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Agenda
Introduction
GPRS/EGPRS
GPRS
A feature that makes it possible to send packet data over the GSM network GPRS uses two different coding schemes, CS1&2
CS3&4
A new feature should be supported and implemented in BSC ands BTS CS3&4 are only supported in downlink
Coding Schemes
Coding
Info.bits
C/I (dB) ~6
CS 1 CS 2 CS 3 CS 4
160
240 288
12.0 14.4
~9 ~12
400
20.0
~17
GPRS Ciphering
GSM Ciphering:
Between BTS & MS Just for voice
GPRS Ciphering:
Between SGSN & MS For signaling & user data because of no separated link for signaling and user data on Abis
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What is EDGE ?
EDGE is the next step in the evolution of GPRS. EDGE is a method to increase the data rates on the radio link for GSM The main advantage of EDGE is that it will offer higher data rates without fundamentally changing the hardware infrastructure
Uses 8-PSK modulation in good conditions Increase throughput by 3x (8-PSK 3 bits/symbol vs GMSK 1 bit/symbol)
Fall back to GMSK modulation when far from the base station
New handsets / terminal equipment; additional hardware in the BTS Core network and the rest remains the same
TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) frame structure 200kHz carrier bandwidth allows cell plans to remain
voice
voice
voice
voice
voice
GPRS
GPRS
GPRS
voice
voice
voice
voice
voice
Free TS
Free TS
EDGE
EDGE Transceiver
Increased Capacity
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Internet
GPRS
MS
GGSN
EDGE TRU
BTS
BSC/PCU
EDGE
MS
New Modulation
GPRS = EDGE
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GPRS Modulation Symbol rate Modulation bit rate Radio data rate per time slot User data rate per time slot User data rate (8 time slots) Radio data rate (8 TSs) GMSK 270 ksym/s 270 kb/s 22.8 kb/s 20kb/s (CS4) 160kb/s (182.4kb/s)
EDGE 8-PSK / GMSK 270 ksym/s 810 kb/s 69.2 kb/s 59,2 kb/s (MCS9) 473,6kb/s (553.6kb/s)
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40 44.8 30 20.0 14.4 12.0 10 0 CS1 CS2 CS3 CS4 8.0 8.8 MCS1 MCS2 MCS3 MCS4 MCS5 MCS6 MCS7 MCS8 MCS9 11.2 14.8 17.6 22.4 29.6
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GPRS
EGPRS
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C B A C B
8PSK GMSK
A B A A
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Payload Format
MCS-3 Fa mily A 37 octets 37 octets MCS-6 MCS-9 MCS-3 34+3 octets Fa mily A padding 34+3 octets 37 octets 37 octets
MCS-8
MCS-2 Fa mily B 28 octets 28 octets MCS-5 MCS-7 MCS-1 Fa mily C 22 octets 22 octets 28 octets 28 octets
MCS-4
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MS classes of operation
Class A mode of operation allows an MS to have a circuit switched connection at the same time as it is involved in a packet transfer.
Class B mode of operation allows a MS to be attached to both circuit switched and packet switched connections, but it can not use both services at the same time. However, MS that is involved in a packet transfer can receive a page for circuit switched traffic. The MS can then suspend the packet transfer for the duration of the circuit switched connection and afterwards resume the packet transfer. This requires the Gs interface between the MSC and SGSN to be present.
Class C mode of operation allows an MS only to be attached to one service at a time. An MS that only supports GPRS and not circuit switched traffic will always work in class C mode of operation.
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Network operation mode I: The network uses combined procedures. The MS needs only to monitor one common control channel, the CS common control channel or the PS common control channel.This mode requires the optional Gs interface between MSC and SGSN.
Network operation mode II: The network does not use combined procedures. All common control signaling, both for CS and PS connections, is performed over the CS common control channel. The Gs interface should not be present.
Network operation mode III: The network does not use combined procedures. All common control signaling for PS connections is performed over the PS common control channel, and all common control signaling for CS connections is performed over the CS common control channel. This require a class A or B MS to listen on two common control channels. The Gs interface should not be present.
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GPRS
How to upgrade a GSM network to GPRS? 1. For the BSS software upgrade hardware upgrade (PCU) 2. New GPRS support nodes (SGSN GGSN)
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Circuit Switched
Um Abis
TDM
Gb
IP
Gn Gi
Internet Corporate
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GPRS Structure
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Functions of SGSN?
The SGSN is the MSC of the GPRS network
At least one SGSN per GPRS network SGSN has the following functions: Protocol conversion between IP backbone and BSS protocols Authentication of GPRS users Mobility management of GPRS enabled MS Routing of data to the relevant GGSN Interaction with the NSS (MSC/VLR, HLR, EIR) via SS7 network Collection of charging data records pertaining to GPRS calls Collection of traffic statistics
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Functions of GGSN?
GGSN acts as a router to the external network GGSN has the following functions:
Routes mobile-destined packets coming from external networks to the relevant SGSN Routes packets originating from a mobile to the correct external Network Interfaces to external IP networks Collects charging data and traffic statistics Allocates dynamic or static IP addresses to mobiles either by itself or with the help of a DHCP or a RADIUS server
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BG
PLMN BG
PLMN GGSN
WAP
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GPRS charging data records (CDR) are generated by SGSNs and GGSNs in the network SGSN and GGSN transfer CDR using GTP The Charging Gateway
collects all this data together processes it passes it on to the Billing System
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