1.2.

6 Fraction , decimals
and percentage
Fraction
Fraction
4 Key vocabulary
1. Cancel, convert, decimal,
2. denominator, equivalent fraction,
3. fraction, improper fraction, lowest terms,
4. mixed number, numerator, proper
5. fraction, recurring decimal,
6. simplest form, terminating decimal,
7. unit fraction
Fraction

4 Find some more real-life fraction
facts.
4 Eg:
1. Ninety seven hundredths of water
on earth is in the ocean
2. Four out of five teenagers worry
about exams

The history of fractions
4 Found by an Egyptian priest called
Ahmes in his famous document
Rhind Papyrus.
4 It is entitled, Directions for knowing
all dark things the oldest book on
mathematics in the world.
4 Using the fractions with unity 1 as a
numerator.

The writing of fractions
4 Ahmes Papyrus
[ as
as

So represent as [

This is called
hieroglyphics
4 Babylonians
- fractions with 60
as the denominator

So represent as

4 Romans
- express as
twelfths
- represent as
3
2
4
3
1111

4
3
60
45
4
3
12
9
Different Ways to Represent a Fraction
4 A fraction disc


8
3
A fraction strip
8
3
A fraction number line
1/8 2/8
3/8
8/8
=1
0
Types of Fractions
(a) Proper Fractions
= numerator is less than denominator

4 Example:

three sevenths
7
3
numerator
denominator
Types of Fractions
(b) Unit fractions have numerator 1
4 Eg; ., , U are unit fractions

4 This 8 x 3 rectangles is divided into three
parts





Write the fractions for difference color of
parts.


Blue is
.
Red is
Yellow is
Types of Fractions
(c) Improper Fractions
= numerator is equal to or greater
than the denominator
Example:




3
5
5
5
Five third five fifths
Types of Fractions
(d) A mixed number
= a whole number(exept zero) and
fraction part

4 Example:



5
2
3
Three and two fifths
Types of Fractions
(e) Equivalent fractions
= same value but expressed in
different numerators and
denominators
4 Example:




10
5
8
4
4
2
2
1
One number as a fraction of another
4 A fraction is in its lowest terms if the
numerator and denominator have no
common factors
4 We cancel a fraction to its lowest terms
by dividing the numerator and
denominator by the highest common
factor
4 Eg:
=
20
15
4 Example:
(a) Write 43 centimetres as a fraction
of a metre.
(b) A small serving of toasted muesli
has 120 Calories. A small serving of
light toasted muesli has 100
Calories. What fraction of 120 is
100?
(c) In Safwans class, 18 pupils had
brothers and six had no brothers.
What fraction had brothers?
Fraction and decimals
4 To convert a decimal to a fraction
write it with denominator 10, 100,
or 1000.
Example:
(a) 0.54 (b) 0.839 (c) 0.6

Solution:
(a) 27/50 (b) 839/1000 (c) 3/5
Fraction and decimals
4 Fractions convert to either a
terminating or a recurring decimal.
4 0.625 and 6.4 are terminating
decimals because they end and have
a finite number of digits.
4 A recurring decimals has one or
more digits that repeat
eg: 1/3 = 0.3333
2/3 = o.6666
3/11 = 0.272727
Fraction and decimals
4 To write a fraction as a decimal we can;
1. Use known facts
Eg: 3/5 = 3 x 1/5 = 3 x 0.2

2. Make the denominator 10 or 100
Eg: 7/25 = 28/100 = 0.28

3. Divide the numerator by the denominator
Eg: 4/7

4. Use a calculator
Eg: 36/42
Comparing fractions
4 (a) A diagram is a good way to
compare fractions





4 From the diagram;
. > > > _ > > : > l
Comparing fractions
4 (b) We can also divide lines of the
same length into parts
4 Eg: 3/8 and 3/5




From the diagram;
3/5 > 3/8
Comparing fractions
4 (c) We can also compare fractions by
converting them to decimals.
4 Eg: Compare and 5/7

Solution: = 0.75
5/7 = 0.71

0.75 > 0.71
> 5/7
Adding and subtracting fractions
(a)We can add and subtract simple
fractions mentally
4 Eg: 1. . +
2. _ +
3. . + l

4 Solution: 1.
2. 11/30
3. 5/8
Adding and subtracting fractions
(b) Its easy to add and subtract when
the denominators are the same
4 Eg: 1. +
2. _ +
3. - l

Solution: 1. 4/4 = 1
2. 5/5 = 1
3. 4/8 =


Adding and subtracting fractions
4 (c) We add and subtract fractions
with different denominators using
equivalent fractions.
4 Eg: 1. 1/3 + 5/6
2. 7/8

4 Solution: 1. 9/6
2. 5/8
Multiplying of Fractions
4 Remember of 16 = x 16 = 16 4
4 Eg: 1. x 6
2. x 25
3. x 24

4 Solution: 1. 9/2
2. 20
3. 15

Dividing an integer by a fraction

4 2 means ?
4 How many s are there in 2 ?

4 The answer is 6.

4 We could write this as 2 = x

Dividing an integer by a fraction

(a) Each circle has been divided into
fourths.
4 How could we use this to find the answer
to 4 ?
4 Discuss.

Dividing an integer by a fraction

(b) How would you divide this rumbus to
help you find the answer to 3 ?





Discuss.

Dividing an integer by a fraction