DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : P. Purna Sekhar Rao
Designation : Sr. Lecturer in ECE
Branch : ECE
Institute : G.P.W, Nellore
Year / Sem. : III Sem.
Subject : ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS - I
Code No : EC- 302
Major Topic : Power Supplies
Duration : 50 Mins.
Sub Topic : RMS ,Average, Ripple factor and
efficiency OF FWRs
Teaching Aids : Diagrams

EC302.7 1
Objectives
Upon completion of this class the student will be able to
know

• Expressions for the following parameters of FWR

• RMS Value

• Average Value

• Ripple Factor and

• Efficiency

EC302.7 2
Introduction

1. What is the difference between AC and DC?

In AC amplitude and phase will change with time
In DC amplitude and phase will not change with time

2. Give the relation between RMS and maximum

value of a sine wave.

RMS Value  max imumValue

2
EC302.7 3
3. Give the average (dc) value of sine wave. ZERO

4. What is the relation between average value and

maximum value in a half wave rectifier?

maximum value
Average value 


EC302.7 4
5. What is ripple factor?

Ripple factor is a measure of purity of the DC output

of a rectifier

6. Define ripple factor of a rectifier?

RMS value of wave

Ripple factor  
average value

EC302.7 5
• What is meant by conversion efficiency η of a
rectifier circuit ?
It represents what percentage of ac input power is
converted in to useful dc output power.

8. Define efficiency of a rectifier?

dc power delivered to the load

Efficiency  
ac input power

EC302.7 6
RMS Value of FWR
iL  I m Sint
RMS value of the voltage at
the load resistance is
1  1 
Irms  i 2 d   t   I 2 Sin2td  t 
  L   m
0 0
 I m   1 COS 2t 
 2 
    d  t 
  
0 
 2 

 

 2 
 I m  t Sin2t
   
  

2 4
  0
Im 2  Im
 . 
 2 2
EC302.7 7
Average Value of FWR

Idc  1  iLd  t 
 
0

1
  I m Sintd  t 
 0
Im 
 Cost 0

Im
  1  1

2Im

 EC302.7 8
Ripple factor of FWR
2
 I rms 
   1
 I dc 
2
 Im 
 2 
   1
 2Im 
  
 

2
  
   1
 2 2

 0.482
EC302.7 9
Efficiency of FWR
Efficiency of the rectifier
dc output power

ac input power

The dc output power of FWR

Pdc  I dc2 RL
2
 2I m 
  RL
  
The ac input power of FWR
Pac  I rms
2
 rd  RL 
2
 Im 
   rd  RL 
 2
EC302.7 10
 Efficiency of the FWR
dc output power

ac input power
2
 2I m 
  RL 8 1
     2
2   rd 
 Im   1  
   rd  RL   R L 
 2
0.812

 rd 
 1 
 RL 
81.2
%  For ideal diode rd  0
 rd 
 1  then, efficiency   81.2
 R L 

EC302.7 11
Summary
Im
RMS Value of FWR   0.707 I m
2

2Im
dc Value of FWR   0.636 I m

Ripple factor of FWR  0.482
81.2
% Efficiency of for centre tapped FWR 
 rd 
 1 
 R L 

81.2
% Efficiency of for Bridge FWR 
 2rd 
 1 
 R L 

EC302.7 12
• For Ideal diode rd=0

• The efficiency of both Full wave Rectifiers =81.2%

EC302.7 13
Quiz

1. The ripple factor of a full wave rectifier

a) 0.48

b) 1.21

c) 1.1

d) none

EC302.7 14
2. The efficiency of a FWR (ideal diode) is

a) 40.6

b) 81.2

c) 121

d) 1.1

EC302.7 15
1. The average value of a FWR is ___ times
larger than that of HWR

a) 3

b) 4

c) 2

d) 10

EC302.7 16
4. RMS value of a FWR is .

a) 0.707 Im

b) 1.21Im

c) 2Im

d) 0.636Im

EC302.7 17
Frequently asked questions

1. Define ripple factor, dc value ,rms value and efficiency

for a rectifier circuit?
2. Derive expressions for rms and average values of FWR?
3. Derive expression for efficiency of a FWR?

EC302.7 18