Solar Energy Power Generation: Introduction

Clarification of the Solar Energy Power Generating

Following two type of the solar energy power generating

Grid-off solar energy power generating

Main used in the area where is no electricity supply or the telecommunication station which is faraway from the electricity net or the wireless places. Key componentssolar panelbatteryintelligent controllerinverter
electricity distribution and anti-lighting system. (electricity distribution is close to the active load). Advantagesoffer the independent electricity net which will not restricted by the local public electricity net. Disadvantagesmuch waste of the energy resources or can controller the use of the solar energy resources. the electricity use is high restricted by the weather condition, the low efficiency of use and high investment, a little low system life span (especially say the batters life span).

 Grid-On PV System
Main use in the place where the city electricity distribution net. It is the lead direction of New energy from home and all over the world. Key components: solar panelgrid-on inverter electricity distribution and
anti-lighting system much simple ).

Advantageshigh efficient use of the systemlong life spanthe

investment cost is some lowerthe use of the electricity will not restricted by the system itself and the weather condition influence.

Disadvantagesthe return of the electricity powered by solar will be

restricted by the local public electricity net.

The Independent Grid-off Solar Energy Power Generating System Detailed Introduction

Block diagram of the inverter

the Maintainability of Photovoltaic power systems components

1 Some products photovoltaic power system components can be repaired after used again, known as maintenance parts, but some parts missing validity beyond repair or restoration costs are too high, these components as a non-repair components, the following table lists the photovoltaic power supply

Attributes of components in the system.

Can be repaired Inverter Controller PV water Pump Wind turbine

non-repair
Solar panel Maintains free lead acid battery DC lamps
Arrester, fuses, wires

The designing of the PV Grid-Off system

Case
Requirements: computers, lighting, radar (emotional) of load, time uncertain, the daily power consumption about 200 KWH batteries to power for three days cloudy.
1. Battery configuration (in accordance with the allocation of work for three rainy days): Battery groups voltage: 220 V Capacity needs: (daily needed electricity rainy days 1000) / (battery voltage discharge capacity) Discharge capacity: In the process of battery usage, the battery capacity released by the percentage of its rated capacity, known as the discharge capacity. Discharge capacity to the protection of small batteries, the election is generally recommended 0.5 (200 3 1000) / (220 * 0.5 * 0.9) = 5754 AH choose 2 V1000AH battery of a total of five groups of 110pcs, a total of 550pcs.

The designing of the PV Grid-Off system

2. Solar array configurations:
Need to configure the maximum power to maintain voltage in the vicinity of 220V , Selection of 85 Wp (or other specifications): open-circuit voltage of 22 V, maximum power point voltage of 17.5, short-circuit current of 545 A. Configured 220/12 = 18pcs connected in series. Each series power is 18 85 = 1530Wp. Each series in accordance with the full power operation of 3.2 hours, each providing 3.2 1530 = 4896 KWH electricity. Need solar parallel: the daily consumption / (n = array electricity efficiency) At: 200 / (4.9 * 0.85) = 48 Unit: 0.85 controller for solar and other conductors, such as the efficiency losses. The total need to configure 48 18 = 864pcs 85 Wp solar panel

The designing of the PV Grid-Off system

3. Solar controller configuration

According to the trade unions and arrays: configuration 9pcs SD22100 solar controller. Each four-way controller solar arrays.

4. Inverter configuration
Because users do not have to provide the power size of the load, in accordance with the working day to 10 hours to estimate, about 30 KW. Consider cushion and load activated impact of the proposed configuration SN22050KS power inverter. Meanwhile, in order to protect key equipment, such as radar and work normally. Recommends that users load individually configured as the key lowpower inverter power, the inverter and battery SN22050KS common DC bus power, the specific size can be agreed with the users. The low-power inverter can be purchased as spared machine.

Grid-connected PV system
Renewable energy grid-connected power generating applications

the comparative advantages and disadvantages of the structure and topology of the common grid-connected inverter

direct inverter system

Low-frequency
transformer isolation system

the comparative advantages and disadvantages of the structure and topology of the common grid-connected inverter

the high-frequency isolation system

the high-frequency non- isolation system

Multi- More DC-DC (MPPT), single inverter system

The advantages and disadvantages of direct inverter system

Advantages:
Eliminates cumbersome Frequency Transformer: high efficiency (96 %), light weight, simple structure.

Disadvantages: (1) solar panels and electrical power grids not isolation, solar panels have bipolar
voltage power grids, adverse safety. (2) DC type solar panels voltage is more than 350 V. This solar components, and even the entire system of higher insulation requirements prone to leakage phenomenon.

The advantages and disadvantages of the Lowe frequency Transformer isolation system

Advantages:

Using the frequency transformer to change the voltage and isolate the electricity, it has the following advantages: simple structure, high reliability, impact resistance, and good safety performance, MPPT DC voltage 200 V rating in the general-750V.

Disadvantages:

(1) relatively low system efficiency. (2) heavy

The advantages and disadvantages of high-frequency isolation system

Advantages:
Having the advantage of electrical isolation as well as light weight, system efficiency 93%.

Disadvantages:
(1) As isolated DC / AC / DC power hierarchy generally smaller, so this topological structure concentrated in the following 5 KW; (2) high-frequency DC / AC / DC the work of a high frequency, usually dozens KHz, or higher, it is more difficult for EMC system design; (3) the impact of poor system.

The advantages and disadvantages of the high-frequency isolation system

Advantages: Same as the first topology structure, eliminating cumbersome frequency transformer, we can bring the following advantages: high efficiency, light weight. At the same time joined the BOOST circuit for DC / DC input voltage DC upgrade, solar array DC input voltage range can be very wide (70 V-750V). Disadvantages: (1) Similarly, the solar panels and electrical power grids not isolation, solar panels have bipolar voltage power grids. (2) The use of high frequency DC / DC, EMC become even more difficult. (3) Lower reliability.

SG series PV Grid-connected Inverter

*Grid-connected PV system includes the PV modules, Grid-connected

inverter and network measurement devices and distribution system. *Solar cells can generate DC power electricity *The power is changed to the same- phase, sine wave current through the PV Grid-connected inverter directly and enters into the power grids.