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Raster-to-Vector scanning: Its application to CAD Problem #2: you're working on a remodeling project and have a set of blueprints showing existing conditions. You need a composite drawing showing what stays, what's to be demolished and what's new, but you don't want the expense of redrawing the original blueprints. Solution: scan the existing bluelines and use them as background images in the new CAD drawings.
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Ways of converting paper drawings to CAD The various means by which to convert the old paper drawings to CAD are: Automatic conversion using software Manual conversion by draftsman Precision redrafting Scanning and storing
despeckling, deskewing,
Vectorizing DXF file Open the DXF file in CAD then save in native format
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Issues in implementations
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Color, grayscale or monochrome? Most scanners give you the option of scanning in color, grayscale or monochrome. These options have different names depending on the make of scanner you have.
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Color
Most scanners color option will normally create a raster image that contains 16.7 million colors. Only use this option if scanning a color drawing with a view to converting it to a color DXF file.
Do not use your scanner's color option if scanning a black and white drawing.
Scanning a color drawing with a view to converting it to a color DXF file entails experimenting the scanner's settings until the colors on the raster image are as high contrast, vibrant and saturated as possible. Warning: Color images can be very large. An E/A0 size drawing scanned in color at 300 dpi will take up about 385Mb of memory.
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Grayscale Most scanners grayscale option (often called black and white photo) will normally create an image that contains 256 shades of gray. Grayscale images are not normally suitable for raster to vector conversion.
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Monochrome A scanner's monochrome option (often called line art, black and white drawing or 1 bit) will create a much smaller image that contains two colors - black and white.
This is the option one should normally choose when scanning a drawing for raster to vector conversion.
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Thresholding
When scanning a drawing in monochrome, the scanner or scanning software has to make a decision about which parts of the drawing to set to black in the raster image and which to set to white.
If your drawing has faint lines or a dirty or tinted background a user will have to experiment with the scanner's settings to get a raster image where, as far as possible, the parts of the raster image that are supposed to be black are black and the parts that are supposed to be white are white. If the scanner or scanning software sets too much of the drawing to white, it may contain breaks and holes and faint parts may be lost. If your scanner or scanning software sets too much of the drawing to black, text characters may "bleed" so that white spaces within them or between them become filled and speckles and dirt may appear in the background
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Thresholding
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Resolution
It is not true that "the higher the scanner resolution, the better the vectorization results".
In fact, a high resolution scan can sometimes give worse results than a low resolution scan!
Be aware that decreasing the resolution of an image after scanning will prevent increasing it later.
Increasing resolution after scanning will not regain any lost detail. It will simply exacerbate "steps" in the image that will decrease the quality of any raster to vector conversion.
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Resolution
entities is dependent on selecting an appropriate threshold (see above) as well as on selecting an appropriate resolution
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Raster-to-Vector: Examples
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Raster-to-Vector: Examples_a
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Raster-to-Vector: Examples_b
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Raster-to-Vector: Examples_c
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Raster-to-Vector: Examples_d
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Raster-to-Vector: Examples_e
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