ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

Acid Rain & Deforestation

Submitted By::
Shivam Katthuria Shivani Yadav Shivendra Anand Shrikant Pauchary

Acid Rain

What is Acid Rain

Formed when gases, such as CO2 and SO2 react with the water in the atmosphere The pH of Rain drops

As low as pH of 2 Very harmful to our living environment

Gases which are at the origin of acid rains are :

Sulphur dioxide Carbon dioxide Nitrogen oxide

Acid rains appear when :

Sulphur dioxide Nitrogen oxide

Release sulphuric acid and nitric acid !

They move up into the air and are released as acid rains

Acid Rain and Trees

How does Acid Rain effect us

It kills micro-organisms It poisons plants It damages metals and limestone It kills fish

Acid Rain Summary

DEFORESTATION

The paper aims to

Deforestation is the conversion of forested areas to non-forest land for use such as arable land, pasture, urban use, logged area, or wasteland. Generally, the removal or destruction of significant areas of forest cover has resulted in a degraded environment with reduced biodiversity.

Deforestation

Results from removal of trees without sufficient reforestation, and results in declines in habitat and biodiversity, wood for fuel and industrial use, and quality of life.

Causes of Deforestation

Population Growth
It is clear now that the role of population factors in deforestation varies considerably from one setting to another depending on the local patterns of human occupancy and economic activity. Population (especially rapidly increasing or dense population) can increase demands for land and wood, eventually exceeding the carrying capacity of forests that are expected to supply wood fuels , food, and environmental protection for local people.

Causes of Deforestation

Climate
Forest disappear naturally as a result of broad climate changes or catastrophes such as fire and landslides.

Agriculture
Growing populations need expanding food supplies, so forests are cleared by shifting cultivators for annual or permanent crops. Rates of clearing are likely to be higher in countries where little or no progress has been made in agricultural productivity or where land productivity falls rapidly after the natural forest cover is removed.

Causes of Deforestation

Logging
Commercial logging operations deplete forest stocks. Regulated timber extraction should not permanently damage the forest, but when it is not controlled, mechanized logging or even selective timber harvesting may severely alter the character of the forest

Fuel
Forests in developing countries provide wood fuels for local populations. Fuelwood and charcoal are widely used for domestic cooking and heating.

Burning and Grazing

Deforestation may occur in ways other than outright clearing or wood removal. The practice of annual burning in many areas prevents forest regrowth , and grazing by sheep, goats and cattle has much the same effect.

Reasons of Deforestation

Consequences of Deforestation
Extinction of Thousands of Species Greenhouse Effect Tsunamis, hurricanes, typhoons Landslides, Heating of earths crust Volcanic Eruptions Ozone Depletion

Consequences of Deforestation
Soil erosion Acid rain Destruction of corals along the coast Changing climate

Every individual can make a difference

Plant trees Population control Demand from politicians Maintain greenery Recycle materials (paper) Join an NGO Spread the word

THANK YOU