POPULATION

GCSE Guide

Aspects of Population Studies

Population Distribution
Global Country case studies (EU, MEDC, LEDC)

Population Change, Growth, measurement

Global Country case studies (MEDC, LEDC comparisons)

Population Structure
Country case studies

Population Distribution
Relief (topography)
climate

Factors affecting population distribution

vegetation access

work

resources

Densely populated
2.Gentle slopes 3.Good soil

Geography Population Places where people live

Sparsely populated
4.Poor water

Mountain Forest

supply
8. Steep slopes
Desert

River Valley

9. Few natural
resources 10. Dense forest

5.Many natural resources

Forest

River Valley

Mountain

Desert

Sparse population Dense in northern high population in latitudes Western Europe

Dense population in India & SE Asia

Dense population around edges of continents

Sparse population in central & west Australia & Northern Africa

Can you explain the global pattern of global population distribution?

1. Densely populated areas are found . This is because.. 2. Sparsely populated areas are found This is because..

World Population Growth

What is happening to the worlds population?

Look at the slides showing world population growth. 1. What is the global trend? 2. How many people are there in the world today? 3. How has the rate of growth altered since 1950? 4. What are the differences between the growth in MEDCs & LEDCs? 5. Can you see any similarities in the pattern between MEDCs & LEDCs? 6. When & at what number is the worlds population predicted to stop growing?

Dependency ratio
Number of Dependents Number of working population
High figures show more people depend on the workforce Low figures show less people depend on the workforce A ratio of 1 means every working person supports one other non-working person. What are the problems associated with a high, young dependent population? (LEDC) What are the problems associated with a high elderly dependent population? (MEDC)

Case Study Countries

EU: UK & France MEDC outside the EU: Japan LEDC: Brazil, China, India (Kerala)
You need to know: Population distribution Population structure Stage on the Demographic transition model & Trends Migration Policies

What should you do next?

For each case study
Annotate a simple outline map showing high, medium & low density population; explain why this is like it is. Draw a quick population pyramid & say what this shows What stage of the Demographic Transition Model is it? Annotate a map or describe migration within or into/out of the country Describe the concerns & the policies in place to deal with these Predict the future position concerns & solutions for that country

Population Distribution in Japan

Key:

1:
2: 3:

Population Distribution in Japan

Highest in Pacific Belt (Kansai Region); flat coastal plain, sheltered harbours, ports, access, industrial core. Lowest in land on high mountain ranges & in furthest islands, eg Hokkaido.

Population Distribution in Brazil:

Key:

1:
2: 3:

Population Distribution in Brazil

High Density in South East, & North East (coastal access, ports, flat plain, industry, climate) Lowest Density in tropical rainforest (climate, density of vegetation, poor access) Medium density in South-east hinterland (relief, resources, road access)

Population Distribution in France:

Key: 1: 2: 3:

Population Distribution in France

Concentrated in traditional industrial regions (access, resouces, industrial growth pole/core) Nord, pas de Calais, Isle de Paris Rhone Valley Lowest in steep mountainous regions (alpine climate, remote, poor access) Eg Massif Central Alps eg

Changing Population of Settlements

Growth:
In MEDCs:
Edge of city suburbanisation (Bradley Stoke), along transport routes (M32, Ring road) & in commuter towns (Nailsea, Long Ashton); regenerated city centres (Bristol City Docks)

In LEDCs:
Crowded city centres (Rocinca in Rio), edge of city slums (Mexico City), New growth areas (Barra in Rio)

Migration The movement of people

Reasons: Push Factors

Poor quality environment Lack of jobs Lack of opportunity Few facilities War / political unrest Lack of health care Loss of community personal

Pull Factors
Better quality environment (housing, water..) Job opportunities Many facilities ( eg education, leisure) Safety Good health care New community Desire for new start

Migration:Types of movement
Internal:
Rural to rural farm to village Rural to urban out of countryside, eg looking for work Urban to urban one city to another for job change or moving
house & commuting

Urban to rural people can travel to work, retire to the

countryside, work from home

International:
Emigrate move away from Immigrate move into Migrate - move

Population Policies
Chinas One Child Policy
Each family can have one child Tax incentives, help with education, creche support granny police watch over women at work Permits are given to have a child People have to pay back & get fined if they have more than one child