ADVANCED COMPOSITE

Introduction
Carbon fiber-reinforced carbon also known as

CFRC composite
Commonly used in aerospace equipment Very expensive
CRFC plate

General Properties
High strength Low density

Low coefficient of
thermal expansion High modulus of elasticity
CRFC plate

General Properties
Extreme heat resistance (2000C) Relatively high thermal conductivity

Not prone to thermal shock

Major drawback low oxidation resistance above 482C which can be countered thru protection coatings Like all composite materials, CFRC composites

tend to be anisotropic

General Properties*
Property Density (kg/m^3) Flexural strength (MPa) Compressive strength (MPa) Tensile strength (MPa) Elastic modulus (GPa) Flexural elastic modulus (GPa) Thermal conductivity (W/m*K) Thermal expansion, 20-1000C (1\C) Electric resistivity, 25C (Ohm*m) Value (perpendicular) 1.49 x 10^3 170 Value (parallel) 1.49 x 10^3 134 133 100 32 0.5 x 10^-6 34 x 10^-6

63 7 7 x 10^-6 -

* Properties of bi-directional fibers (cloth) CFRC composites

Structure* Matrix - Carbon (graphite) Reinforcement - Carbon fiber

*FTW! @_@

The 3 Types
Depends on the orientation of the reinforcement (carbon fiber)

The 3 Types
Unidirectional - one direction of carbon fiber reinforcement, highly anisotropic

Bi-directional - two directions of carbon fiber

reinforcement (carbon fiber cloth) Multi-directional many directions of carbon fiber reinforcement, mechanical properties are enhanced in the direction of fibers

Fabrication
Liquid Phase Infiltration Chemical Vapor Deposition

Liquid Phase Infiltration

Preparation of carbon fiber into desired shape Infiltration of preform with liquid precursor

Pyrolysis/carbonization
Graphitization

Infiltration
The interaction between the molten matrix and the fibers

Pyrolysis/Carbonization
Chemical decomposition by heat w/o Oxygen

Graphitization
Conversion of amorphous carbon into graphite Increases elastic modulus and strength

Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)

Preparation of carbon fiber into desired shape Densification by CVD

Pyrolysis/carbonization
Graphitization

Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)

Infiltration of preform with hydrocarbon gas i.e. propane, methane, propylene

@ 2773 K

Applications
Space Shuttle parts High performance braking system

Components for nuclear applications

Hot-pressed dies Heating elements Turbojet engine SGL Group cash cow :D

Space Shuttle parts

Airplane break discs

Hot-pressed dies

Heating Elements

Turbojet engine

C
Carbon is Future