INTRODUCTION TO LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE

CALIFORNIA AND GROWTH IN THE WEST

BY

TARI I. GUWA : MSC/ENV-DESIGN/4713/09 - 10 IDRIS UMAR SAHAIBATU: PGDLA/ENV-DES/8187/09 10 SULEIMAN UBA ALIYU: PGDLA/ENV-DES/5980/09 10 MUSA MOHAMMED MARYAM: PGDLA/ENV-DES/4163/09 10

INTRODUCTION
Landscape Architecture is the profession which implies artistic and scientific principles to the research, planning, design and management of both natural and built environment. Practitioners of this profession apply creative and technical skills and scientific, it is the design of outdoor and public spaces to achieve environmental, socio-behavioral, and/or aesthetic outcomes. It involves the systematic investigation of existing social, ecological, and geological conditions and processes in the landscape, and the design of interventions that will produce the desired outcome. cultural and political knowledge in the planned arrangement of natural and constructed elements on the land with a concern for the stewardship and conservation of natural, constructed and human resources.

CALIFORNIA AND THE GROWTH IN THE WEST

Nowhere in the growth and urban development of the United states since 1945 more evident than in Carlifornia, including the Bay aArea, Los Angeles, San Diego, and Orange county. California and other western states have provieded a fertile region for the most recent landscape architects to flourish. The California practioners who have become well known in the professional landscape arechitecture community include Thomas Church, Garnrett Eckbo, Lawrence Halprin.

THOMAS CHURCH
Thomas chiurch is considered an early trendsetter in the mordern urban growth era of landscape architecture. His innovative approach to designing private residential gardens in California and repressenting a departure from the imititive design influences of the earlier neoclassical design style was mentioned in his book Gardens are for

people: How to Plan for outdoor living.

Churchs approach according to Micheal Laurie (1975), recognised their sources of form for the residential garden. The first generator form is the needs and desires of the client. The second generator includes the site condition and the interplay of technology and materials available for site development. The third source is the orchestration of spatial experience on a site and the introduction of fine arts.

GARRETT ECKBO
Garrett Eckbo continued the revolt against earlier cookbook schools of design, such as neoclassical and Italianate, which applied design idioms to the site regardless of functionalrequirements or natural site conditions. The book clearly denounces the old garden rules; in

the good old days this problem of how to shape the garden plan was made very simple for us . It covers the
general factors relevant to all landscape problems accross the country including climate, topography, vegetaions, soil texture, context, house and form, family composition, income and attitudes.

THEIR WORKS