A Presentation on Torque Transducers

By 1. Vishal Dwivedi 2. Sounak Mojumder

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What is Torque?
twisting or turning force about an axis, that can be applied in a clockwise or counter-clockwise direction.

Torque is given as : T= F.D where, T= torque, F= force, D= 3/13/12 perpendicular distance from

Why measure Torque?

Applications for torque sensors include

determining the power motor, turbine, or other device

of an engine, rotating

stress and deflection analysis Determining the performance characteristics of machines

Measurement Analysis:

Dynamic measurement of torque transmitted by a

rotating shaft is
3/13/12 based upon the angular displacement or twist in

Rotating Torque Transducers

If a shaft is loaded under torsion, it twists to an angle, proportional to the torque. This angle can be measured with an angle measuring system

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Bonded strain gauge technology Four strain gauges are bonded

Strain Gauge Torque Transducers

Use of Wheatstone bridge configuration

Temperature compensation components included within the bridge circuitry.

an excitation voltage is applied to the bridge an electrical output linearly proportionate to that torque.

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Strain Gauge Torque Transducers Contd

The gauges should be so mounted that they give maximum sensitivity to the strains produced by torsion.

for a shaft subjected to pure torsion, the gauges will be strained in the directions of their major axis if they are mounted at 450 to the axis of the shaft.
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Strain Gauge Torque Transducers Contd Slip Rings are the conducting rings attached to the shaft, but insulated from it. Each slip ring is

connected to each of the bridge terminals. Rubbing

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contact

is the

made

between

Strain Gauge Torque Transducers Contd ADVANTAGES:

1. It is fully temperature compensated. 2. It provides automatic compensation for bending and axial loads. 3. It gives the maximum sensitivity for a given torque.
DISADVANTAGE: 3/13/12

Inductive Torque Transducer Inductive transducers are mainly used for measurement of displacement Working Principle change of change of production mutual self of eddy inductance inductanc currents Principle based on Change of Self Inductance: Self inductance of e coil a L= N2 / S, Where, N = no. of turns ; S = reluctance of the magnetic circuit. S = l/A 3/13/12 Therefore, L = {N2 A / l} = N2 G.

Inductive Torque Transducer Contd

Flange A carries a coil and flange B, an iron core. This core moves in and out of the coil Inductance of the coil is altered on account of relative displacement.

The coil is used as an arm of an a.c. bridge. upon The the output of the a.c. bridge depends
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Magnetostrictive Transducers
The wiedemann magnetostriction effect for the measurement of torque causes changes in the permeability of the materials subjected to tensile or compressive stresses.

The permeability increases under tensile stress and decreases under compressive stress. Working Principle: Two A.C. energized primary coils wound on iron cores, are positioned close to the shaft so that their flux path through the material of the shaft 3/13/12 coincide with the

Magnetostrictive Transducers Contd When there is no loading on the shaft, the permeability of the shaft is uniform and equal but opposite voltages are induced in the secondary coils S1 and S2. The bridge is initially balanced. But when the torque is applied the bridge becomes unbalanced on account of increase in 3/13/12

Proximity Torque Transducers The rotating shaft torque is determined by measuring the angular displacement between the two sections of a rotating shaft. Construction and Working:

It consist of two identical toothed-wheels fixed on a shaft. Two proximity sensors

(magnetic pickups) are placed one at each wheel.

When the shaft rotates due to the applied torque, the tooth of
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Modern Rotating Torque Transducers

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Applications:
1.

Automotive & Motorsport Aircraft Component Testing & Development Engine Test Stands Marine Production Process Monitoring Pump Development Steel Manufacturing Torque & Power Measurement on Drive Shafts Torque Wrench & Tool Testing / Calibration

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Thank you

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