Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Two important features: 1. In-text citations within the body 2. References separate sheets at the end of the paper
Requires page numbers for direct quotations p. - single page pp. - more than one page
IN-TEXT CITATIONS
People from the Mediterranean prefer an elbow-to shoulder distance from each other (Morris, 2005). Morris (2003) notes that people from the Mediterranean prefer an elbow-to-shoulder distance from each other.
A recent report of reductions in SAD-related depression in 87 percent of patients (Binkley, 2001, p. 203) reverses the findings of earlier studies. Binkley (2001) reports reductions in SAD-related depression in 87 percent of patients (p. 203).
4. One Author
Pragmatics is concerned with the full complexity of linguistic behavior. From that perspective, there is no way of addressing, for instance, issues of cognition without taking society and culture into account, nor are there ways of addressing issues of culture abstracted from their cognitive underpinnings and implications (Coles, 1999).
5. Two Authors
It has been shown repeatedly in the literature that second language learners fail to achieve native communicative competence even at a rather advanced stage of learning (Krait & Cooper, 2001). Krait and Cooper (2001) cite that second language learners fail to achieve native communicative competence even at a rather advanced stage of learning.
The study of pragmatics explores the ability of language users to match utterances with contexts in which they are appropriate (Smith et al., 2005).
Cline (2001b) cites that second language learners often struggle to communicate appropriately, even when they have a high level of general language proficiency. Language learning methodologists and researchers in this field of study would be (Cline, 2001a, 2001c).
R.A. Smith (1997) and C. Smith (2003) both confirm these results. These results have been confirmed independently (C. Smith, 2003; R.A. Smith, 1997).
***If no author is named, write first few words of the title of the work.***
REFERENCE LIST
References
Title: Centered
References
prominent.
Example: BOOKS
Wood, P. (2007). Diversity: The invention of a concept. San Francisco: Encounter Books.
Shuter, R. (1999). A field study of non-verbal communication in Germany, Italy, and the United States. Communication Monographs, 44, 202-210.
Navera, D. Remembrance of things future: The mystery of time. The New York Times. Retrieved December 11, 2005, from http://www.nytimes.com ***Dont put a period after a URL.
Newton, I. (2003). Pink houses and family taverns. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Edin, K., & Litton, M. (2005). Promises I can keep: Why poor women put motherhood before marriage. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Gardner, H. (1999). Intelligence reframed: Multiple intelligences for the 21st century. New York: Basic Books.
***arrange references by the same author chronologically, with the earlier date of publication listed first
Boston Womens Health Collective. (1998). Our bodies, ourselves for the new century. New York: Simon & Schuster.
The Chicago manual of style (15th ed.). (2003). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Brown, M.I. (2002). Pragmatic competence and linguistic values (R.J. Dunn, Ed.). New York: Norton.
Christley, R. (Ed.). (2002). Artificial intelligence: Critical concepts (Vols. 1-4). London: Routledge.
Gibaldi, J.L. (2003). MLA handbook for writers of research papers (6th ed.). New York: Modern Language Association.
Purdy, A.O., & Ruppert, S. (Eds.). (2003). Nothing but the truth: An anthology of Native American literature. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall
Byers, F. (1998). The insurgence of television as a performance text. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Adler, L., & Johnson, W.I. (2005). The psychology of women. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 46, 361-364.
Higgins, E.A., & Fish, Y. (2006). Rethinking research writing: Public literacy in the composition classroom. WPA: Writing Program Administration, 26(3), 119-131.
*** Give the volume number, italicized with the journal title. Give the issue number in parentheses; dont italicize it and leave no space before it.
ONLINE SOURCES
Parrott, A.C. (2001). Does cigarette smoking cause stress? American Psychologist, 54, 817-820. Retrieved December 7,2005, from http://www.apa.org/journals/amp/amp5410817