

microcontroller
8K Bytes of Flash Programmable & Erasable Read Only Memory (PEROM) Compatible with Industry Standard 80C51 and 80C52 instruction set and pin out On-chip Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system Powerful microcomputer which provides a highly-flexible and costeffective solution to many embedded control Applications.

HT12D DECODER
Operating voltage: 2.4V~12V
Low power and high noise immunity CMOS technology Low standby current Capable of decoding 12 bits of information Received codes are checked 3 times Built-in oscillator needs only 5% resistor Valid transmission indicator Easy interface with an RF or an infrared transmission Medium Minimal external components.

HT12E ENCODER Operating voltage 2.4V~12V for the HT12E Low power and high noise immunity CMOS technology

Low standby current: 0.1A (typ.) at VDD=5V

Minimum transmission word Four words for the HT12E Built-in oscillator needs only 5% resistor Minimal external components

H-BRIDGE MOTOR DRIVER IC

APPLICATIONS
Out project can be used to generate automatic penalty to those who violate traffic rule because project stores the registration number of those cars that violate traffic rule. This is also particularly useful when drivers are in unfamiliar areas or when they pass through areas where variable speed limits are used.

 Research has found that in urban areas the risk of a casualty crash is doubled for each 5 km/hr over the limit. So travelling at 70 km/hr in a 60 km/hr zone quadruples the risk of a crash in which someone is hospitalized. As a result it is estimated that about 10% of casualties could be prevented if the large group of motorists who routinely travel at upto 10 km/hr over the limit were encouraged to obey the speed limit. About 20% of casualties could be prevented if all the vehicles are compiled with the speed limit.

LIMITATIONS
Compensation behavior: there are indications that drivers compensate by driving faster on road segments where the ISA system is not active. Diminished attention: ISA can result in reduction of attention for the road and traffic situation, when the system is not active. For example, forgetting to slow down when entering a lower speed zone or to accelerate when entering a higher speed zone, but also in forgetting to use the direction indicator .

ADVANTAGES
Vehicle tracking systems can help to reduce running costs by specifically targeting those who speed and waste fuel. It reduces the higher rates of accidents involving fatalities and serious injuries. This helps in efficient traffic management. It helps to reduce increased operating and maintenance costs for the transport industry. It reduces costs for insurance companies as number of accidents get reduced. It reduces environmental pollution.

CONCLUSION
Thus by using Intelligent Speed Adaptation we have tried to make a project which will help in controlling traffic in a better and cost effective way.

THANK YOU