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# Determination of plasma
volume:
Can not penetrate the wall of blood
vessels e.g. radioactive albumin 125I-
albumin) or Evans blue dye.
# Determination of extracellular
fluid volume:
Can penetrate the wall of blood vessels
and can not penetrate the cell membrane
e.g. radiated Na, Cl, thiosulphate …etc.
Plasma
# Determination of total body water: membrane
Can penetrate the wall of blood vessels and cell membrane
e.g. deuterium (heavy water) (2H2O), radioactive water
(tritium, 3H2O) and antipyrine.
# Intracellular fluid volume (ICFV)
Intracellular volume = total body water - extracellular volume
# 5- Interstitial fluid volume (ISFV):
The interstitial fluid volume is determined as the difference between
ECF volume and plasma volume.
To measure total blood volume, radioactive chromium (51Cr) is
incubated with red blood cells then injected into animal.
Or by the following equation:
Total blood volume = plasma volume/ 1- hematocrit value
Markers (indicators) for measurement must share
following qualities: