JCM

Job Characteristics Model

Job Characteristics Model

the Job Characteristics Model, which is widely used
as a framework to study how particular job characteristics impact on job outcomes, including job satisfaction. The model states that there are five core job characteristics (skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback) which impact three critical psychological states (experienced meaningfulness, experienced responsibility for outcomes, and knowledge of the actual results), in turn influencing work outcomes (job satisfaction, absenteeism, work motivation, etc.).

Job Characteristics Model

Job Analysis Methods

Job Analysis Methods

Observation
Work Sampling Diary/Log

Interviewing

Questionnaires

Specialized Job Analysis Methods

PAQ MPDQ

Computerized Job Analysis

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Behavioral Aspects of Job Analysis

Inflation of Jobs and Titles

Behavioral Aspects of Job Analysis

Managerial Anxieties (Straitjacket)

Current Incumbent Emphasis

Employee Fears and Anxieties

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Determining Job Requirements Nature of:

Basis for: Job Analysis
What employee does Why employee does it How employee does it Determining job requirements

Job Description
Summary statement of the job List of essential functions of the job Employee orientation Employee instruction Disciplinary action

Job Specification
Personal qualifications required in terms of skills, education and experience Recruitment Selection Development

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What is a Job?
Job
A group of related activities and duties
Job

Position
The different duties and responsibilities performed by only one employee
Job

Job

Job

Job Family
A group of individual jobs with similar characteristics
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Model of job satisfaction

Affect Theory Edwin A. Lockes Range of Affect Theory (1976) what one wants in a job and what one has in a job.

Factors that influence job satisfaction

Environmental factors Emotions

Example Job Description and Specification

Job Title: Accounts Payable and Payroll Accountant
Job Description: Business Partner with Accounts Payable and Payroll Departments to develop expense forecasts and commentary; prepare accounts payable and payroll shared services; ensure inputs are posted weekly, perform account analysis/reconciliations of cash, liability and employee loan accounts, submit routine reports to Corporate; identify and implement process improvements relative to all responsibilities listed above Job Specification: BS degree in accounting or finance, 2+ years of accounting or finance experience, sound knowledge of integral accounts payable and general ledger systems, working knowledge of Hyperion Software, good communication skills, able to work independently at off-site location

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Job Design Factors

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