ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION

PREPARED BY:-
AMRITPAL KAUR (9th) PARMINDER KAUR (9th)
PARVINDER KAUR (9th ) HARPREET KAUR (9th)
JASWANT SINGH (9th)

GOVT. SEN.SEC. SCHOOL

RORIKAPURA(FARIDKOT)
2006-07
 WHAT IS ENVIROMENT POLLUTION ?

 ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION.
Undesirable change in the physical ,
chemical and biological characteristics
of air, water and land that may
harmfully affect human life and other
living organisms is termed pollution.
 POLLUTANTS. The agents or
substances which cause pollution of
air, water and land are called
pollutants.
 TYPES OF POLLUTION
 AIRPOLLUTION
 WATER POLLUTION

 NOISE POLLUTION

 SOIL POLLUTION
 AIR POLLUTION
 AIR POLLUTION is the occurrence of
or addition of particulate matter
,gases and other pollutants into the
air which can be harmful to human
beings , animals, vegetation
,buildings and other assets .
CAUSES OF AIR POLLUTION
Air gets polluted because of the following
reasons:-
 Dust gets raised by strong winds ,
movement of vehicles , sweeping of floors
and roads, small particles of dust keep
floating in the air.
 Smoke emitted by the powerhouses ,
factories & automobiles.
 Sneezing & coughing .
 Cigarette smoking .
 Garbage from house thrown in the open ,
pollute air & spreads diseases.
 Human activities like burning wood, fuel,
garbage, crackers & other things cause
pollution.
 EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION
The air pollution has many harmful effects.
• Some harmful gases in the air , cause
headache, dizziness , skin allergies and
breathing problems.
• These pollutants cause suffocation ,
asthma , irritation in the eyes , skin
disease and allergies .
• Some gases like sulphur dioxide and
nitrogen oxide in the air combine with
droplets of rain in air and they produce
acid .It is called acid rain .These gases
come chiefly from the burning of coal and
oil by cars ,factories and power plants .The
acid in acid rain harm the environment.
 PREVENTION OF AIR POLLUTION
 Vehicles should be regularly checked to
ensure that their emission levels are under
control .
 Polluting industries should not be allowed
near cities.
 Factories should have tall chimneys to
reduce the pollution.
 Burning of coal , wood & kerosene should be
avoided as it causes more pollution .
 Trees make the air pure ,so plantation be
encouraged.
 WATER POLLUTION
 WATER POLLUTION:- The contamination
of water sources by harmful wastes ,
sewage , toxic chemicals , oils etc. is
called water pollution.
 CAUSES OF WATER
POLLUTION
1. Factories pollute water by dumping
harmful waste into it.
2. Pesticides and other chemical
fertilizers also reach water bodies
through rain water .
3. Soaps and detergents used in
washing are also released into rivers
& lakes .
4. Sewage containing human waste
and garbage also pollute the water
bodies.
 EFFECTS OF WATER POLLUTION
1. Polluted water causes many water
borne diseases like jaundice ,cholera
, typhoid etc.
2. Plants and fishes also die in polluted
water.
3. It can effect surface water as river ,
lakes and ocean as well as the water
beneath the earth’s surface called
ground water .
4. Trout’s (a kind of fish) start
disappearing from a river if the
water is polluted .
 NOISE POLLUTION
 NOISE POLLUTION :- The presence
of loud noise in the air is called
sound or noise pollution .
CAUSES OF NOISE POLLUTION
1. Machines in a factory produce a lot of
sound and cause pollution .
2. Vehicles make a lot of noise when they
blow horns.
3. Loudspeaker used in functions and
meetings also cause sound pollution .
4. Noise brings mental fatigue and effects the
thinking capacity of a person .
5. Loud noise also effects hearing . People
working in high noise area face a greater
risk of becoming deaf .
 SOIL POLLUTION
 SOIL POLLUTION :-Any substance
that reduces the fertility of soil is
known as soil pollutant and the
process , as soil pollution.
 CAUSES OF SOIL POLLUTION
Soil pollution is mainly caused by the
following factors :-
• Fertilizers , herbicides , pesticides & other
chemicals .
• Industrial waste like chemicals ,fly ash and
residues of combustion of solid fuels.
• Domestic garbage like paper pulp , plastic ,
rubber , cloth , leather , sand and glass.
• Air pollutant as compounds of sulphur and
lead that eventually mix with soil and
pollute it.
 EFFECTS OF SOIL POLLUTION
Effects of soil erosion : It has several
adverse effects –
- Loss of productive land.

- Loss of crop/posture .

- Reduced yield as fertilizers may also

be washed out .
- It may damage roads , bridges ,
trees & house.
 GUIDED BY:-
SH. PANKAJ RAI MITTAL (STUDENT TRAINER)

SH. PARMOD KUMAR DHI (TEACHER TRAINER)

SMT. SUMAN SHARMA (SCIENCE MISTRESS)

 BIBILOGRAPHY

1. DIFFERENT SCIENCE BOOKS

2. MICRO SOFT ENCARTA
3. INTERNET
4. OTHERS BOOKS