Environmental Awareness & ISO 14001

Introduction
objectives
to raise awareness to highlight your role and responsibilities to inform and enable to achieve business objectives

Awareness
the importance of conformance with the environmental policy and procedures and with the requirements of the environmental management system the significant environmental impacts, actual or potential, of your work activities and the environmental benefits of improved personal performance

Awareness
your roles and responsibilities in achieving conformance with the requirements of the environmental management system, including emergency preparedness and response requirements the potential consequences of departure from specified operating procedures

Definition
What is the environment?

surroundings (from within an organisation to the global system) in which an organisation operates, including air, water, land, natural resources, flora, fauna, humans and their interrelation
ISO 14001

moral imperatives
environmental degradation

human condition

environment condition

human existence?

Growing concern
population growth economic growth technological development human development (equality and equity)

A way of life that bases itself on materialism, i.e. on permanent, limitless expansionism in a finite environment, cannot last long, and .. its life expectancy is the shorter the more successfully it pursues its expansionist objectives.

Technological disasters
Technological
Windscale 1957 (39 official fatalities) Flixborough 1974 (28 fatalities) Sveso 1976 Bhopal 1984 (2,352 official fatalities) Chernobyl 1986 Exxon Valdez 1989

Natural
earthquakes (Tangshan China 1976- 242,000 fatalities) tropical Storms (Galveston, Texas 1900 - 6,000 fatalities)

Emerging trends
1900 1950 1990

Population (billions)

1.6

2.5

5.3

Gross world product 0.6 (trillion 1980 $)

2.9

18.4

Fossil fuel consump. 1 (billion TEC)

12

Time Earth history as a calendar year

If the Earth is one year old today, how long ago did the following emerge: earliest life? primitive mammals? dinosaurs extinct? modern man? Industrial Revolution? = 2 months ago = 2 weeks ago = 1 week ago = 5 minutes ago = 1.5 seconds ago

InterInter-relationships
technological development economic growth human development

environmental impact

InterInter-relationships
human development economic growth sustainable development technological environmental development impact

Sustainable development
Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. (WCED 1987).

Earth Summit 1992

attended by 178 governments Rio Declaration Agenda 21/Local Agenda 21

Sustainable development
Sustainable development is difficult to define. (UK Government 1994) Sustainable development is a very simple idea .. (that) is about ensuring a better quality of life for everyone, now and for future generations to come. (UK Government 1998)

Sustainable development 18 headline indicators

Meeting four objectives at the same time:
social progress which recognises the needs of everyone effective protection of the environment prudent use of natural resources; and maintenance of high and stable levels of economic growth and employment

InterInter-relationships
economic growth social progress

human development economic growth

sustainable development

technological environmental development impact

prudent use of resources

environment protection

Sustainable development the triple bottom line

environmental performance social performance

sustainable development economic performance

Business has three basic issues to face: what it takes, what it makes and what it wastes, and the three are intimately connected (Hawken 1993)

Environmental impact categories

climate change/greenhouse effect/global warming ozone depletion acid rain and acidification resource depletion waste

Environmental impact categories (2)

local air quality smog water pollution surface and ground ecotoxicity soil contamination, loss of biodiversity, species and/or habitat human toxicity noise and nuisance

Moral imperative - summary

environmental degradation is ubiquitous affects human development (current and future), including adversely affecting health element of irreversibility international attention and participation

The Sustainability Link

The Earth Is One System

The Sustainability Link

Security, Quality of Life, and Global Sustainability are all linked.

A Global Perspective

life supporting resources

declining
consumption of life supporting resources

rising

A Global Perspective: The Champagne Glass Reality

The richest 1% of the worlds people receive as much income as the poorest 57%

A Global Perspective: The Champagne Glass Reality

Private consumption (expenditures)

86%
Top 1/5

Bottom 1/5

1.3%

Why? - summary

82% 6%

moral imperative stakeholder demands business reasons CE

11% 1%

Material Flows
In cyclical natural systems, waste does not exist. Waste = Food.

Linear Industrial Processes: Waste is created faster than it can be reconstituted to quality resources. Take-make-waste.
Raw Materials Manufacturing Process 6% Product 80% of products discarded after 94% Waste single use

1st Era COMPLIANCE

2nd Era BEYOND COMPLIANCE

3rd Era ECOEFFICIENCY

4th Era SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Industrys Sustainability Learning Curve

Design for Sustainability, Biomimicry. Evolutionary Learning Natural Capitalism Integrated Management Systems Environmental Cost Accounting Product Stewardship TQEM / Environmental Management Systems
Stakeholder Participation

Pollution Prevention / Waste Minimization Pollution Control / Compliance CORPORATE RESPONSE INDUSTRY GOALS Before 1970s Unprepared None 1970s Reactive Regulatory Standards 1980s Anticipatory Cost Avoidance Impact Reduction
Pre-emption of Regulation Leadership Legitimacy Protection Partnerships Competitive Edge

1990s Proactive Profit Centre Approach

Eco- efficiency Dematerialization Strategic Environmental Management

2000s High Integration Explicit Mainstreaming of

Environmental Goals Environmental Cost Mgmt. Resource Productivity Products of Service Culture Change

Strategy for Action

Every initiative is checked against three questions: 1. Are we moving towards our sustainability objectives? 2. Are we creating a flexible platform for further improvements? 3. Are we earning an adequate rate of return?

Stages of Learning
Unconscious Competence Conscious Competence
You learn and know more. Mastery increases. Move from discomfort to increasing levels of comfort. Mastery. Change becomes second nature, part of organizational DNA. New practice becomes the way you do business. Comfortable state

Conscious Incompetence Unconscious Incompetence

Dont know what you dont know. Comfortable state Know there is a great deal you dont know. Uncomfortable state Denial, resistance

The Process Looks Like This

Rate of Adoption of an Innovation Over Time

Why Environmental Management?

 Modern businesses operate in markets characterised by a growing awareness of wider sustainability issues, such as the environment and its protection.  Environmental credentials therefore play a part in customer loyalty.  Environmental regulations are getting stricter, and so is enforcement.  Fines and Penalties associated with non-compliance are escalating rapidly.

Why Environmental Management?

 Cutting waste and using natural resources more efficiently have been proven to reduce costs and boost profits.  Banks, stock exchanges and insurers are taking a closer look at the environmental risks of companies seeking credit, investment or insurance.  There is a growing interest in investing in environmentally responsible companies and non polluting technologies.

Why Environmental Management?

 The public is using its buying power to encourage business towards fulfilling environmental and social responsibilities.  Environmental credibility is becoming a factor in national and international competitiveness.  Implementation of an Environmental Management System can facilitate progress towards increased competitiveness through measurement & innovation, leading to increased profit, more efficient processes, reduced and liabilities and an improved image.

ISO 14001

 This is the international standard for Environmental Management Systems (EMS).  Based on the two concepts of continual improvement and regulatory compliance, the standard contains the core elements for an effective EMS and can be applied to any type of organisation in any industry sector.  It requires an evaluation of your significant environmental aspects and sets requirements for the planning, implementation, operation and review of your environmental management system, based on these aspects.

ISO 14001
The success of an EMS depends on commitment from all levels and functions of the organisation, especially from top management. The system should embrace a wide range of activities and includes the following:

Review, evaluate and improve the system

POLICY

In order to ensure legal compliance and continual improvement:  Identify significant environmental aspects and legal requirements  Set environmental objectives, targets and programmes

CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT

Define and implement management activities to control environmental aspects:  Establish the environmental organisation  Implement training, awareness and communication procedures

Measure & monitor environmental & system performance

 Establish and control management system documentation  Implement procedures to control operations  Be prepared for emergencies

The BMS Solution

Components
             Hazards Impact Assessment Stakeholders Permits Waste Management Rehabilitation Planning Risk Assessment Monitoring Importing Production Data Incident Management Automated for regulatory bodies Greenhouse Gas Management KPIs

Processing

Reporting

Environmental Management Systems



A management tool to enable organisations of any size or type to control the impact of their activities, products and services on the environment. Provides a structured approach to setting environmental objectives & targets, and demonstrating that they have been achieved.

The Benefits of EMSs

          

assuring customers of commitment to demonstrable environmental management maintaining good public / community relations satisfying investor criteria and improving access to capital more favourable insurance costs enhancing image and market share improving cost control reducing incidents that result in liability demonstrating reasonable care conserving raw materials and energy improving industry-government / regulatory relations ..good for the environment!!!

ISO14001 - Environmental management system model for the international standard

Environmental Policy Continual improvement Planning Environmental aspects Legal and other requirements Objectives and targets Environmental management programmes Implementation and Operation Structure and responsibility Training, awareness and competence Communication EMS documentation Document control Operational control Emergency preparedness and response

Management Review

Checking and Corrective Action Monitoring and measurement Non-conformance and corrective and preventative action Records EMS audits

ISO 14001
Fundamental requirements Plan, Do, Check and Act to ensure:
  

compliance with environmental regulations (and other requirements such as business / trade) continual improvement in environmental performance prevention of pollution

Key points to begin

Get management commitment . without senior management support implementation will be difficult Obtain a copy of the ISO 14001 standard Get a copy of ISO 14004 - this provides further guidance on the standard Think about who your accredited assessors will be (R-R used their QMS assessors) Think about timescale . set a completion date . if you dont, experience shows it doesnt happen! Set up an ISO 14001 team / committee (including management) Appoint responsibilities for implementation across the business the nominated (HS&) E person cannot do it alone!!

ISO 14001 requirements

The following slides (numbered in line with the standard's clauses) provide a basic outline of ISO 14001 requirements and the type of actions necessary to achieve certification Read them in conjunction with the ISO 14001 standard

ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
 

Defined / signed by SENIOR MANAGEMENT APPROPRIATE to the nature of your business (i.e. dont
talk about reducing your chemical use if you dont really use any)

     

Commit to CONTINUAL IMPROVEMENT in the EMS & hence performance Commit to PREVENTION OF POLLUTION (i.e. be proactive) Commit to LEGAL compliance Provide direction for OBJECTIVES AND TARGETS Be DOCUMENTED AVAILABLE TO INTERESTED PARTIES especially all employees, as well as external bodies

PLANNING
   

ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS LEGAL AND OTHER REQUIREMENTS OBJECTIVES AND TARGETS ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME(S)

ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS
  

This is one of the key clauses of the standard You must undertake an assessment to identify your SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS & IMPACTS In simple terms what are the most important effects your business activities have on the environment?

ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS
 

  

You must look all your ACTIVITIES, PRODUCTS & SERVICES i.e. not just what you do on site CONTROL & INFLUENCE e.g. you can influence contractors and suppliers in terms of how they manage environment Assess your aspects to identify which are SIGNIFICANT Ensure you consider these when setting OBJECTIVES Keep your assessments UP DATED

ISO 14001 - Aspects & Impacts (Definitions)

Environmental Aspect:
'an element of an organisation's activities, products or services that can interact with the environment'.

Environmental Impact:
'any change to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an organisation's activities, products or services'.

ISO 14001 - Environmental Aspects

The process to identify significant environmental aspects should, where relevant, consider:       emissions to air releases to water waste management contamination of land use of raw materials and natural resources other local environmental and community issues

ISO 14001 -Significant Impacts

Significant Impacts are likely to arise from the environmental aspects of any of the following:
Processes that:  are not prescribed processes but generate large quantities of emissions e.g. site boilers  require a large input of other resources e.g. electricity, water, raw material  are 'Prescribed Processes'  use large quantities of VOCs  generate 'hazardous' or 'special' wastes or large volumes of 'normal' controlled wastes  make consented discharges to sewers  make consented discharges to watercourses  are of significant concern to interested parties e.g. engine noise from test sites  involve operations where an incident could lead to effects beyond the site boundary

Environmental management system

The part of the overall management system that includes organisational structure, planning activities, responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and resources for developing, implementing, achieving, reviewing and maintaining the environmental policy. ISO 14001 clause 3.5 essentially, a systematic approach to managing an organisations environmental impacts in order to improve its environmental performance

Environmental management system ISO 14001

continual improvement management review environmental policy

DO

PLAN

ACT

checking and corrective action

planning
CHECK

implementation and operation

Basic elements of an EMS

environmental policy environmental aspects and impacts environmental objectives and targets environmental management programme review

Basic elements of an EMS

environmental policy environmental aspects and impacts environmental objectives and targets environmental management programme review

Basic elements of an EMS

environmental policy environmental aspects and impacts environmental objectives and targets environmental management programme review

Environmental aspects and impacts

environmental aspect - element of an organisations activities, products or services that can interact with the environment (ie inputs and outputs) environmental impact - any change to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an organisations environmental aspects cause and effect

Aspects and impacts

Activity

Aspect 1

Aspect 2

Impact 1

Impact 2

Impact 3

Impact 2

Impact 4

Impact 5

Example - aspects and impacts

paper electricity refreshments

briefing session preparation handouts delivery

paper waste packaging waste

impacts:
 climate change and resource depletion from electricity consumption  resource depletion from paper consumption and refreshments  waste burden

Register of Aspects and Impacts

ten activities, products and services defined 90 aspects ten impact categories 22 aspects defined as significant how do they relate to your activities?

Significance defined according to severity and scale

severe if :
legislated? stakeholder concern? media interest? global warming? local air quality? harm to human health?

Basic elements of an EMS

environmental policy environmental aspects and impacts environmental objectives and targets environmental management programme review

Register of applicable legislation

19 acts of parliament and one EC regulation (primary legislation) 29 UK regulations (secondary legislation) Environmental Protection Act 1990 - duty of care Road Vehicles (Construction and Use) Regulations 1986 (as amended)

Auditing
a systematic and documented verification process to objectively obtain and evaluate evidence to determine conformance to the audit criteria objective evidence non-conformance report (NCR) and corrective actions internal audit schedule external audits

Case study - Easter Island

the most remote island on the planet 160 sq Km discovered by 18th Century explorers with a population of around 2,000 scavenging and fighting each other for food 200 stone statues up to 10m high and weighing 82 tons carefully placed on coastline, 10Km from stone quarries 700 incomplete statues, up to 20m tall and weighing 270 tons, still in quarry How could such seemingly primitive people have carved, transported and erected such monuments?

Case study - answer

first inhabitants between 400 -700 AD lush sub-tropical forest birds, seals, fishes and porpoises population increased (up to 20,000 = pop. density of 125, cf. UK = 239 in 1995), providing abundance of labour for public works projects well organised, centrally governed, highly cooperative first statues built about 1200 -1500 AD

Case study answer (2)

deforestation began 800AD food shortages began about 1300AD onwards last large palm tree disappeared soon after 1400AD, leading to soil erosion, desiccation, reduced crop yield animals gradually driven to extinction human population severely reduced due to starvation and cannibalism!

Summary
EMS

ISO 14001 certification management commitment employee commitment

Summary - objectives
Why is conformance with the environmental policy and procedures and with the requirements of the environmental management system important?
legal compliance continual improvement certification!

Summary - objectives
What are the significant environmental impacts, actual or potential, of your work activities and the environmental benefits of improved personal performance?
climate change, local air quality, waste reduced emissions to air and waste

Summary - objectives
What are your roles and responsibilities in achieving conformance with the requirements of the environmental management system, including emergency preparedness and response requirements?
objectives and targets procedures everyone has a role and responsibilities

Summary - objectives
What are the potential consequences of departure from specified operating procedures?
breach of legislative requirements, prosecution? NCR, potential for non-certification failure to achieve objectives and targets environmental incident bad publicity?

LEGAL AND OTHER REQUIREMENTS

  

You must IDENTIFY & have ACCESS to all legal requirements LEGAL & OTHER requirements such as Corporate requirements or those put upon you by customers or trade organisations You must identify what is APPLICABLE to your operations, i.e. not just have a long list of ALL laws

Legislation
Typical items of law applying to companies in the UK are : Environmental Protection Act Special Waste Regulations Duty of Care Regulations Contaminated Land Regulations Control of pollution (Oil Storage) Regulations Water Resources Act Water Industry Act Pollution Prevention & Control Regulations

Who cares?
Environment Agency / SEPA (in the UK) Local Authority Water Companies Employees Stakeholders Board Neighbours Insurers

Who cares?

You could be shut down if not legally compliant ! If your suppliers are shut down .... you could lose your delivery ! If you lose your delivery . production can stop !

OBJECTIVES AND TARGETS

      

Must be DOCUMENTED Must relate to EACH FUNCTION / LEVEL of the organisation Ensure LEGAL REQUIREMENTS are taken into account Must relate to your SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS Can take into account available TECHNOLOGY / FINANCE Must consider INTERESTED PARTIES (e.g. persistent complaints) Be in line with your POLICY & PREVENTION OF POLLUTION

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME(S)

   

In order to ACHIEVE OBJECTIVES / TARGETS clear plans must be put in place These must state RESPONSIBILITY MEANS & TIMEFRAME Ensure NEW DEVELOPMENTS are written into plans

IMPLEMENTATION AND OPERATION

      

STRUCTURE AND RESPONSIBILITY TRAINING, AWARENESS AND COMPETENCE COMMUNICATION ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM DOCUMENTATION DOCUMENT CONTROL OPERATIONAL CONTROL EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE

STRUCTURE AND RESPONSIBILITY

   

ROLES, RESPONSIBILITIES, AUTHORITIES must be defined And DOCUMENTED Availability of RESOURCES (HUMAN, TECHNOLOGY, FINANCE) MANAGEMENT REPRESENTATIVE for the EMS IMPLEMENTATION & MAINTENANCE REPORTING must be identified (NOTE: they DONT do all the work!)

Impacts arise from a wide variety of jobs including:

 Designers / project development  Purchasers  Finance  Architects  Mergers etc.  Training  Shop floor  Maintenance/Facilities  General Office The whole life cycle of the product, manufacture, commissioning, use, disposal Impact of manufacture, materials Investment policy ethical investments? Building efficiency; impact from factory layout Liability of JV ; suitability of land Education of work force Waste, chemicals, processes Bunds, tanks, gardening Energy use, water use, waste segregation

 Public relations Company image

TRAINING, AWARENESS & COMPETENCE

 

  

TRAINING NEEDS must be identified Where SIGNIFICANT IMPACTs are involved specific training may be required (e.g. Forklift truck driver who needs spill kit training) The significance of POLICY / PROCEDURES must be understood ROLES / RESPONSIBILITIES defined The CONSEQUENCES of departing from procedures must be reinforced

ISO 14001 - What needs to be in place?

       

Policy awareness General knowledge about the environment and our contribution to local / global problems Knowledge of Operational Control Procedures & where to locate them An understanding of the consequences of departure from procedures Up to date log books & records What to do in an emergency Control of contractors! A Good Visual Appearance of the site!

Advantages of Certification

Provides a structured approach to managing environmental issues In general is an indicator that you are taking the environment seriously It is based on significance of aspects Looks further than just compliance(resource efficiency and design issues) Has delivered real improvements in environmental performance External recognition Overall it provides focuscompanies need to take the final exam