6.

The Economic and Social Council

(ECOSOC) Click to edit Master subtitle style

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6. The Economic and Social Council

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Mandate
Facilitating international cooperation on standardsClick to edit Master subtitle style making and problem-solving in economic and social issues FROM GLOBAL COMMITMENT TO NATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION

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Picture of the first session of the ECOSOC at Church House in London, 23 January 1946. This picture shows Mr. Gladwyn Jebb (right), Executive Secretary of the United Nations, congratulating Sir Ramaswami Mudaliar of India upon his election as first President of ECOSOC.
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Description
This isClickmost complex of the UN system, the to edit Master subtitle style covering the broadest areas of activity, the majority of expenditures, and greatest number of programmes. Various specialized agencies like ILO, WHO, and FAO, the World Bank and the IMF play primary roles in operational activities devoted to economic and social advancement. ECOSOC is responsible for coordinating those activities. ECOSOC further undertakes research 4/27/12 and prepares reports on economic and social

Activities
ECOSOC was to edit Master subtitle style Click established under the United Nations Charteras the principal organ to coordinate economic, social, and related work of the 14 UN specialized agencies, functional commissions and five regional commissions. The Council also receives reports from 11 UN funds and programmes.

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Activities
ECOSOC serves edit Master subtitlefor discussing Click to as the central forum style international economic and social issues, and for formulating policy recommendations addressed to Member States and the United Nations system. freedoms.

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Activities
It is responsible edit Master subtitle style Click to for: 1. promoting higher standards of living, full employment, and economic and social progress; 2. identifying solutions to international economic, social and health problems; 3. facilitating international cultural and educational cooperation; and 4. encouraging universal respect for human rights and fundamental 4/27/12

Activities
A woman waits for food rations at a feeding center in Click to edit Master subtitle style Lolkuta, near Wajir, on July 21, 2011. The UN's World Programme Programme was preparing on July 26, 2011 to airlift food aid into the Somali capital Mogadishu, but efforts were hampered by last minute paperwork in Kenya. An estimated 3.7 million people in Somalia -around a third of the population -- are on the brink of starvation and millions more in Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya and Uganda have been struck by the worst drought in 4/27/12 the region in 60 years. (Simon Maina/AFP/Getty Images)

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Education

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Science

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Healthcare

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Environment

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Industry

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Money

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UN AGENCIES
1 Food Click to edit Master subtitle style and Agriculture Organization (FAO) 2 International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) 3 International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) 4 International Labour Organization (ILO) 5 International Maritime Organization (IMO) 6 International Monetary Fund (IMF)

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UN AGENCIES

7 International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Click to edit Master subtitle style 8 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organ

9 United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNI

10 Universal Postal Union (UPU) 11 World Bank Group 11.1 International Bank for Reconstruction and Developme
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UN AGENCIES
11.2 International Finance Corporation (IFC) Click to edit Master subtitle style 11.3 International Development Association (IDA) 12 World Health Organization (WHO) 13 World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) 14 World Meteorological Organization (WMO) 15 World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) 16 Former specialized agencies
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UN AGENCIES
17 Related and comparable organizations Click to edit Master subtitle style 17.1 International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) 17.2 World Trade Organization (WTO) 17.3 Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons 17.4 CTBTO Preparatory Commission

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What does it do?

ECOSOC issues recommendation on specialized Click to edit Master subtitle style agencies, receives reports from them but has no control over their budget or their secretariats. Recommendations and multilateral conventions drafted by ECOSOC require General Assembly approval (and, in case of conventions, ratification by member states). The steady expansion of UN economic and social activities has left ECOSOC with an unmanageable task one that has led to 4/27/12 persistent, but largely unsuccessful calls for UN

Membership
ECOSOC members are elected by the General Assembly Click to edit Master subtitle style for a three year terms based on nominations by regional blocks. States with ability to pay for social programmes are continuously represented. Four of the five permanent members of the Security Council (all except China) and major developed nations have been continuously elected.
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Complexity
The UNClick to edit Master subtitle style Fund for Development Programme (UNDP), UN Population Activities (UNFPA), UN Childrens Fund, and World Food Programme report, both, to the General Assembly and ECOSOC, adding to the complexity.

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Agenda
Agenda includes such diverse topics as housing, Click to edit Master subtitle style narcotics, drug control, water resources, desertification, population, trade, rights of children, industrial development, literacy, refugees, science and technology, the status of women, the problems of the disabled, the environment and rights of indigenous peoples. Human rights and development form the two largest areas.
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Field Activities
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Technical to edit Master subtitle style Click assistance Infrastructure development Disbursing funds to member countries Training people Introducing new technologies (through UNDP)

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Functional Commissions
Social development, Master Rights Click to edit Human subtitle style Narcotic Drugs The Status of women Science and Technology for Development Sustainable development, Population and Development Crime prevention and criminal Justice Statistics, and Forests
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Regional commissions
(designed to to edit Master subtitle style to Click stimulate regional approaches development with regional studies and initiatives): 1. Economic Commission for Europe 2. Economic Commission for Latin America 3. Economic Commission for Asia and the Pacific 4. Economic Commission for Africa 5. Economic Commission for Western Asia
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Problems

1. Some of the specialized agencies such as ILO are Click to edit Master subtitle style older than ECOSOC. While ILO serves as a model for relationship of specialized agencies with ECOSOC, Bretton-Woods institutions (the World Bank and the IMF) have a weighted voting. See: http://www.globaleconomicgovernance.org/wp-content/uplo 2. The specializes agencies are geographically dispersed in Geneva, Rome, Paris, Montreal, 4/27/12 Washington, London and Berne. The dispersal effects

Problems
3. Despite their edit Master subtitle style Click to links with ECOSOC, the specialized agencies operate quite independently. 4. The Director-Generals of the agencies have the same diplomatic rank as the UNs secretary General. They have often perceived themselves as operating their own fiefdoms.
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Problems
5. Objectivesto edit Master subtitlediffer yet at times Click of specialized agencies style they carry out similar activities. For instance, ILO activities include employment promotion, vocational guidance, social security, safety and health, labour laws and relations, and rural institutions. These overlap FAOs concern with land reform, UNESCOs mandate in education, WHOs focus on health standards, and United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)s concern with manpower in small industries. The result is 4/27/12 constant coordination problems.

Problems
6. National governments have their own problems e.g. Click to edit Master subtitle style capacity to absorb new technology, corrupt regimes, inefficient ministries.

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Assignment 1 Pager
Palestine: Two State Master subtitle style Click to edit Theory

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Seminar 3 Pager
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

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