A wing

is an appendage with a surface that produces lift for flight and/or propulsion through the atmosphere, or through another gaseous or liquid fluid. It is an airfoil which has a streamlined cross-sectional shape producing a useful lift to drag ratio. The wing deflects air downward as the aircraft moves forward generating lifting force to support the aircraft in flight.

DLR F6 is and modified version of DLR F4 with an aim to have more elliptical lift distributions and less boundary layer separation at rear upper wing surface.

FAIRCHILD DORNIER 728

AIRBUS A380

AIRBUS A320

EMBRAER 170

BOMBARDIER CRJ700

BASELINE ARJ21-700

UPPER SKIN Composition:

7075 T6 Aluminum

Al 87.1-91.4% Fe Max 0.5 Zn 5.1-6.1% Cr 0.18-0.28% Mg 2.1-2.9% Mn Max 0.3 Cu 1.2-2% Si Max 0.4 Ti Max 0.2% Other, each max 0.05% -E = 71.71 Gpa -=2810 kg/m3 -= 0.33 Properties: Better compressive strength, high stiffness, fatigue resistant.

LOWER SKIN
Composition:

2024-T3

Al 90.7-94.7% Mg 1.2-1.8% Cr Max 0.1% Mn 0.3-0.9% Cu 3.8-4.9% Si Max 0.5% Fe Max 0.5% Ti Max 0.15% Zn Max 0.25% Others, each max 0.05% -E=73.1 Gpa -=2780 kg/m3 -= 0.33

Properties: Better tensile strength, fatigue resistant.

Front spar location 10 % of chord

Reason: - Lightning effect - Increasing the area of wing box - Forward location would increase the c/s area of wing box, but would result in reduction of web length.
Rare spar location 70% of chord Reason: - Leaving sufficient space for control surfaces. - Rearward shift of spar would increase the wing box c/s but would result in reduction of spar web length.

OBJECTIVE 1: PLACEMENT OF FUEL TANK -MAX FUEL CAPACITY: 24200 LT -FUEL TANK DESIGNED FOR 20,000 LT

OBJECTIVE 2:

RIB LOCATIONS

- RIBS PLACED AT ROOT , KINK AND TIP - DEFLECTION OF EACH PLATE BETWEEN RIBS MINIMIZED TO 5 MM - TOTAL NUMBER RIBS PLACED IN BETWEEN KINK TO TIP 16 - TOTAL NUMBER OF RIBS PLACED IN BETWEEN ROOT TO KINK 9

CALCULATIONS FOR RIB PLACEMENT:

SPECIFICATIONS:

MATERIAL 7075 T6 AL YOUNGS MODULUS E = 71.71 GPA POISSONS RATIO = .33 MATERIAL THICKNESS T = 5 MM LOAD CURVE EQUATION = Y = -3.207X2+ 49.92X + 678.74

METHOD USED :
ITERATION METHOD

ASSUMPTIONS MADE : -PLANE SECTIONS IN PLATE REMAIN PLANE EVEN AFTER BENDING -PLATES ARE APPROXIMATED TO RECTANGULAR PLATES -LOAD IS APPROXIMATED TO UNIFORM TRANSVERSE LOAD -SPAR AND RIB DEFLECTIONS ARE NEGLECTED - PLATES ARE ASSUMED TO BE CLAMP SUPPORTED ON ALL THE EDGES

FORMULA USED FOR CALCULATING THE AMPLITUDE OF DEFORMATION :

w= DEFORMATION IN Z DIRECTION q = TRANSVERSE LOAD

A AMPLITUDE OF DEFLECTION - x/a a -LENGTH OF PLATE IN X DIECTION - y/ b b -LENGTH OF PLATE IN Y DIRECTION

RIBS PLACEMENT FROM KINK TO TIP

RIB

PLACEMENT FROM ROOT TO KINK

-Aircraft structures ,T H G MEGSON -Structural stability of columns and plates, Iyengar N.G.R. -synthesis of subsonic aircraft design , H Wittenberg