Listening Skills & Team Work

GROUP SKILLS
2009 IBM Corporation
AGENDA
Listening Skills Facts about Listening Types of Listening
How to be an effective Listener

Note-making Team Work Team building exercise
Q&A
Basic Communication Skills Profile

________________________________________________
Communication Order Learned
Extent Used
Extent Taught
____________________________________________ Listening Speaking Reading Writing First Second Third Fourth First Second Third Fourth Fourth Third Second First
Meaning
Listening Is With The Mind Hearing With The Senses Listening Is Conscious. An Active Process Of Eliciting Information Ideas, Attitudes And Emotions Interpersonal, Oral Exchange
Fallacies about Listening
Listening is not my problem! Listening and hearing are the same Good readers are good listeners Smarter people are better listeners Listening improves with age
Learning not to listen Thinking about what we are going to say rather than listening to a speaker Talking when we should be listening Hearing what we expect to hear rather than what is actually said Not paying attention ( preoccupation, prejudice, self-centeredness, stero-type)
Listening skills are difficult to learn

Stages of the Listening Process
Hearing Focusing on the message Comprehending and interpreting Analyzing and Evaluating Responding Remembering
Types of Listening
Informative Listening
Vocabulary
Concentration Memory
Relationship Listening
Attending
Supporting Empathizing
Appreciative Listening
Presentation
Perception Previous experience

Types of Listening (Cont.)

Critical Listening
Ethos Logos
Pathos
Discriminative Listening
Hearing Ability Awareness of Sound Structure
Integration of non-verbal cues
Barriers to Active Listening
Environmental barriers Physiological barriers Psychological barriers

Selective Listening Negative Listening Attitudes Personal Reactions Poor Motivation
How to Be an Effective Listener

What You Think about Listening ?
Understand the complexities of listening
Prepare to listen
Adjust to the situation Focus on ideas or key points Capitalize on the speed differential Organize material for learning
How to Be an Effective Listener (cont.)
What You Feel about Listening ?

Want to listen Delay judgment Admit your biases Dont tune out dry subjects
Accept responsibility for understanding

Encourage others to talk
How to Be an Effective Listener (cont.)
What You Do about Listening ?

Establish eye contact with the speaker
Take notes effectively

Be a physically involved listener Avoid negative mannerisms Exercise your listening muscles Follow the Golden Rule
Improving Listening Comprehension

Listening comprehension is the act of understanding an oral message
It involves speech decoding, comprehending, and oral discourse analysis
Speech Decoding
Sound Perception and Recognition
(Recognising sounds and sound patterns accurately, recognising the way sounds combine to form syllables and utterances)
Speech Decoding (Cont..)
Word recognition
( Recognising words accurately, understanding the definitions of the words being use, recognising the way words are used un context, identifying attention signals)
Speech Decoding (Cont..)
Accent recognition
( recognise stress, identify pauses, hesitations )
Comprehending
Comprehending a verbal message involves the ability to:

Identify the central theme, main ideas and supporting details; Concentrate and understand long speeches Identify the level of formality Deduce incomplete information Deduce unfamiliar vocabulary
Oral Discourse Analysis
Is the process of identifying relationships among different units within the speech or oral message:
Critical skills Attitude analysis Inferential skills
Listening to structured talks
Pre-listening analysis-determining the purpose, knowing your speaker

Predicting about the content of a verbal message Using background knowledge Intensive listening
Intensive Listening
1. Listening to the introduction?

What is the position, knowledge, background, experience of the speaker? What is his credibility? What is the overall purpose of the talk? What is the central idea or theme?
What is the overall structure?

What does the speaker intend to do? What are the main points of the talk?
Intensive listening (Cont)

2. Listening to the Body
Contains the main message-pay attention Concentrate on verbal signposts Recognise main supporting details of the oral message Concentrate on visual aids
Intensive Listening ( Cont..)
3. Listening to the conclusion

Understand the main themes of the verbal message Recognise the speaker`s focus of the talk Concentrate on what the speaker wants the listener`s to do, or remember
Signal Phrases
Purpose of the speaker * Introduces a topic * Develops an idea Signal phrases Today, I`d like to talk about, What I am going to discuss is If we critically examine the situation.., The most significant point is I am sure you will agree with me.., I`d like to emphasise..
* Emphasises a point
* Contrasts several ideas

* Shows transition of ideas * Concludes
On the other hand., In contrast,

My next point is Finally.., I`d like to sum up
Logical Connectors and Transitional Signals

Purpose of the speaker Logical connectors
Adds a point
Moreover, in addition
compares contrasts
Similarly, likewise In contrast, However,
Shows segmentation
Exemplifies Temporal Explains
Right, OK, And, Now, That`s all

In other words, For instance Eventually, For the time being, Before Therefore, Thus
Effective Note Making

Note making is essential in college:
For lectures, which are a highly condensed methods of passing on information
For reading, because what you don't write down, you don't remember
Effective Note Making (Cont.)
Note making is a skill:

Most people feel deficient
It can be learned
This takes understanding of what you're doing It takes practice, which involves effort
Five purposes for note making:
Provides a written record for review Provides a definite, limited learning task Forces you to pay attention Requires organization, and active effort on the part of the listener Listener must condense and rephrase, which aids understanding
Sequence
Listen and focus on meaning Evaluate what is being said Is it relevant to your purpose? What are the high points? Record the information Make use of it
Physical factors
Seating
Near the front and center - easier to see and hear Avoid distractions - doorways, windows, glare; friends, foes
Materials
Loose leaf notebook: lies flat - organization and additions are easier Two pens, wide-lined, easy-eye paper; use dividers
Course, date, and topic clearly labeled
Before taking notes - PREVIEW

Prepare yourself mentally - What do you need to get out of this?
Review notes from last time and homework. Nail your attention down tight. Review the outline from your reading assignment Think through what has happened in the class to date Generate enthusiasm and interest
Increased knowledge results in increased interest A clear sense of purpose on your part will make the course content more relevant Acting as if you are interested can help
Don't let the personality or mannerisms of a speaker put you off
Be ready to understand and remember Anticipate the next step and compare what you've guessed with what happens
Get Involved!
Tune-in, look, listen for clues:
Tone or gesture of Professor Repetition; cue words: "remember!"

Notice what conflicts with your current opinions
They are harder to understand and remember

Keep thinking...
Look for emerging patterns
Write questions in margins to be answered later
While taking notes

Don't try for a verbatim transcript Get all of the main ideas Record some details. illustrations, implications, etc.
Leave plenty of wide space for later additions - underscore or star major points Note speaker's organization of material

Organization aids memory Organization indicates gaps when they occur - you fill in later Listen carefully to what is being said Pay attention to qualifying words like: sometimes, usually, rarely, etc. Notice signals that a change of direction is coming: but, however, on the other hand
Be accurate
While taking notes (Cont.)

Be an aggressive, not a passive, listener
Jot
Do
questions in your notes

you believe what you're hearing? What do you believe? out meanings. Look for implications beyond what is being the material to your other classes and your life outside of
Seek
said.
Relate
school.
Develop a shorthand of your own

Jot
down words or phrases; use contractions and abbreviations out small service words, use symbols: +, =,&, ~)
Leave You
Try to get the hang of listening and writing at the same time. It can be done
may practice listening to the news on TV and taking notes

POST VIEW: Don't move - go over notes at once!

Review and reword them as soon after class as possible
Build Don't
review time into your schedule just recopy or type without thought incomplete or skimpy parts in greater detail with another student to compare notes
Rewrite Fill
in gaps as you remember points heard but not recorded answers to any questions remaining unanswered
Arrange Find
Write
a brief summary of the class session

several generalized test questions based on the material
Formulate
POST VIEW: Don't move - go over notes at once! (Cont.)

Use your notes as a learning tool
Review We
at spaced intervals it is more effective than the same effort spent cramming forget 50% of what we hear immediately, two days later, another 25% is gone.
But
relearning is rapid if regular review is used.
Compare Don't Build
the information in your notes with your own experience - don't swallow everything uncritically reject what seems strange or incorrect. Check it out. Be willing to hold some seeming inconsistencies in your mind over a period of time. a good "thought map" of the ideas. Explain it to anyone who'll listen. that which must be memorized.
Memorize
THE TEN COMMANDMENTS KEITH DAVIS
Stop Talking.
Put The Talker At Ease. Show Him That You Want To Listen. Remove Distractions. Empathize With Him.
Be Patient.
Hold Your Temper. Go Easy On Arguments And Criticism. Ask Questions.
Stop Talking!
TEAM WORK
Understand the team concept. Open lines of communication as a foundation.
Sharpen communication techniques and skills.

Learn techniques for building a better team.
Program Objectives (2 of 2)
Understand your style and role as a team leader. Sharpen your teams goal setting, motivation and output/performance. Understand team members and team dynamics.
Practice, discuss, and problem solve.
Team Exercise
STRAWS
What Is A Team?
According to Webster's Ninth Edition:
A team is a number of persons associated together in work or activity: as a group on one side (as in football or debate).
In other words, when one person cannot accomplish a job alone and several individuals must cooperate to fulfill a mission, you need a team. The better the cooperation, communication, and coordination among team members, the more efficient the team.
Common Need
The overriding need of all people working for the same organization: to make the organization profitable.
Conceptions of Team (1 of 3)
The Athletic Perspective: Here, team connotes winning and losing. In an athletic arena, winning is the ultimate goal.
The Power of Two:

Here, teamimplies partnership. This includes both business and personal partnerships such as marriage.
Circumstantial: Here, team simply means any group in the same place at the same time. For example, in this context a company in general or all the managers in an organization could be considered a team.
The Community Approach: Here, a team is a group of individuals that share, collaborate, and assist one another. The group usually includes about 20 individuals. Members look to their peers for support. This type of team leads to workplace success!
Why Teams Work (1 of 10)

Teams initiate change. Often those at the top of the organization are challenged by what changes are necessary within an organization. Teams provide a valuable source of feedback.

Teams are natural problem solving devices. A team setting opens up new communication lines. Because of the necessity of communication within a team, members encounter problems and challenges in early stages and are able to head them off with greater efficiency and success.

Teams are collections of the organizations best assets.
Each team member has specific talents. By combining individuals in team fashion, all of these talents are joined to work toward a common goal.
Thank You

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GROUP SKILLS

2009 IBM Corporation

How to be an effective Listener

2009 IBM Corporation

Basic Communication Skills Profile

Communication Order Learned

2009 IBM Corporation

2009 IBM Corporation

Fallacies about Listening

Listening skills are difficult to learn

Stages of the Listening Process

2009 IBM Corporation

Perception Previous experience

Types of Listening (Cont.)

Integration of non-verbal cues

2009 IBM Corporation

Barriers to Active Listening

Environmental barriers Physiological barriers Psychological barriers

Selective Listening Negative Listening Attitudes Personal Reactions Poor Motivation

2009 IBM Corporation

How to Be an Effective Listener

2009 IBM Corporation

How to Be an Effective Listener (cont.)

What You Feel about Listening ?

Accept responsibility for understanding

2009 IBM Corporation

How to Be an Effective Listener (cont.)

What You Do about Listening ?

Take notes effectively

2009 IBM Corporation

Improving Listening Comprehension

2009 IBM Corporation

Sound Perception and Recognition

2009 IBM Corporation

Speech Decoding (Cont..)

2009 IBM Corporation

Speech Decoding (Cont..)

2009 IBM Corporation

Comprehending a verbal message involves the ability to:

Oral Discourse Analysis

2009 IBM Corporation

Listening to structured talks

Pre-listening analysis-determining the purpose, knowing your speaker

2009 IBM Corporation

1. Listening to the introduction?

What is the overall structure?

Intensive listening (Cont)

2009 IBM Corporation

Intensive Listening ( Cont..)

3. Listening to the conclusion

2009 IBM Corporation

* Contrasts several ideas

On the other hand., In contrast,

2009 IBM Corporation

Logical Connectors and Transitional Signals

Similarly, likewise In contrast, However,

Right, OK, And, Now, That`s all

2009 IBM Corporation

Effective Note Making

2009 IBM Corporation

Effective Note Making (Cont.)

Note making is a skill:

2009 IBM Corporation

Listening Skills & Team Work

Listening Skills & Team Work