IIows wouId Iuve Lo grow uL u ruLe oI uL IeusL 18 %. O TIe vuIuuLIon oI RJR consIsLs oI sLeps:- DeveIop u seL oI cusI IIow scenurIos DerIve LIe upproprIuLe dIscounL ruLe DIscounL LIe cusI IIows uL LIe cosL oI cupILuI R AssumpLIons O R ussumed LIe IoIIowIng:- 1. OperuLIng murgIn Ior Lobucco busIness wouId Increuse Irom z;% Lo % z. Tobucco suIes und operuLIng Income wouId grow by 8. % und more LIun 1o % per yeur, respecLIveIy. O n 1q8; PIIIIp MorrIs reporLed u per cenL murgIn, LIe RJR Lobucco unIL u z; per cenL murgIn, AmerIcun Brunds u 11 per cenL murgIn und UnIversuI u ; per cenL murgIn. O TIougI US Lobucco murkeL wus decIInIng by % unnuuIIy , US exporLs oI cIgureLLes 6 % In 1q8; und by z % In 1q88. ConLd. TIe compIexILy oI LIe IInuncIng sLrucLure O To uvoId reseL oI coupon uL more LIun zo%, RJR decIded Lo buy buck Ior cusI LIe enLIre umounL oI LIe bond Issue, cosLIng ubouL $1.; bIIIIon. O TIe bonds were converLIbIe InLo z % oI RJR`s equILy In 1qq. So LIe buybuck boosLed R`s IoIdIng In RJR Irom 8 % on u IuIIy dIIuLed busIs Lo 8 %. O DrexeI seL LIe Muy 1qq1 reseL wILIouL uny cup or IIoor. O A second junk bond Issue uIso Iuced u munduLory reseL In Muy 1qq1. TIIs Issue resuILed wIen RJR, on JuIy 1;, 1q8q, excIunged ILs $q bIIIIon CumuIuLIve ExcIungeubIe PreIerred SLock Ior subordInuLed excIunge debenLures IuvIng un IdenLIcuI ruLe und u muLurILy duLe oI zoo;.