Computer Graphics

Computer Graphics
An Introduction

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Whats this course all about?

We will cover Graphics programming and algorithms

Graphics data structures

Colour and human vision Applied geometry, modelling and rendering

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Lecture 1

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Computer Graphics is about animation (films)

Major driving force now

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Games are very important in Computer Graphics

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Medical Imaging is another driving force

Much financial support

Promotes linking of graphics with video, scans, etc.
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Computer Aided Design too

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Scientific Visualisation
To view below and above our visual range

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First Lecture
The graphics processes
What we will cover on this course

Some definitions
Fundamental units we use in these processes

Raster graphics implications Course support resources

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Graphics Pipelines
Graphics processes generally execute sequentially Typical pipeline model There are two graphics pipelines
The Geometry or 3D pipeline The Imaging or 2D pipeline

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Geometry Pipeline
Animation/Interaction : time Modeling: shapes Shading: reflection and lighting Transformation: viewing Hidden Surface Elimination
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Imaging Pipeline
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Imaging Pipeline
Geometry
Pipeline

Rasterization and Sampling Texture Mapping Image Composition Intensity and Colour Quantization Framebuffer/Display

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An example thro the pipeline

The scene we are trying to represent:

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Wireframe model Orthographic views

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Perspective View

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Depth Cue

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Hidden Line Removal add colour

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Constant Shading - Ambient

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Faceted Shading - Flat

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Gouraud shading, no specular highlights

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Specular highlights added

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Phong shading

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Texture mapping

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Texture mapping

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Reflections, shadows & Bump mapping

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Graphics Definitions
Point
a location in space, 2D or 3D sometimes denotes one pixel

Line
straight path connecting two points infinitesimal width, consistent density beginning and end on points
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Graphics Definitions
Vertex
point in 3D

Edge
line in 3D connecting two vertices

Polygon/Face/Facet
arbitrary shape formed by connected vertices fundamental unit of 3D computer graphics

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Graphics Definitions
Raster
derived from TV systems for a row of pixels commonly referred to as a scanline does influence algorithms reducing memory requirements, parallelism, etc. is the derivation of rasterization, scan-line algorithms

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Course support resources

Graphics course website
lecture material, lecture log with general summary and recommended reading, Links to support material for lectures and projects, Practical description and resources

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Summary
The course is about algorithms, not applications Graphics execution is a pipelined approach Most of the steps introduced with an example Basic definitions presented Some support resources indicated
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