MODEL ANALYSIS

Model analysis is one of the essential diagnostic aids. Study models help us to visualise the patients occlusion from all aspects and also help us in making the necessary measurements of the teeth and the dental arches and basal bone. Model analysis involves the study of maxillary and mandibular arches in all three plane of space and is a valuable tool in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning.

Model analysis on Permanent dentition: Careys Analysis Ashley Howes Analysis Ponts Analysis Linder Harth Index Korkhaus Analysis Boltons Analysis Model analysis in Mixed dentition: Moyers Analysis Radiographic Method

Careys Analysis: C W CAREY 1949 This analysis helps us to find out the difference between the basal bone and the tooth material Usually done in mandibular arch, if it is done on maxillary arch it is called careys arch perimeter analysis. Determination of arch length : Measure arch perimeter using brass wire 0.012 inch from the mesiobuccal line angle of maxillary 1st molar and pass wire over the buccal cusps of premolars and then over the anterior teeth at ridge center where the mesial edges of the lower anterior teeth are normally found, then around the same course on the opposite side.

Determination of tooth material: Measure the mesio distal width of all the teeth from 2nd premolar on one side to 2nd premolars on contralateral side and sum it up. This gives us the tooth material or space required. Determination of discrepancy : Difference between the arch length and tooth material. Inference:

Ashley Howes Analysis : Howe considered tooth crowding to be due to deficiency in arch width rather than arch length. Determination of total tooth material (TTM): Tooth material equals the sum of the mesiodistal width of the teeth from the mesial to second permanent molar. Determination of premolar diameter (PMD): Premolar diameter (PMD) is the arch width measured at the tip of the buccal cusps of the one first premolar to that of the opposite. Determination of basal arch width(PMBAW): It is the measurement of the width from canine fossa of one side to the other , this gives us the width of dental arch at the apical base or the junction btw basal bone and alveolar bone. ( 8mm)

Inference : PMBAW and PMD are compared PMBAW > PMD Arch expansion is possible PMBAW < PMD- Arch expansion not possible According to howe , PMBAW should be 44% the sum of MD widths of all the teeth mesial to 2nd perm molar. Calculated using PMBAW% = PMBAW*100/TTM PMBAW % = 37% or less- need for extraction PMBAW % = 44% or more-without extraction PMBAW % = 37-44% , the case is referred to as borderline case.

Ponts Analysis: Pont in 1909 Method of predetermining an ideal arch width based on the mesiodistal width of the crowns of the maxillary incisors . Determination of sum of incisors ( S I): MD width of 4 maxillary incisors are summed up Determination of measured premolar value (MPV): Width of arch in premolar region from distal pit of one upper first premolar to the distal pit of the opposite first premolar Determination of measured molar value ( MMV): Width of arch in molar region from mesial pit of one upper first molar to the mesial pit of the opposite first molar.

Calculated Premolar value (CPV): = S.I * 100 80 Calculated Molar value (CMV): = S.I * 100 64 Inference : Measured value < calculated value > need for expansion Thus u can know how much expansion is needed in molar and premolar regions.

Linder Harth Index : Similar to ponts but with a new CPV S.I * 100 85 Korkhaus Analysis : Similar to ponts but uses linderharth formula , in addition to this it uses a line drawn from interpremolar line to a point in between the 2 maxillary incisors. If the distance is more there is proclination of upper anteriors If the distance is less there is retroclination of upper anteriors

Boltons Analysis : According to Wayne A Bolton, there exists a relation between maxillary and mandibular teeth. Many malocclusion occurs as a result of abnormalities in tooth size. This analysis helps in determining the disproportion in size between maxillary and mandibular teeth. Sum of mandibular 12 Sum of maxillary 12 Sum of mandibular 6 Sum of maxillary 6

Determination of overall ratio : Bolton says MD width of mandibular teeth anterior to 2nd permanent molar is 91.3% the MD width of maxillary teeth mesial to 2nd molar. Calculated by the formula : = Sum of Mandibular 12 * 100 Sum of Maxillary 12 If ratio is less than 91.3% it indicates max excess The amount of maxillary excess is calculated by Maxillary 12 Mandibular 12 * 100 91.3

If overall ratio is more than 91.3% , it indicates Mandibular tooth excess. The amount of Mandibular excess is calculated by Mandibular 12 Maxillary 12 * 91.3 100 Anterior ratio: sum of MD width should be 77.2 % Anterior ratio = Sum of Mandibular 6 * 100 Sum of Maxillary 6 < 77.2 % Maxillary anterior excess. Amount of excess determined by Maxillary 6 Mandibular 6 * 100 77.2 > 77.2% Mandibular anterior excess. Amount of excess determined by Mandibular 6 Maxillary 6 * 77.2 100

Moyers mixed dentition analysis: Purpose is to evaluate the amount of space for erupting permanent canines and premolars based on the sum of the width of four permanent lower incisors. Sum of lower incisors is measured and summed up. The distance between distal surface of lower lateral incisor to mesial surface of 1 perm molar is taken. Based on the values , the expected width of 3,4,5 can be predicted by Moyers probability chart.

Radiographic method of mixed dentition analysis : Uses radiograph and a study cast to determine the width of the unerupted teeth . The following formula is used to calculate the space analysis : Y1 = X1 * Y2 X2 Y1- Width of unerupted tooth whose mesurement is to be determined Y2- Width of unerupted tooth on the radiograph X1- Width of a tooth that has erupted measured on cast X2- Width of a tooth that has erupted measured on radiograph

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