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Pearson Moment Correlation Coefficient can be simplified to:
( )( )
y x
S S
y y x x
n
r
=
1
This is the covariance
This is the
standard deviation
of x
This is the standard
deviation of y
Task
Exercise A
Page 140
The effect of scaling
If you work out the correlation coefficient for sales of ice-cream & temperature
(t) in Fahrenheit. Would you expect the correlation to change if you worked on
the same data but in Celsius?
No scaling has no effect on correlation.
Be aware of correlation claims
Some things may look like they are connected but they are not:
General knowledge and height:
Children in a school from year 7 to year 13 are asked general knowledge questions. The correlation
is worked out using height and their score. In your opinion does height have any effect on their
score? If not can you suggest what is the explanatory factor that is connected to both?
Outliners
As all data items are used outliners will effect the correlation coefficient. When outliners are
obvious it is worth ignoring them altogether.
Non-linear relationships.
Pearson's p.m.c.c. is only suitable for linear relationships
Task
Exercise C
Page 144
Test yourself
Page 145
HOMEWORK!!!!!!!!!!!!
Past papers
Past papers
Past papers
Go through each of the chapters:
PowerPoint's
revision notes
Unanswered questions