sustainable

a a c c h t e e c uu r e rr hiit ctt re

SUBMITTED BY:AMNINDER KAUR ANKITA KHANNA SUMIT SHARMA

WHAT IS SUSTAINABILITY??

Sustainability can be defined as the continued ability of a society and ecosystem , or any such interactive system to function without exhausting key resources and without adversely affecting the environment..

Sustainanable development has been defined as development that meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs". the concept of living within the capacity of supporting ecosystems.

Sustainability aspect of habitat design

ECONOMIC Creation of new markets and opportunities for growth of sales. ENVIRONMENT Reduced waste, effluent generation, emissions to the environment. Reduced impact on human health. SOCIAL Worker health and safety.

Cost reduction through efficiency improvements and reduced energy, and raw material input.

Impact on local communities, quality of life.

Creation of additional added value.

Use of raw materials. Elimination of toxic substances.

Benefits to disadvantages groups(such as disabled).

what are the impacts of unsustainable design & building practices ?

INCREASED AIR POLLUTION - chemicals and gases

EFFECTS ON PUBLIC HEALTH we all need clean air and water, good food

sustainable architecture looks to find new ways to provide our needs without creating these impacts

PRODUCTION OF WASTE rubbish, materials, chemicals, etc

GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS global warming and climate change

UNNECESSARYD ELEPLETION OF NATURAL RESOURCES forests, water, minerals, soil

INCREASED WATER POLLUTION raw sewage rubbish chemicals

INCREASED SOIL CONTAMINATION chemicals, dirty water, loss of nutrients

Energy crisis
an energy crisis is shortage of non renewable or exhaustible sources of energy due to excessive use of them. an energy crisis may be referred to as an oil crisis, petroleum crisis, energy shortage, electricity shortage or electricity crisis. The stage is going to come when all our resources of energy are going to end up so we must opt to a better an inexhaustible source of energy that are called renewable sources of energy.

Future and alternative energy sources

In response to the petroleum crisis, the principles of green energy and sustainable living movements gain popularity. This has led to increasing interest in alternate power/fuel research such as fuel cell technology, liquid nitrogen economy, hydrogen fuel, methanol, biodiesel, Karrick process, solar energy, geothermal energy, tidal energy, wave power, and wind energy, and fusion power. To date, only hydroelectricity and nuclear power have been significant alternatives to fossil fuel.

Renewable sources of energy

biomass geothermal hydroelectricity solar energy tidal power wave power wind power

Sustainable energy
Energy efficiency over the entire life cycle of a building is the most important single goal of sustainable architecture. We should use many different techniques to reduce the energy needs of buildings and increase their ability to capture or generate their own energy. LOW ENERGY HOUSE Main features of low energy house  passive solar design  recycled and sustainable materials  photovoltaic cells  wastewater treatment  rainwater collection  solar hot water. Green buildings often include measures to reduce energy use. To increase the efficiency of the building envelope, (the barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space), they may use highefficiency windows and insulation in walls, ceilings, and floors. Another strategy, passive solar building design, is often implemented in low-energy homes during the day. Solar water heating further reduces energy loads.

Low energy house

Alternative energy production

Solar Panels
Active solar devices such as photovoltaic solar panels help to provide sustainable electricity for any use. Roofs are often angled toward the sun to allow photovoltaic panels to collect at maximum efficiency, and some buildings even move throughout the day to follow the sun.

SOLAR WATER HEATER

Solar water heatersalso called solar domestic hot water systemscan be a cost-effective way to generate hot water for your home. They can be used in any climate, and the fuel they usesunshine is free.

HEAT PUMPS Ground source heat pumps are an efficient means of heating or cooling a building. They are not a renewable energy system or source of energy.

WIND TURBINES
A wind turbine is a rotating machine which converts the kinetic energy of wind into mechanical energy. If the mechanical energy is used directly by machinery, such as a pump or grinding stones, the machine is usually called a windmill. If the mechanical energy is instead converted to electricity, the machine is called a wind generator, wind turbine, wind power unit (WPU), wind energy converter.

roof and walls allow privacy, protect from rain and wind, and stop intruders

windows allow sunlight and fresh air to enter the building and allow views outside

a sense of place (within a community)

kitchen has clean drinking water

what do buildings provide ?

outdoor space for recreation and relaxation kitchen for cooking and storing food table for gatherings and for eating food interior lighting and heating

bathroom for washing and cleaning and for sewage removal raised floor keeps things dry and clean (not on ground)

couch for relaxing and talking

things provided by buildings

light and warmth energy clean water bathing and cleaning waste disposal protection from rain and cold privacy and security storage, cooking and eating of food socialising and recreation

energy supply

water supply

waste and water disposal

all of these factors inter-relate and should be seen as contributing to and feeding from the others

building materials

In most cases, it is not our needs relating to the built environment that cause environmental problems rather it is the way we choose to meet them.

water supply

Where do present materials come waste and water from? disposal

building materials How much do we currently use?

energy supply

Images: National Geographic, Vol 195, No 3, March 1999; Oz Green World Water Day Poster, 1997; Greenhouse News, Vol 3, Issue No 2, Winter 2000, published by the Australian Greenhouse Office; The Challenge, Issue No 16, Winter 2000, published by the Australian Greenhouse Office

We as a part of environment
s u s c a i t eacb u e e ar thin t l r

A FEW BASIC TRUTHS:

WE NEED A CLEAN ENVIRONMENT FOR OUR SURVIVAL EVERYTHING IS INTERDEPENDENT AND INTERRELATED
soil resources
As a result of neglecting to consider the environmental consequences of our actions, we now find many serious environmental problems emerging. If we want to have ecological resources to use in the future, and ensure a high quality of life, we must start considering the broader environmental context in our designs and choices.

Traditionally, decisions and designs have been based on economics, form and function. The broader environmental context in which all things exist, and on which all things rely- has not adequately been considered.

technology
knowledge oceans water

culture
forests

society
biodiversity

we are part of the environment, and not separate from it

the natural environment

technology

the design process

s u s c a i t eacb u e e ar thin t l r people

sustainability

ecologically sustainable

development:

accommodating the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
(Brundtland Report, World Commission on Environment and Development 1987)

appropriate

technology:

making and using technology that meets human needs while taking into account long and short term consequences for society and the environment

sustainable

design process:

1. understand the needs of the users of the building 2. look at the capacity of the site and the environment in supporting those needs 3. make design decisions and use appropriate technologies to fulfil the above

using an environmentally conscious design process to achieve sustainable results

s u s c a i t eacb u e e ar thin t l r

case studies

General from the street, Solar access windows face north to

allow good natural sunlight inside (less energy needed for lighting and heating) family room below is protected by overhanging bedroom above - this blocks summer sun, but allows winter sun to enter the room

front of house

the house looks like any other on the street from behind, environmental design aspects Rooftop Solar can Panels be seen on north facing roof for maximum sunlight photovoltaic panels are used to create clean and non-polluting electricity hot water panels are used to heat water without using coal-fired (polluting) electricity

Mobbs House, Chippendale

For more info, check out the website: www.abc.net.au/science/ planet/house/default.htm

rear of house NORTH

Images: ww.abc.net.au/nr/science /earth/handouts/ chippendale.htm

Water Treatment reused water and sewage

Rainwater collected from roof Water stored in tank under house Water used for drinking, cooking, showering Used water stored filtered and stored in second tank This water used for toilet and washing machine Reused water and toilet waste are treated in a composting tank on site Clean compost made for use on garden Cleaned water treated further by reeds in back yard from toilet is stored in a composting tank under the deck within this tank, the water and sewage is broken down to form clean and hygienic Water Supply compost - this compost can be safely used on the garden rainwater is collected from roof and stored in a water tank under the house

tank under house

Water Recycling within the house
water is recycled used for cooking, drinking and showering used water is then filtered and stored used water is then used for flushing the toilet and washing clothes

reeds

Mobbs House, Chippendale

the cleaned liquid is treated further by reeds in the back yard - the reed help to remove any bacteria if the system overflows, it goes straight into the mains sewage (just like normal houses)

Images: ww.abc.net.au/nr/science/earth/hand outs/chippendale.htm

Natural gas
used for the majority of the resorts energy requirements causes less pollution and greenhouse gases than coal-fired electricity production less damage on site, no powerlines or cables needed to bring electricity onto the site

ENERGY MANAGEMENT CONTROL SYSTEMS

used to integrate, monitor and control the different sources of energy in the resort power used in the resort is two thirds of that used by most resorts of the same size

Landscaping and revegetation

any damaged areas of the site revegetated plant types used were sourced from around the site, to minimise the effect on ecological systems

Solar hot water panels

used for heating water for use in buildings additional heat used to heat up the swimming pool solar hot water heating creates no pollution or greenhouse gases

Wind turbine
produces up to 12% of the resorts energy requirements used to supplement the main energy source - natural gas

Images: Forest and Wood Products Research and Development Association, 1998

Couran Cove Resort, South Stradbroke Island

Timber
all timber sourced from plantations or from sustainably managed forests timber is renewable and uses less energy in its manufacture and transport has low greenhouse gas emissions

Structure buildings are

supported on timber piers for minimal impact on the site Verandahs piers are made from comfortable outdoor hardwood timbers, which are resilient area living to saltwater - therefore roof blocks hot have a longer lifespan allows summer sun, than other materials to enter winter sun (such as steel) opened to breezes for summer cooling natural light and cross ventilation help to heat and cool and light the inside of the building

Couran Cove Resort, South Stradbroke Island

Images: Forest and Wood Products Research and Development Association, 1998

Energy system
heating is via gas, rather than from a coalBuilding height fired plant (creates less pollution) kept to a no air-conditioning in minimum to building is needed prevent outdoor because of ventilation from being areas and gas heating over-shadowed (therefore much less electricity used)

Glass Roofs allow sunlight and warmth deep

into the building (reduce need for artificial lighting and heating) allow plants to grow within the building (creates appealing and healthy interior)

natural light to all levels Vegetation sunny around building outdoor helps to keep air spaces close
Images: Green Design, Dorothy Mackenzie, (1991), London: Laurence King Publishing

Sloping walls deflect noise from busy

road redirect winds to prevent ground-level turbulence made from brick (natural material)

NMB Bank Headquarters, Amsterdam

cleaner to the provide buffer to buildings the wind creates pleasant outdoor areas for workers

Materials include natural

materials such as timber, marble and copper create a warm and pleasing environment (social benefits) are locally produced, therefore reduce transportation pollution and resources

water collected from roofs

NMB Bank Headquarters, Amsterdam

Rainwater is collected from the roof

(reduces mains water consumption) Hello!! used for water features and to water plants inside the building (creates a cool, healthy and pleasing environment)

natural breezes water fall

Windows allow natural sunlight into

the building (less electricity used for lighting) can be opened to allow cross-ventilation (building has no airconditioning, and uses much less electricity)

Staircases
designed to be appealing, in order to: reduce reliance on lifts (reduces electricity consumption) allow for interaction between co-workers (social benefits) create an architectural feature