A Discrete Time Model of Boiler Drum and Heat Exchanger QAD Model BDT 921

Faculty of electrical and electronic engineering Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (uthm) October 20-22, 2009, Bandung, Indonesia, IEEE

Carlos Ivn Mesa M. Cd.: 45121608 Control Digital Ing. Automatizacin Unisalle 22-Febrero-2012

ABSTRACT
The document discusses the procedure followed to control a system discreetly heat exchanger and a drum-boiler control laboratory of the university which were are controlled analogously. PID is chosen as a control discreetly. The plant behavior is analyzed using the simulation tool Matlab.

INTRODUCTION

Boiler drum and heat exchanger are commonly used in industries in almost all process and power plants to generate steam for the main purpose of electricity generation via steam turbines.

Figure 1 The boiler drum and heat exchanger QAD Model BDT 921

Figure 2 - The front panel control of boiler drum and heat exchanger QAD

BOILER DRUM

Figure 3 - The real system of boiler drum

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BOILER DRUM MODEL(Schematic)

Figure 4 - The P&ID of boiler drum and heat exchanger

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BLOCK DIAGRAM

Figure 5 Block Diagram for boiler drum control system

Parameter gain Boiler tank transfer function, GP Current to pressure converter, GI/P Level transmitter, Gt Level set to voltage converter, GHV Voltage to current converter, GVI level control valve, GV Gain of PID controller, GC Value 1/500s 0.0527 0.16 0.04 4 1144 variable

Table 1 Parameter gain values for boiler drum model

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TRANSFER FUNCTION
() 0,019 = () + 0,019

Transfer function for single loop

100 =

Proportional controller (P)

Proportional plus integral controller (PI)

1 = (1 +
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FUNCION DE TRANSFERENCIA
Proportional plus integral controller (PI) 0,019 () = () 2 + 0,019 + 0,019 0,019 +

Replace Ti = 30:

Discrete time Transfer function:

() 0,3259 0,305 = () 2 1,663 + 0,6839

HEAT EXCHANGER MODEL

Figure 6 - The real system of heat exchanger

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THE P&ID OF HEAT EXCHANGER

Figure 7 The P&ID of heat exchanger

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BLOCK DIAGRAM

Figure 8 Block Diagram for heat exchanger control System

Parameter gain Gain of temperature to voltage values converter, GHV x Gain of voltage to current values converter, GVI Gain of PID controller, GC Gain of temperature to voltage values converter, GHV x Gain of voltage to Gain of temperature transmitter, GT Value 0.000053 variable 9022.28 2.55s 0.076

Table 2 - Parameter gain values for heat exchanger model

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TRANSFER FUNCTION
() = () + 53,13 + 20,83

Transfer function for single loop = Proportional controller (P)

100 1 1+ 1

Proportional plus integral controller (PI) 100 1 = 1+ + 1

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TRANSFER FUNCTION
Proportional plus integral controller (PI)
0,019 () = () 2 + 0,019 + 0,019 0,019 +

Replace Ti = 30:

Discrete time Transfer function:

() 0,5453 2 1,045 + 0,5011 = () 2 1,955 + 0,9555

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BOILER DRUM RESULT

Time (s) Signal Types Rise Time Tr Experiment Simulated Difference Peak Time Tp

Settling Time Ts 65s 60s 5s

10s 8s 2s

20s 10s 10s

Table 3 - Comparison data obtained from experiment and with simulated

Figure 9 Comparison simulation using z-domain transfer function with 2s sampling time and measured response of experiment to step change in boiler drum for 14 PB = 10 and Ti = 30s

BOILER DRUM RESULT

Time (s) Signal Types Rise Time Tr Experiment Simulated Difference Peak Time Tp Settling Time Ts 65s 70s 5s

65s 60s 5s

60s 65s 5s

Figure 10 Comparison simulation using Table 4 - Comparison data obtained from z-domain transfer function with 0,5s experiment and with simulated sampling time and measured response of experiment to step change in boiler 15 drum for

SIMULATION ON MATLAB
MATLAB CODE clear all close all clc gvi=0.000053 ts=2; gt=0.076 num= [0.5453 -1.045 0.5011] den=[1 -1.955 0.9555] gc=tf(num,den,ts) num2=[9022.28] den2=[2.55 1] gp=tf(num2,den2) gpz=c2d(gp,ts) w=series(gc,gpz) f=feedback(w,1) final=series(f,gvi) % step(gpz) figure step(gc)

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TRANSFER FUNCTION
Para la funcin de transferencia
() 0,5453 2 1,045 + 0,5011 = () 2 1,955 + 0,9555

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CONCLUSION
Mathematical model for a process control plant is important because it provides key information as to the nature and characteristic of the system which is vital for the investigation and prediction of the system operation The set of equations that make up that model is an approximation of the true process. The model of boiler drum and heat exchanger process control training system QAD Model BDT921 from the transfer function result has second order.

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