Prepared by:-

Arvinder Kaur (Computer Faculty)

GOVT.GIRLS.SENIOR.SECONDARY SCHOOL, BHAGSAR

Distt:- MUKTSAR 1
My dog chased the black
cat.

Can you tell me what is

the subject in this
sentence?

The dog is the subject in

this sentence.
2
My dog chased the black cat.

What is the verb in this

sentence?

The verb in this

sentence is written in 3
My dog chased the black cat.

What is the object in this

sentence?

The object in this

sentence is written in 4
 This is an active
sentence. The subject-
the dog is actively
chasing the black cat.

But we could change

the sentence around. 5
The black cat was chased
by my dog.

What is the subject in this

sentence ?

The black cat is the

subject in this sentence.

6
The black cat was chased
by my dog.

What is the verb in this

sentence?

The verb is written in

red in this sentence. 7
The black cat was chased
by my dog.

what is the object in this

sentence?

The Object is written

in red in this
sentence. 8
The black cat was chased
by my dog.

This is a passive
sentence. The subject-
the black cat- is
‘passively’ having
something done to it.
It is being chased! 9
 What did you notice in these
sentences?

We noticed the subject is changed

into object and object is changed
into subject .How can these
changes be shown.

These can be shown

in active passive 10
11
Voice is that form of the verb which
shows whether or not the subject of
the verb is the agent of the action
denoted by the verb.

Voice

Active Voice Passive Voice

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 What is Active Voice?
In the Active voice, the subject performs
the action.
[active =energetic ;working]

For example:
Gurman draws a picture.

Gurman is the subject and he is doing

something (drawing).
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 What is Passive Voice?
In passive voice the subject is acted
upon.
[Passive= not active ; acted upon ]
For example:
The picture was drawn by Gautam.

In this case, the drawing is the

subject and it is being acted upon
by Gautam. 14
In these examples, spot the use of
the active voice and the passive voice.

The music was played by the DJ. passive

The sun was hidden by the passive

clouds.
Delighted fans streamed onto the
active
pitch.
Marie wrote the letter to the active
headteacher.
passive
Danny was praised by the
headteacher. 15
 Most of the students do some homework.
Subject Verb Object

Subject Verb Object

Some homework is done by most of the students.

ACTIVE = DOER --- VERB --- RECEIVER

PASSIVE = RECEIVER ---VERB --- DOER

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Subject to object pronouns are changed
according to the following list:-
Subject Object
I Me
We Us
You You
He Him
She Her
It It
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Sr. Tenses Active Passive
N0.
1 Present Ist form of the verb +s/es is/am/are +IIIrd form
Indefinite do/does (not)+ Ist form of the verb
2 Past IInd form of the verb was/were +IIIrd form
Indefinite did (not) +Ist form
3 Present is,am,are(not)+ Ist form of verb+ing is/am/are (not) +being +IIIrd
Continuous form
4 Past was,were(not)+ Ist form of verb+ing was/were (not) +being +IIIrd
Continuous form
5 Present has/have (not) +IIIrd form has/have (not) been +IIIrd
Perfect form
6 Past Perfect had( not) +IIIrd form had(not) been +IIIrd form
7 Future will/shall (not) will/shall (not)
Perfect have+ IIIrd form have been +IIIrd form
8 Modal Verb will,shall,would,should,can,could, will,shall,would,should,can,
may,might,must ,ought to+ Ist form could,may,might,must ,ought
to be +IIIrd form
9 Infinitive to+ Ist form to be+ IIIrd form 18
 Active Passive
Ist form of the verb +s/es is/am/are +IIIrd form
do/does (not)+ Ist form of the verb

Active to Passive:-
1) I write a letter.
A letter is written by me.
2) You do not like Watermelon.
Watermelon is not liked by you.
3) Does he play football?
Is football played by him? 19
 Active Passive
IInd form of the verb was/were +IIIrd form
did (not) +Ist form

Active to Passive:-
2)Shakespeare wrote ‘Hamlet’.
‘Hamlet’ was written by Shakespeare.

2) She did not sing a song.

A song was not sung by her.

3) Did I kill a lion?

Was a lion killed by me?
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 Active Passive
is,am,are(not)+ Ist form of verb+ing is/am/are (not) +being +IIIrd form

Active to Passive :-
2)We are playing football.
Football is being played by us.
2) They are not reading a book.
A book is not being read by them.
3) Am I watching television?
Is television being watched by me?
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 Active Passive
was,were(not)+ Ist form of verb+ing was/were (not) +being +IIIrd form

Active to Passive:-
1.She was watering plants.
Plants were being watered by her.
2.Sita was not combing her hair.
Her hair was not being combed by Sita.
3.Was he writing a letter?
Was a letter being written by him? 22
 Active Passive
has/have (not) +IIIrd form has/have (not) been +IIIrd form

Active to Passive :-
1)The cook has cooked food.
Food has been cooked by the cook.
2)You have not played football.
Football has not been played by you.
3) Does he play football?
Is football played by him?
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 Active Passive
Had ( not) +IIIrd form Had (not) been +IIIrd form
Active to Passive:-
2)Our English teacher had punished Rahul.
Rahul had been punished by our English
teacher.
4)I had not tasted pizza before.
Pizza had not been tasted by me before.
6)Had he repaid the money?
Had the money been repaid by him? 24
 Active Passive
will/shall (not) have+ IIIrd form will/shall (not) have been +IIIrd form

Active to Passive:-
1)Rani will have combed her hair.
Her hair will have been combed by Rani.
2) Udbhav will not have gone to the market.
The market will not have been gone by
Udbhav.
3) Will you have done it?
Will it have been done by you? 25
 Active Passive
will,shall,would,should,can,could,may,might, will,shall,would,should,can,could,may,might,
must ,ought to+ Ist form must ,ought to be +IIIrd form

Active to passive:-
2) I can do this work.
This work can be done by me.
4) Who will shut the door?
By whom will the door be shut?
3) May I take your bike?
May your bike be taken by me? 26
 Active Passive
to+ Ist form to be+ IIIrd form

Active to Passive:-
2)We ought to respect our elders.
Our elders ought to be respected by us.

6)I expect to finish the work in time.

I expect the work to be finished by her
in time. 27
 Learn by heart:-
l
Let + new object +be/not be+3rd
form

Active to Passive:-
• Shut the door.
Let the door be shut.
• Always speak the truth.
Let the truth always be spoken.
3) Let her help his brother.
Let his brother be helped by her. 28
 Change the voice in the following
sentences:-
• The tailor made a beautiful design.
• Let her sing.
• May I smoke?
• Have you called out the roll?
• Gandhiji nursed his sick wife.
• Sita writes a letter.
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I really enjoyed in this project while preparing it. I have taken
help of many books and also of Internet sites for preparing it.
The list of books are mentioned below:-

TEXT BOOKS OF PSEB

TEXT BOOKS OF CBSE
ENGLISH TRANSLATION AND GRAMMAR BY
PROF . MAGO
JPH GENERAL ENGLISH
THE GRAMMAR TREE BY OXFORD PRESS
INTERNET
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/grammar
www.animatedfactory.com
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