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    Devendra Sharma
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    Sewage is mostly liquid containing a small percentage of solid matter like organic matter and sediments. Sewers are generally designed as open channels using empirical formulas like Chezy's, Manning's, and Hazen-Williams to calculate flow velocity. The minimum self-cleansing velocity to prevent sediment deposition depends on particle characteristics. Circular sewers are most commonly used due to their efficient shape and cost effectiveness. Common sewer materials include bricks, concrete, asbestos, clay, cast iron, steel, and plastic. Proper sewer installation involves setting the center line, excavating trenches, laying and joining pipes, testing for obstructions, and backfilling. Safety equipment is needed when working in sewers due to gas and contamin

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    Sewage is mostly liquid containing a small percentage of solid matter like organic matter and sediments. Sewers are generally designed as open channels using empirical formulas like Chezy's, Manning's, and Hazen-Williams to calculate flow velocity. The minimum self-cleansing velocity to prevent sediment deposition depends on particle characteristics. Circular sewers are most commonly used due to their efficient shape and cost effectiveness. Common sewer materials include bricks, concrete, asbestos, clay, cast iron, steel, and plastic. Proper sewer installation involves setting the center line, excavating trenches, laying and joining pipes, testing for obstructions, and backfilling. Safety equipment is needed when working in sewers due to gas and contamin

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    431 views14 pages

    Sewer Design

    Uploaded by

    Devendra Sharma
    Sewage is mostly liquid containing a small percentage of solid matter like organic matter and sediments. Sewers are generally designed as open channels using empirical formulas like Chezy's, Manning's, and Hazen-Williams to calculate flow velocity. The minimum self-cleansing velocity to prevent sediment deposition depends on particle characteristics. Circular sewers are most commonly used due to their efficient shape and cost effectiveness. Common sewer materials include bricks, concrete, asbestos, clay, cast iron, steel, and plastic. Proper sewer installation involves setting the center line, excavating trenches, laying and joining pipes, testing for obstructions, and backfilling. Safety equipment is needed when working in sewers due to gas and contamin

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 14

    A Presentation on Sewer design

    What is sewage ?
    Sewage

    is mostly liquid, containing a very little percentage (about 0.1%) of solid matter. Solid matter can be in form of organic matter,sediments ,minerals,etc.

    Hydraulic design of sewers


    1.

    Sewers are generally design as open channels. The following empirical formulas are used for sewer design -: Chezys Formula-: V=C(RS)^0.5 where-: C=chezys coefficient,depends upon shape,size ,roughness of sewer,etc.

    2.

    Mannings formula-: V=1/n*R^(2/3)*S^(1/2). The Value of mannings coefficient n varies from 0.01 to 0.05 depending upon material of sewer line. By comparing chezys & manning fomula C=1/n*(R^1/6)

    HazenWilliams

    formula -:

    V=0.85*H*(R^0.63)*(S^0.50). The value of H varies from 100 to 150 depending upon sewer lines material.

    Minimum Velocity
    Minimum

    or self cleansing velocity is the minimum velocity required to prevent deposition & clogingg of sediments. It depends upon the shape,size & sp.gravity of particles. Required at least once in a day. V=1/n*R(1/6)*{B(g-1)d}^0.5 B- const. depends upon charcteristics of sediments ,varied from 0.04 to 0.80.

    Forms of sewer
    1.Circular Sewers-: Mostly used, of dia. Upto 1.5m. Because a) Circular section has least perimeter & max. R for given area so it is most efficient. b) It requires Min. quantity of material,so it is economical too. c) Having uniform curvature hence prevents the possibility of Deposition.

    2.Non circular sewer

    Rectangular

    Horse-shoe

    U-shape

    Parabolic

    Materials used for sewer


    Bricks.

    Cement

    concrete. Asbestos concrete. Vitrified clay. Cast iron. Steel . Plastic.

    Laying of sewers
    1.Setting out centre line. 2.Alignment & gradient of sewers. 3.Excavation of trenches,timbering & dewatering. 4.Laying & jointing of pipe sewers. 5.Testing of pipe sewers. 6.Backfilling of trenches.

    Testing of pipe sewers


    1.Test for straightness & obstruction. 2.Water test. 3.Air test. 4.Smoke test.

    Crown Corrosion
    H2SO4 Drops
    Air H2S

    Cement concret pipes Wastewater

    1. Ventilating Sewers. 2. Sewers to full run. 3. Pretreatment to reduce sulphate. 4. Prohibit entry of sulphides 5.Aeration&Chlorination 6 Neutralisation of sulphides by chemical.

    Safety equipments
    Gas

    mask. Breathing apparatus. Portable lighting equipment. Nonsparking tools. Air blowers. Safety belts. Inhalators. Divers suit.

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