What is it? Where does it come from? Why is it used? How can we prevent it?

What do we fear about Terrorism?

Definition of Terrorism
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Terrorism actually comes from the Latin Word Fear The Unlawful Use of Force Against Persons or Property to Intimidate or Coerce a Government, the Civilian Population, or Segment Thereof, in the Furtherance of Political or Social Objectives.(Source FBI)

FALLOUT SHELTER

Terrorism

Is an unlawful act of violence Intimidates governments or societies Goal is to achieve political, religious or ideological objectives

warfare seeks to conquer territories and capture cities; terrorism seeks to hurt a few people and to scare a lot of people in order to make a point

Terrorism Priorities

Today
Biological Conventional Weapons Dirty Bombs

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Property of Terrorism

Terrorism is different from regular crime because of its strong political properties The definition of terrorism can vary from people to people due to the differences in standpoint One persons terrorist can be anothers fighter

The Terrorist and their Thinking

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Fear always springs from ignorance.

Emerson, 1837

Modern History of Terrorism

Terrorism is Asymmetric Warfare. Asymmetric warfare is the use of apparently random/unpredictable violence by an weak military against a stronger military to gain advantage. (Allen, 1997). The key of Asymmetric warfare is using unexpected, unconventional tactics in combat (Craig, 1998).

Arthur H. Garrison

Terrorism conclusions

Terrorism is an ancient tactic. Terrorism is a mode of communication. Terrorism is a special type of violence and Asymmetrical warfare. Terrorism is used in times of peace, conflicts and war. Terrorism is designed to make a point, through psychological means, fear. Terrorism is a political act.
Arthur H. Garrison

Two Types of Groups

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Domestic/ National
International

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Terrorist Motives
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Ethnic Cleansing Damage Infrastructure Disrupt Normal Life Direct Kill of an Enemy

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Terrorist Motives
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Undermine Confidence In Government - Requires Media Coverage - Should effect as many people as possible - Must last long enough to overwhelm (NYC) Local resources Media audience - Usually directed towards injury fatality (International Terrorist)
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Target Selection
Based on:
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Motive
Type of Device Available Type of Deployment Method Available

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Thinking Outside the Box

They ARE!!

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Types of Terrorist Incidents

Four Primary Types for Emergency Services

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Terrorist Incidents
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Explosives and Arson Nuclear Materials Biological Agents Chemical Agents

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Explosives and Arson

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70% of Attacks Worldwide Maximizes Property Damage Target Individuals (Letter or Package Bombs) Destroy Building, Aircraft, Monuments, etc.. Large Devices, Truck or Car Bombs
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Suspicious Thing to Look for

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Operational Procedures for Terrorist Incidents

FACTORS FOR PREPARING
Common Weapons Stand-off Weapons Super Terrorism
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Operational Changes
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Emergency Services strategic thinker must be willing to think the unthinkable so that appropriate responses may be conceived. Do not overstate the threat.

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Training
Recruitment Instructors Sites Equipment

Terrorist Units and Cells: A Functional Approach

Funding
Sources: crime, harvesting Processing and management, Nation States

Logistics
Equipment & supplies Other essentials Sources

Operations
One-man Team Multilateral/ collaborative

Intelligence
Supplied Gathered Internet/other open source Information and politics

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Training
Recruitment Instructors Sites Equipment

Government Response to Terrorism: A Functional Approach

Funding
Sources: Federal, State and Local Taxes

Logistics
Equipment & supplies Other essentials Sources

Operations
One-man Team Multilateral/ collaborative

Intelligence
Supplied Gathered Internet/other open source Information and politics

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Terrorism and Weapons of Mass Destruction

Terrorist Targets and their Weapons
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Biological terrorism

Dispersal of microbes or their toxins to produce illness, death and terror The paths of infection can be contaminated water, food, air and packages. Microbes

Bacteria Viruses Toxins

Phillip L. Coule, M.D.

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Anatomy of a Bioterrorist Attack

Preparation 5 years

Terrorism takes much Time and planning

Execution 1 day Diagnosed case 3 days First Death

Multiple deaths

Nuclear Terrorism

Spreading of radioactive materials through ventilation system or explosion Disable nuclear reactor cooling system and cause leakage of radioactive materials Detonate a nuclear weapon No use of nuclear material for non-military terrorism has ever occurred

Common Weapons
Fertilizer Bombs Dynamite Semtex Automatic and Semi-automatic and Pistols remain the weapons of choice.

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Stand-Off Weapons
American Stinger Russian SA-7 Hand-Held Anti-Aircraft missiles US Army Light Anti-tank Weapon (LAW) Russian RPG-7 Anti-Tank Weapon And Increasing Bombing Technologies.

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Where is Terrorism Going?

The CYBER World

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HE IS!!!!!!!!!

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Prevention of Terrorism

Primary prevention:

Education!!! Understand the differences in cultures, religions, beliefs and human behaviors Think of the peace, freedom and equality of all human beings, not just my group of people Eliminate the root of terrorism

Prevention of Terrorism

Secondary prevention:

Establish surveillance and monitoring system on terrorism attack Improve protective system for citizens

Prevention of Terrorism

Tertiary prevention

Early detection of the sources Prevent the extension of impairments Rescue the survivors Console the rest of the population

Conclusion

Terrorism is unlawful act Terrorism has a long history of being used to achieve political, religious and ideological objectives Terrorism can be conducted through firearms, explosive devices and biological, chemical, nuclear materials Even through the events of 2001,the risk of dying from terrorism has remained much lower than that from motor vehicles, smoking, and alcoholic beverage.

The only thing we have to fear is fear itself. FDR, 1933

Fears are educated into us & can, if we wish, be educated out.