FLOORING SYSTEMS:

WOOD / TIMBER
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FLOORING SYSTEM
-is the general term for a permanent covering of afloor or for the work of installing such a floor covering -are horizontal planes that must support both live loads people ,furnishing and movable equipment and dead loadsthe weight of the floor construction ,itself. -must transfer their load horizontally across space to either beams and columns or to loadbearing walls. Rigid floor planes can also be designed to serve as horizontal diaphragms that act as thin, Wide beams in transferring lateral forces to shear walls. -is composed of a series of linear beams and joists overlaid with a plane of sheathing or decking , or consist of a nearly homogenous of reinforced concrete.

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FLOORING SYSTEM

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FLOORING SYSTEM
3 TYPES OF FLOORING SYSTEM:

1. Wood / Timber 2. Concrete

3. Steel

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TYPES OF WOODS
Softwoods originate from coniferous trees (also known as evergreens, or gymnosperms). Rather than losing their leaves all at one time, they tend to shed their leaves (which resemble and are called "needles") throughout the year and bear cones.

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TYPES OF WOODS
Hardwoods, on the other hand, come from deciduous trees which lose their leaves throughout the year and produce seeds covered with some kind of covering (sometimes a fruit or nut).

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-is any product manufactured fromtimberthat is designed for use asflooring, either structural or aesthetic.

WOOD / TIMBER FLOORING

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WOOD / TIMBER FLOORING

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WOOD / TIMBER FLOORING

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1.

PRIMARY FORMS OF WOOD FLOORING PLANK

- is a piece oftimber, flat, elongated and rectangular, with parallel faces, higher or longer than wide, used in the construction ofships,houses, bridges, etc... - Usually from sawn timber, more than 38mm thick, and generally wider than 63mm

2. PARQUET - is a geometricmosaicofwoodpieces used for

decorative effect. The two main uses of parquetry are as veneer patterns on furniture and block patterns forflooring.

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PRIMARY FORMS OF WOOD FLOORING 1.PLANK

2.PARQUET

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1.SOLID -Solid hardwood floors were originally used for structural purposes, being

installed perpendicular to the wooden support beams of a building Known as bearers and joists. Modern construction techniques rarely use bearers and joists for the subfloor construction with most homes built being of a concrete slab basis with a wood building frame, solid hardwood floors are used almost exclusively for their appearance. For flooring, solid wood has natural characteristics. Hardwoods are hygroscopic that means they acquire and lose moisture due to the ambient conditions around them. Typically, 100mm thick boards are the largest that can be manufactured from solid wood without compromising the structure of the flooring (some manufacturers produce wider boards using proprietary milling techniques). For contemporary construction techniques, the most significant characteristic of solid wood floors is that they are able to be installed over concrete slab - the battening system having the least maintenance.

2 TYPES OF WOOD/TIMBER FLOORING

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1.ENGINEERED -Engineered wood flooring is composed of two or more layers of wood in

the form of a plank. The top layer is the wood that is visible when the flooring is installed, and is adhered to the core (or substrate) which provides the stability. Laminate, vinyl andveneerfloors are often confused with engineered wood floors - laminate uses an image of wood on its surface, vinyl is plastic formed to look like wood, and veneer uses a thin layer of wood with a core that could be one of a number of different composite wood products (most commonly, high density fibreboard). Engineered wood is the most common type of wood flooring used globally. North America is the only continent that has a larger solid wood market than engineered, although engineered wood is quickly catching up in market share.

2 TYPES OF WOOD/TIMBER FLOORING

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2 TYPES OF WOOD/TIMBER FLOORING

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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

SOLID WOOD PLANKS WOOD PUTTY PNEUMATIC FLOOR NAILER DRILL WITH DRILL BITS HAMMER NAILSET AND NAIL CIRCULAR SAW / MITER SAW TABLE SAW PRY BAR SPACERS PENCIL TAPE MEASURE DEAD BLOW HAMMER NYLON TAPPING BLOCK UTILITY KNIFE SAFETY GLASSES , DUST MASK AND KNEE PADS

TOOLS NEEDED IN WOOD/TIMBER FLOORING

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1.Nail Down Instructions

METHODS IN WOOD/TIMBER FLOORING

This type of method is used primarily when installing a solid wood floor. Since solid wood floors are usually thicker, they need to be nailed in order to stay in place properly. As we discussed in our article titled Solid or Engineered Flooring, which is right for me, solid wood flooring has a tendency to expand and contract more than engineered flooring. With that in mind, using a glue down method would prove to be a huge mistake with a solid floor. There are some exceptions to this rule. One such exception would be the Natural Reflections series by Bruce. While most solid wood floors are 3/4" thick, this product comes 5/16" thick. Since the product is much thinner than a conventional solid wood floor, you experience less expansion and contraction. This product can be stapled or glued down. Nowadays, most consumers are getting away from the solid wood flooring in favor of the engineered products because of their superior stability. There are some situations however, where the solid wood flooring might be beneficial. One such application might be if you have existing solid wood floors in certain areas of your home, and you want to extend that flooring into other areas. As we mentioned previously, if you would like to learn more about solid wood floors versus engineered, read our article titled Solid or Engineered Flooring, which is right for me.

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2.Staple Down Installations

METHODS IN WOOD/TIMBER FLOORING

This installation method has become more popular since engineered wood flooring has grown in popularity. This installation method is mainly used with engineered plank or strip wood floors over a plywood or wood sub-floor. Certain wood floors require specific types of staple sizes. It is recommended that you find out what type of staples are required for the series of flooring you have selected. The staple down method has been proven to be a good choice for certain product lines.

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3.Glue Down Installations

METHODS IN WOOD/TIMBER FLOORING

This installation method is most common when installing an engineered strip or plank wood floor over a concrete sub-floor. If done properly, a glue down installation is a very stable one. A lot of people with plywood sub-floors have also learned that a glue down installation can also be beneficial. The reason being is that it can be quieter than a staple down install with less creaking when the floors expands and contracts. One major drawback to the glue down installation can be the evenness of the sub-floor, or correct sub-floor preparation. If you install an engineered wood floor using the glue down installation method, and your sub-floor is not flat, you are asking for some serious future problems. One of those problems will be something known as "popping". This is where the bond of the glue breaks loose in a low spot of the floor, and that section is no longer attached to the sub-floor. Another problem can be improper bonding. This is usually caused when the sub-floor was not cleaned properly and the glue you are spreading on the floor is actually being spread over the dust and/or dirt. This can also cause the bond to be broken. Yet another problem with this installation method is the use of a non-approved floating or flashing compound. I know I probably just lost you so let me explain. If your sub-floor is not even, you will need to use a cement type compound to flash or float that area in order to make it flat in preparation for the wood floor installation. After you install a wood floor using the manufacturers' recommended adhesive, that adhesive has a tendency to shrink and pull the wood floor tighter down to the sub-floor. If the correct flashing or floating compound is not used, when the adhesive shrinks, it can literally rip the compound right off the floor, leaving you3/12/12 with a section or sections that is not bounded.

4. Free-Float Installations

METHODS IN WOOD/TIMBER FLOORING

This installation method has grown tremendously in popularity over the last few years. It has become known as one of the most stable and forgiving installation methods available. The reason this installation method is so stable, is because it is not attached to the sub-floor whatsoever. The free-float installation method is most common with products known as engineered longstrip wood floors. This product type is somewhat of a panel system. Most products in this category come in boards approximately 8" by 96", and may vary in size depending on the manufacturer. Here's what makes this product, and the way it's installed so unique. These products are installed by first laying down an underlayment, usually foam or a plastic and foam combination, and then the wood flooring is laid on top of that underlayment, a bead of water based glue is applied to the tongue and groove per the manufacturers' instructions, the boards are tapped together using a tapping block, and the excess glue is wiped off with a damp cloth.

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