How To Enhance Your Lecture Materials For Classroom & On-Line

CELT Dec 6 2002 DIY Workshop Series
How to Enhance Your Lecture Materials for Classroom & On-line

Facilitators Mei Fang, Wanze Li, Rambo Lai, Anthony Ho
Ubahsual & Alih Bahasa: Mustaffar Abd Majid, IPPM Melaka mam@ippm.edu.my
Instructional Development Unit, CELT
Kerangka ASSURE
Kerangka ASSURE
Sebelum Pengajaran Semasa Pengajaran
Selepas Pengajaran
A
Analyze Students
S
State Objective
S
Select Methods, Media, & Materials
U
Utilize Media & Materials
R
Require learner participation
E
Evaluate & Revise
Enhancing Lecture Materials for Classroom and On-line

Instructional Development Unit CELT, UST
A S
U R E
Analyze Students (Menganalisis Pelajar)

You mean they never had that basic course before this course?
Says a surprised instructor.
Analyze Students
Aims (Matlamat)
Aim before you shoot Get to know your large enrollments of students as identifiable learners Establish premises for selecting instructional methods, media, and materials later
But dont label your students. Conduct your own survey!

Analyze Students
How-to suggestions
Extant data (Wujud / Sedia ada)
Basic profile
Learner characteristics (Ciri Pelajar)

Study styles and habits
Academic background (Latarbelakang Akademik)

Learning prerequisites

Analyze Students
Extant data
Mean age is 19.4, single, predominantly male Live at home with parents & siblings Live in small flat (450 sq ft), shared bedroom, no dedicated study area/desk Commute for 1 - 2 hrs Commit to part time work as a tutor Probably is the first person in family to go to university Rely on parents for financial support
Reports and publications from SAO of UST

Analyze Students
Learner characteristics
Driven by assessment and marks Skilled in recalling information for exams Not motivated in extra readings and rely on lecture notes Inclined to work cooperatively Reticent and passive in class but curious about applied knowledge Adaptive as ESL learners in a Cantonese predominant society Frequent web users around 1-2 AM
Talk to your TAs or other graduate students.

TEHE site from PolyU -How do HK students learn? Link to Virtual learner requirements Enhancing Lecture Materials for Classroom and On-line
Analyze Students
Academic background
Are assigned to either Arts stream or Science stream after Form 3 Attended secondary schools that either conducted in all English or Chinese Have to meet JUPAS admission requirements for university admission Attended English classes for: five hr/wk in secondary school two hr/wk in UST
Talk to your TAs or other graduate students.

JUPAS Admission requirements

A S
U R E
State Objectives (Menyatakan Objektif)

What am I supposed to learn? There are so much stuff in the lecture!
Says the puzzled student.
State Objectives
Aims (Tujuan)
To match expectations of both students and teachers (Selaraskan keperluan kurikulum SP & HSP) To align with assessment criteria and course goal (Sesuaikan dengan HP dan pentaksiran) To elicit learning outcomes that are measurable or observable (HP adalah SMART) To encourage a range of intellectual activities (Menggalakkan aktiviti HOTS)
What is the difference between a learning objective and am instructional objective?

State Objectives
Instructional VS learning (Pengajaran VS Pembelajaran
To promote student centered learning (Mempromosi pembelajaran berpusatkan pelajar) Learning objectives VS teaching objectives
This lecture will introduce the parts of speech in modern English.
In this lecture, you will learn to distinguish and use different parts of speech in modern English To name the parts of speech in a sentence To recognize the different applications of these parts in writing Enhancing Lecture Materials To apply the parts of speech in short memo writing.
for Classroom and On-line
State Objectives
How-to suggestions (Cadangan bagaimana)
Distinguishing the learning domains (membezakan domain pembelajaran) Constructing learning objectives (membina objektif pembelajaran)

State Objectives
Distinguishing the learning domains SAK
Skills (Kemahiran)
Bodily: such as techniques, procedures, manipulations Interpersonal: such as communication, leadership Emotional: such as reactions, values, opinions Intellectual: such as knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, evaluation
SAK it to me!
Attitude (Sikap)
Knowledge (Pengetahuan)

State Objectives
Distinguishing the learning domains
Knowledge Blooms taxonomy
1. knowledge (pengetahuan) 2. comprehension (kefahaman) 3. application (aplikasi) 4. Analysis (analisis) 5. Synthesis (sintesis) 6. Evaluation (penilaian)
State Objectives
Constructing learning objectives The ABCD rule
Audience (Sasaran)
specific group or general students of the course
Behavior (Tingkahlaku)
Performance or knowledge
Condition (Keadaan)
Requirements
Degree (Tahap)
Level of difficulty
State Objectives
Audience Behavior
COMP 101 students are able to construct and publish web enabled project presentations such that the class can access and view on the Internet from both the latest versions of IE and Netscape browsers.
Degree Condition
State Objectives Hands-on exercise: Evaluation of learning objectives

A S
U R E
Select Methods, Materials, & Media

WHAT you teach is important, but HOW you teach will make the WHAT become meaningful to students.
Says a veteran teacher.
Select Methods, Media and Materials

Aims Use media to enhance your instructional needs Maximize the power of bytes Select the tools that you feel comfortable Refer to your students operational needs Avoid overuse of novelty Base your selections on how well they enhance student learning

Select Methods, Materials, & Media

How-to suggestions
Instructional material Instructional method Learning medium, media element and tool

Selecting Instructional Materials

Select from local resources
Case studies, application examples, etc.
Select materials from your assigned textbooks publisher

Ready made presentation slides, glossary, etc. Ready made online supplements or courses
Accumulate online resources

Professional journals, professional societies, references, etc.
Selecting Instructional Methods

Reminder: Learning methods of students
Information oriented lecture contents
Find ways to memorize and recall
Application or design oriented lecture contents

Identify what are the desired method and result
Analysis oriented lecture contents

Learn to evaluate the issues critically

Selecting Instructional Methods

Socratic presentation, self directed Reminder: Learning methods of students quizzes, etc. learning aid, objective Information oriented lecture contents
Find ways to memorize and recall
Application or design oriented lecturehands-on practice, Demonstration, contents Identify what are the desired methodcollaborative project, etc. feedback, and result Analysis oriented lecture contents
Learn to evaluate the issues critically
Case study, group discussion, debate, role play, opinion polling, field trip, open end quizzes, etc.
More examples are available at:

http://celt.ust.hk/ideas/

Selecting Media Elements

Text enhance understanding
Elements: Definition, label, procedure, principle, quotation, statistic, acronym, etc.
Text
Image
Animation
Sound Video
Image enhance visualization

Elements: Photo, cartoon, illustration, chart, special symbol, etc.
Animation-simulate reality
Elements: Sequence of major images in motion, etc.
Sound - capture or simulate reality

Elements: Narration, sound effect, music, etc.
Video - capture reality

Elements: Taping of occurred events, broadcast of actual event, etc.
Selecting Learning Media

Classroom Lecture (F2F) to reach many at the same time in person to introduce macro concepts to elaborate with examples or demonstrations to clarify for students quickly On-line Lecture (Virtual)
to access and utilize materials at any time

to discuss and work collaboratively with other classmates to disseminate information quickly
to experience multimedia and interactive materials

Select Methods, Media & Materials

Demonstration of integrated examples
BIEN 524 (materials) CIVL 524 (methods) BICH 172/182 (integrated)
http://celt.ust.hk/ideas/o lt/SApp/index.html

A S
U R E
Utilize Media and Materials
IT skills help me become self reliant!

Says a new lecturer.
Utilization of Media and Materials

Aims
To add impact and interest To draw and retain attention To promote critical thinking To stimulate active learning


Media use and retention rate


Copyright issues
For printed works
Refer to the Guidelines for Photocopying of Printed Works Observe licensing schemes for copying
UST is a notfor-profit educational establishment Copy no more than 15 articles from newspapers per course per year. Library, UST
For digital works and newspapers

Refer to the Librarys Statement on Copyright For teaching purposes only Extent of copying must be reasonable Copies must not be made to the public


Copyright issues
For all works: Always follow the license agreements, if any
For example: MicroSoft Design Gallery Live Content
Can be used only if:
If in doubt, ask! IPD, HKSAR
You are covered by a valid license of the MicroSoft product You integrate the content of the product into your work

Demonstrations
Formatting hierarchical contents
Use Style, TOC, Send To PowerPoint
Integrating media elements

Insert pict file, use drawing tools
Converting lecture materials and lecture slides for on-line

Save as web page, print as pdf document
A S
U R E
Require Student Participation

Tell me and I will know. Show me and I will understand. Involve me and I will remember.
An old Chinese proverb.

Aims
Helps students take ownership of learning Enhances knowledge retention and self efficacy Be aware of other view points


How-to suggestions
PRS and customized questions for:
Demystification of misconceptions Opinion polling Peer learning
http://celt.ust.hk/ideas/


How-to suggestions
Assignment of student groups and group tasks such as:
Problem based task Discussions


How-to suggestions
On-line Learning Management System
Interactive exercises Open discussion forum Self assessments with feedback

A S
U R E
Evaluate and Revise

It takes about two to three semesters to perfect a course.
Says a veteran teacher.
Evaluate and Revise

Aims
To determine the effectiveness of both instruction and learning
During the lecture After the lecture
To revise and improve on the instructional methods or learning outcomes

Evaluate and Revise

How-to suggestions
For students Formative and summative surveys One minute reflection Short pre or post tests / quizzes
For lecturers Micro teaching Peer evaluation Teaching portfolio

Reflection Question
In regard to our workshop today, can you recall what does the ASSURE acronym stand for?

Summary
Lecture could be a versatile format for different instructional strategies Integration of classroom and on-line could be effective
Before Lecture During Lecture
Your TA is your best partner in lecture!
After Lecture
A
Analyze Students
S
State Objective
S
Select Methods, Media, & Materials
U
Utilize Media & Materials
R
Require learner participation
E
Evaluate & Revise
THATS ALL TQ

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CELT Dec 6 2002 DIY Workshop Series