STUDY OF EUV SPECTRA FROM AL X- PINCH AND WIRE ARRAY IMPLOSIONS PRODUCED ON THE 1 MA ZEBRA AT UNR

P.G. Wilcox, A. S. Safronova, V. L. Kantsyrev, U. I. Safronova, K. Williamson University of Nevada, Reno, NV USA K. Struve, B. Jones, C. Deeney*, P.D. LePell** Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM USA

HEDP Summer School 2007 , 29 July-4 Aug. , UCSD San Diego ,CA

ABSTRACT
It is well known that implosions of X-pinches and wire arrays produce powerful laboratory x-ray sources. X-ray spectroscopy is a very useful tool for diagnostics of X- and Z-pinch plasmas at stagnation while EUV spectroscopy seems to be an appropriate tool of diagnosing the plasma before and after the stagnation. Though x-ray spectra that characterize the stagnating plasmas are intensively used for X- and Z-pinch plasma diagnostics the EUV spectra are not yet studied in detail. In the present work a collection of EUV spectra from implosions of very different X- and Z-pinch loads on the 1MA Zebra generator at UNR is presented for the first time. Specifically, the loads were Al X - pinches, cylindrical wire arrays (with a small portion of NaF coating), and planar wire arrays ( see [1-2] for the details of the experiments). Non-LTE kinetic model of Al that was recently used to model X-ray Kshell Al spectra from the planar wire arrays[3] was applied here to calibrate and identify the EUV spectra. Preliminary plasma parameters were computed. Similar and different features of the EUV spectra from the above-mentioned loads were identified and analyzed. Future work is discussed.

Kinetics Modeling
The kinetics modeling of Al spectra depends on the plasma conditions (parameters Te , Ne). The atomic dataset was generated for the new Al model and used as an input to SCRAM ( non-LTE collisional radiative kinetics code [4] )to model the Z-pinches spectra[3]. It includes the ground states of all ions from neutral to bare nucleus. Energy level structures and complete radiative and collisional coupling data are calculated by the FAC atomic structure code [5]. The levels are fully coupled by radiative decay and radiative recombination, collisional excitation and ionization, Auger decay and their reverse rates. All collisional rates are calculated by integrating collision cross sections over a Maxwellian electron distribution function.

Aluminum kinetics model

Bare
n = 2- 6 n = 2- 7 n = 2- 3 n = 2- 4 n = 2- 3 n = 2- 3 n = 2- 3 n =2- 3

H-like
(36 levels)

He-like
(178 levels)

Li-like

Be-like

(153levels) (98 levels)

B-like
(15 lev.)

C-like
(41lev.)

N-like (70 lev.) O-like

(85 lev.)

Collisional ionization, three-body recombination, & radiative recombination Radiative decay, collisional excitation & de-excitation Auger decay & dielectronic recombination

F-like Ne-like Na-like Al -like

(4lev.) (37lev.) (60lev.)

Mg-like
(35lev.)

(5 lev.)

Atomic data is generated using the FAC atomic structure package developed by M.F. Gu[5]

The X- and Z-pinch loads used in experiments on 1 MA Zebraat UNR

Al X-pinches with 2 and 4 wires from Al 5056 (95% Al and 5% Mg) and Al 1100 (99% Al) alloys Cylindrical wire arrays with NaF coating Planar wire arrays

Shot #

Load

Material

432

X pinch,2w

Al(1100)

468

X pinch,4w Cylindrical Array, 8w

Al(5056) Al(5056) + 5 %NaF

785

796

Planar Array, 10w

Al(5056)

787

Cyl.Arr.,8w

Al(5056) + 5 %NaF

X-Pinch and Planar Array

Modeling of EUV spectra from different Aluminum Ionization Stages

(Te = 200ev , Ne = 10 cm-3)
1.0
1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

Intensity

Al-V,200ev,d20 Al-VI Al-VIII

0.8

0.6

Al-IX , 200 ev , d20 Al-VI Al-VII AL-X

0.4

0.2

0.2

0.0

0.0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300

0
1.0

50

100

150

200
0

250

300

Lambda

Wavelength,A

1.0 0.8 0.8 0.6

1.0

I,au

Al-IX,200ev,d20,0-70A
0.4

Al,X,0-70A,200ev,20
0.6

0.8

0.6

Al-XI ,200ev,0-70A,d20

0.4 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0 10 20 30 40

0

I,au

0.4

0.2

0.0 0 10 20 30 40 50
0

50

60

70

80 0 10 20 30 40
0

Wavelength,A

50

60

70

80

60

70

80

Wavelength,A

Wavelength,A

Modeling of EUV spectra from Aluminum VI-XI

(Te = 50ev ,100ev ; Ne=10 cm-3)
1.0 1.0

0.8

0.8

Intensity,au

Intensity,au

0.6

Al,VI,50ev,d20,0-100A Al,VII,50ev,d20,0-100A Al,VIII,50ev,d20,0-100A

0.6

0.4

0.4

Al,IX,50ev,d20,0-100A Al,X, 50ev,d20,0-100A Al,XI,50ev,d20,0-100A

0.2

0.2

0.0 0 20 40 60
0

0.0 80 100 0 20 40 60
o

80

100

Wavelength,A
1.0

lenght,A

1.0

0.8

0.8

Intensity,au

0.6

Intensity,au

0.4

Al,VI,100ev,d20 ,0-100A Al,VII,100ev,d20 ,0-100A Al,VIII,100ev,d20 ,0-100A

0.6

0.4

Al,IX,100ev,d20 ,0-100A Al,X,100ev,d20 ,0-100A Al,XI,100ev,d20 ,0-100A

0.2

0.2

0.0 0 20 40 60
0

0.0 80 100 0 20 40 60
0

80

100

Wavelength,A

Wavelength,A

Modeling of Ionization Stages in Aluminum

= 150ev ,200ev ; Ne = 10 cm-3 )
1.0
1.0

(Te

0.8

0.8

0.6

Al,VI,150ev,d20.0-300 Al,VII,150ev,d20.0-300 Al,VIII,150ev,d20.0-300

0.6

Al,IX,150ev,d20.0-300 Al,X,150ev,d20.0-300 Al,XI,150ev,d20.0-300

I
0.4

0.4

0.2

0.2

0.0 0 50 100 150 200

0

0.0
250 300

50

100

150

200
0

250

300

Wavelength,A

Wavelength,A
1.0

1.0

0.8

0.8

Intensity,au

0.4

Al,VI,200ev,d20,0-100A Al,VII,200ev,d20,0-100A Al,VIII,200ev,d20,0-100A

Intensity,au

0.6

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.2

Al,IX,200ev,d20,0-100A Al,X,200ev,d20,0-100A Al,XI,200ev,d20,0-100A

0.0 0 20 40 60
0

0.0 80 100 0 20 40 60
0

80

100

Wavelength,A

Wavelength,A

References for the Indentification

6. R. Kelly,Atomic and Ionic Spectrum Lines below 2000 ,Vol. 16 (1987) 7. NIST -- http://physics.nist.gov/asd3. 8. Non-LTE Al modeling 9. A.Shevelko,L.Shmaenok et al, Physica Scripta,vol. 57, pp 276 282 (1998).

10. S.Hoory,U.Feldman at al,Journal of the Optical Society of America, vol.60, #11 (1970) 11. R. Stuik , PhD Thesis , Tech. University, Eindhoven, The Netherlands

Al EUV spectrum from Sparky *

104 A Al VI
200 180 160 140

Sparky

Itn ,u nsa ei t y

120 100 80 60 40 20 0

39.6 A Al X

50

100

150
0

200

250

300

Wavelength,A

* For details about UNR table-top Z-pinch & laser plasma facility see [12]

Al EUV ( Sparky) line identification

88 A Al VI

104 A Al VI

107A Al VI

78 A Al VIII
200 180 160 140

126 A Al V
Sparky

I t nt , u n sy e i a

120 100 80 60 40 20 0

39.6 A Al X

50

100

150
0

200

250

300

Wavelength,A

Al EUV ( Sparky) line identification

___________________________________________________________ Al IX, X I III

_____________________________________________________ Al VIII II I

______________________________________________________ Al V , VI
200 180 160

II

II
Sparky

It s,u n i a et n y

140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 50 100 150

0

200

250

300

Wavelength,A

List of the Identified Lines

AL X
2s2p 2p4p 2s2p 2s3d

Ref.
6,7,8,9,10 6,7,8,9,10

AL VI
2s2p4 - 2s2p3d 2s2p4 - 2s2p3s

Ref.
6,7,8,9,11 6,7,8,9,11

AL IX
2s2p - 2s2p3d
6,7,8,9

Al V
2s2p5 - 2s2p4(D)3s
6,7,11 6,7,11

AL VIII
2s2p 2s 2p3d 2s2p 2s2p3s
6,7,8,9 6,7,8,9

2s2p5 - 2s2p4(3P)3s

Comparison and Identification

of the

Al EUV Zebra Shots

Sparky

_Wavelength, A_ Al V,VI ,VIII Zebra 796

(Pl.Ar.,10w)

50 ________100_A_____150________200_________>

I I I

II

II

Sparky

_Wavelength, A____50_________100_A__________150 ________________> I I I I II II Al V,VI ,VIII Zebra 787

(Cyl.Arr.,8w)

Zebra 432
(X,2w)

Zebra 796
(Pl.Ar.,10w)

_Wavelength, A___ Al V,VI ,VIII

__50_______100_A______150 ____________>

I I I

II

II

Zebra 796
(Pl.Ar.,10w)

_Wavelength, A________50________100_A______150_______> Al V,VI ,VIII I I I I II II

Zebra 785
(Cyl.Arr.,8w)

Zebra 796
(Pl.Ar.,10w)

Wavelength, A_50_______100_A______150____________> Al V,VI ,VIII I I I I II II Zebra 787

(Cyl.Arr.,8w)

Conclusions
 Non - LTE kinetic model of Al is used to model EUV Al spectra.  Preliminary plasma parameters (Te =200ev, Ne=10 cm-3) are computed.  The different spectral features of EUV spectra from the Aluminum loads in experiments on Zebra are identified and analyzed .  Predominantly low ionization stages that we found in Zebra shots indicate relatively lower Te than on Sparky.  Higher ionization stages lines are widely broadened due to the increased number of collisions in denser Zebra plasma ( in comparison with Sparky).

Future Work

1.Modification of the model to include high Rydberg states for Li~, B~, and C~ Aluminum. 2.Modeling of EUV spectra from Zebra and analysis of plasma parameters with connection to the type of load. 3. Analysis of EUV spectra from wire Z- and X- pinch loads.

References and Acknowledgments

1. V.L. Kantsyrev, A. S. Safronova et al, IEEE transactions on plasma science , vol. 34, No.2 (Apr. 2006). 2. B. Jones, C. Deeny, V.Kantsyrev et al, ICOPS 2006, CP808. 3. A.S.Safronova, V.L. Kantsyrev et al , HEDP 3(2007) pp.237-2415 4. S.B. Hansen. PhD Dissertation, University of Nevada,Reno (2003). 5. M.F. Gu. , AIP conference proceedings; 730: 127 (2004). 6. R. Kelly,Atomic and Ionic Spectrum Lines below 2000 ,Vol. 16 (1987) 7. NIST -- http://physics.nist.gov/asd3. 8. Non-LTE Al modeling 9. A.Shevelko,L.Shmaenok et al, Physica Scripta,vol. 57, pp 276 282 (1998). 10.S.Hoory,U.Feldman at al,Journal of the Optical Society of America, vol.60, #11 (1970) 11. R. Stuik , PhD Thesis , Tech. University, Eindhoven, The Netherlands 12. V.L. Kantsyrev, D. A. Fedin et al,Proc. of SPIE, vol. 59180W, pp. 1-7 ( 2005).

* This work was supported by NNSA under DOE Cooperative Agreements DE-FC52-06NA27588, DE-FC5206NA27586,and DE-FC52-06NA27616. Sandia is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC04- 94AL85000 .