Classes And Objects

Java is strictly an Object-Oriented Programming Language.

Java code Class Interface

Classes
Describe the objects attributes behaviors

Class is a description of an object.

Object is defined to be an instance of a class

An Object consists of attributes behaviors

An attribute is a feature of the object, something the object has.

A behavior is something the object does

Each attribute of an object is denoted as a field in the class

Each behavior of an object becomes a method in the class

Procedural Programming
Flowcharts Decomposition Procedures

Object-Oriented Programming
Classes Objects Inheritance Encapsulation Polymorphism

Payroll Program
Determining objects in problem Employees Company Payroll department more objects.

Employee Class
Attributes name address national id number Behaviors hours worked() pay()

Writing a Java class

class (keyword)
public class Employee {

Employee class
public class Employee { public String name; public String address; public String id; public double hPay; }

public class Employee { public String name; public String address; public String id; public double hPay; public void writeDetails { System.out.println(name + + id); } }

public class Employee { public String name; public String address; public String id; public double hPay; public double computePay { return hPay * 40; } }

public class Vehicle { int pasg; int fCap; int mpg; }

Creating Vehicle object

Vehicle jeep = new Vehicle();

Dot (.) operator

Object.member

Dot operator
jeep.fCap = 16;

Instantiating an Object
Vehicle jeep ;

jeep = new Vehicle() ;

Create an object in memory and returns a reference

reference jeep is pointing to the Vehicle object in memory

jeep.psg = 8 ; jeep.fCap = 24 ; Jeep.mpg = 44 ;

car.psg = 4 ; car.fCap = 18 ; car.mpg = 28 ;

Constructor
Initializes an object when its created. Has the same name as its class. Syntactically similar to a method. Has no explicit return type.

Give initial values to the instance variables. Perform startup procedures.

Constructor
All classes have constructors. Java automatically defines default constructor that initializes all member variables to zero.

Garbage Collection

Vehicle jeep = new Vehicle() Vehicle jeep = new Vehicle()

Vehicle jeep = new Vehicle()

Vehicle jeep = new Vehicle()

Vehicle j1 = new Vehicle();

Vehicle j2 = new Vehicle();

j1

j2

Vehicle j3 = j2;
j3

Vehicle j1 = new Vehicle();

Vehicle j2 = new Vehicle();

j1

j2

Vehicle j3 = j2;
j3

j1 = j2;

The finalize() Method

Called just before an objects final destruction by the garbage collector. protected void finalize() { // code }