Theme 4

Organizational Behaviour and Motivation

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Organization Behavior & Motivation

OBJECTIVES At the end of this session, students should be able to: discuss organizational behavior illustrate Maslows hierarchy of needs explain theories of motivation demonstrate skills for motivation

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Reference and Reading

Marquis,B.L.

& Huston,C.J. [2006] Leadership roles and management function in nursing: Theory and Application.[5thed]Philadelphia : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Tomey,A.M.[2004] Guide to Nursing Management and Leadership [7th ed] St Louis,Missouri.Mosby. Finkelman,A.W. [2006] Leadership and Management in Nursing Heidenthal.P.K.[2004]Essentials of Nursing Leadership and Management Yoder.P.S[2003]Leading and Managing in 5/1/12 Nursing

Organization Behaviour & Motivation

Organization A group of people who form a club or business In order to achieve a particular aim to work for Behaviour To do things in a particular wayconduct
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Organization behavior
Motives
Makes

a person act in a particular

way

impulses within an individual prompt behaviour,motives be conscious or unconscious

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that may

Motivation factors
Goals
are

hoped for rewards, incentives external desires. Goals are outside an individual, they are what one wishes to attain

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Attitude

within an individual. what is felt inside. are communicated,

reflect

attitude

are referred as behaviour.

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 Great

impact in life More important than facts, education and money More important than failures and success Can break house, company or church Right attitude makes life 100% We are in charge of our own attitude

Attitude

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Organizational structure

How group is formed/line of communication. Channel of authority/make decision Organizational climate How employees observe an organization e.g. fair or friendly

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Organizational Culture

Is a system of symbols and interactions unique to each organizations. is a way of thinking, behaving and believing e.g. values, language that members of a unit have in 5/1/12

It

Orgsnisational behaviour

Field of study investigates impact of individual, group and structure on behavior within the organization

That

Have

Towards

improving the organizations effectiveness and efficiency

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Why learn OB

To learn about yourself and how to deal with others are part of an organization now, and will continue to be a part of various organizations are increasingly expecting individuals to be able to work in teams, at least some of the time of you may want to be managers.

You

Organizations

Some

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Organization
Create work environment in which both organizational and individual needs can be met.

Meet productivity the organizational goals to reach level of productivity and goals

Organizational

change

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Organization

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Organization

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4 essential elements -org

Group

of people with each other

Interacting In

a structural manner a common goal

Towards

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Build maintain develop individual

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Forces affecting OB

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Motivation
Motivate To energize others to action To help them move forward when they are blocked or confused To get them excited about their work You as a leader. Must also be motivated

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Motivation
The

willingness to work and the ability to work go hand in hand.

Knowledge about what drives a person work is key for all who hold leadership position and for those who work in the team

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Motivation
Human

wants are motivated differently. Managers cannot intrinsically motivate people because motivation comes from within the person. The humanistic manager can, however, create an environment in which the development of human

beings have constant needs and

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Abraham Maslow
Born

in New York-1908 Great Psychologist Developed theory of motivation in1943 Maslows hierarchy of needs Theory of human motivation people are motivated to satisfy certain needs from basic survival to complex psychological needs Productivity has to increase-Mngt must help employees meet lower level needs Organizations value workers today

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Mawlow

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Abraham Maslow
stated

that people are motivated to satisfy certain needs,

ranging from basic survival to complex psychological needs,

and

that people seek higher needs only when the lower needs have been met

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When you are motivated

Willing

to pause and consider all alternatives Alternatives can ;

help

you create new ways of handling situations you can teach your staff

that

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Create motivate climate

Manager must: establish organizational communication Managing conflict Facilitate collaboration negotiating

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Motivation/ability-clinical areas
Vary-

because of different need and

goals Motivation problem; provide the environment conducive to increase motivation: Lack of ability: education and training
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In the ward
Pt

strongly motivated towards maintaining current health status health information/teaching to help achieve goals

Seek

Pt

less motivated may not succeed in achieving goals No matter what the nurse counsels

Client ultimate determinant

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Leaders or managers
Apply Techniques Skills Knowledge of motivational theory to help nurses achieve what they want at work

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Leaders /managers

are persons who demonstrate and exercise influence and power over others

to achieve organizational goals.

Managers

workers

are persons who directs a team of

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Leader/manager
Create

work environment and individual needs

Organizational

are met
Maintain

productivity subordinates for job

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Encourage

satisfaction

Leader and manager

Leaders Managers
Focus on effectiveness Focus on efficiency Focus on what and why Focus on people A leader does the right thing Focus on how and when Focus on system and structure Manager does things right
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Motivation Theory
Useful They explain why people act the way they do When you are interested: Creating changes Influencing others Managing performance and outcomes Helpful to understand the motivation that is reflected in persons behaviour

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Intrinsic Motivation

Come within a person him/her to be productive. value job performance and productivity.
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driving

Intrinsic motivation

Impact on Cultural background value career mobility,

some job

success and recognition

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Extrinsic Motivation
Enhanced

by job environment or external rewards occurs after the work has been completed organization must provide a climate that stimulates both extrinsic and intrinsic motivation.
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Rewards

The

Extrinsic Motivation
Occurs

when you motivate others using external factors such as:

Rewards

or pressures E.g. nurses receive extra pay for working extra hours or reward for excellence in nursing.

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Motivation
Intrinsic Motivation Extrinsic Motivation

Achieve is directly Enhanced by job related to a environment or persons level of external rewards aspiration

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Motivators
Reinforces that keep positive actions alive Tap the inner drive Reaction to feedback Fuel the fires that generate our desires to engage in change

Theories of motivation identify and describe the forces that motivate people

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Motivation

Why do people work ?

Why

do people achieve high productivity whereas others are content with less?

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7 rules of motivation

1. Set a major goal, but follows a path. The path has mini goals that go in many directions When you learn to succeed at mini goals, you will be motivated to challenge grand goals.
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Rules of motivations
2. Finish what you start.

A half finished project is of no use to anyone. is a habit.

Quitting

Develop the habit of finishing self-motivated projects.

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3.Socialize with others of similar interest.

Mutual support is motivating. will develop the attitudes of our five best friends If they are losers, we will be a loser. they are winners, we will be a winner.

We

If

To

be a cowboy we must associate with 5/1/12 cowboys.

4.

Learn how to learn.

Dependency on others for knowledge

Man

has the ability to learn without instructors. In fact, when we learn the art of self-education
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5. Harmonize natural talent with interest that motivates.

Natural talent creates motivation,

motivation

creates persistence

&

persistence gets the job done.

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6.Increase knowledge of subjects that inspires

The more we know about a subject, the more we want to learn about it. A self-propelled upward spiral develops.

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7. Take risk.
Failure

and bouncing back are elements of motivation. Failure is a learning tool. one has ever succeeded at anything worthwhile without a string of failures.

No

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Increase staff motivation

Reward Give

staff who give nursing care

nurses more power by helping them achieve leadership positions staff needs to meet needstraining and education meet the need; empathize in times of trouble and work with them 5/1/12

Help

Help

Increase staff motivation

Raise

self esteem by increasing level of skill and training staff in position that fulfill their self actualization need positive motivation-good reward and good peer group interaction
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Place

Enhance

Increase staff motivation

Avoid

scolding in front of others

Provide

warmth and support respect individual capabilities Boss to Coach

Move Right

Attitude Please! Please! Please!

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 Giving

praise Hugely motivational Commonly overlooked Best said naturally from the heart Thank someone in front of others-means a lot

Saying thanks

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Building performance
Set

organizational goals

Challenge

the group regularly with fresh facts and information training the tasks importance

Continuous Emphasize Provide

the necessary material support

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Performance
Use of Performance appraisal to motivate employees
How

the employee perform their duty according to job description outcome from employeeview the appraisal
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Positive

Increase Performance and Productivity

Appraisal should be based on a standard should have an input into the development of the standard must know the standard in

Employee

Everyone

advance

Someone

who has observed the employees work the employee trust and5/1/12 respect

Someone

Behavioral Change
Manager

is aware of the problem Recognizes need for employee to change behaviour Manager talks to the employee Employee makes positive behaviour change No further action needed unless problem arises
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Manager
The

attitude and energy level of managers affect the attitude and productivity of their employees

directly

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Performance

Nothing delights employee more than discovering their immediate supervisor is aware of their growth and accomplishment [from good clinical judgment]

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Something to remember
Watch

your Watch your Watch your Watch your Watch your destiny

thoughts for they become words words for they become actions actions for they become habits habits for they become character character for they become your

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Motivational Theorists
Abraham

Maslow Fredrick Herzbergs Victor Vroom Saul Gellerman Clayton Alderfer David McClelland B.F Skinner Douglas McGregor

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Explain the following motivational theorists and how you can relate to ward situation as a ward manager
Group A Group B Group C Group D Group E Group F Group G Group H Abraham Maslow Fredrick Herzbergs Saul Gellerman Clayton Alderfer Victor Vroom David McClelland B F Skinner Douglas McGregor

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