07 HandoverControl 2006 06

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Course Content
Rud!c Rcscurcc Munucmcn! Ovcrv!c
lurumc!cr Ccn!uru!!cn
& Ccmmcn Chunnc!s lccr Ccn!rc!
lcud Ccn!rc!
\dm!ss!cn Ccn!rc!
luckc! Schcdu!!n
Hundcvcr Ccn!rc!
Rcscurcc Munucr
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Course Objectives
At the end of the module you will be able to:
N m n s r t r nt n ov r t p s
s r n l st t st ps o t n ov r
pro ur or n ov r t p
N m n s r t m n R N p r m t rs
r l t to n ov r r port n tr r n
s r t m n r n tw n nt r
s st m n ov r n ot r n ov r t p s
N m n s r t m n R N p r m t rs
r l t to nt r s st m n ov r
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Handover Control
Handover Types
Intra-Frequency Handover
SRNS Relocation
Inter-Frequency & Inter-System Handover
GSM ISHO
Overview of HSDPA mobility
Appendix
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Handover Types
Intra-Frequency Handovers
Softer Handover
Handover between sectors of the same Node B (handled by BTS)
No extra transmissions across Iub interface
Maximum Ratio Combining (MRC) is occurring in both the UL and DL
Soft Handover
MS simultaneously connected to multiple cells (from different Node Bs)
Extra transmission across Iub, more channel cards are needed (compared to
non-SHO)
Mobile Evaluated Handover (MEHO)
DL/UE: MRC & UL/RNC: Frame selection combining
Hard Handover
Arises when inter-RNC SHO is not possible (Iur not supported or Iur congestion)
Decision procedure is the same as SHO (MEHO and RNC controlled)
Causes temporary disconnection of the (RT) user
Inter-Frequency Handover
Can be intra-BS, intra-RNC, inter-RNC
Network Evaluated Handover (NEHO)
Decision algorithm located in RNC
Inter-RAT Handover
Handovers between GSM and WCDMA (NEHO)
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Soft Handover
/ M u!n m c!hcd !s sc! sc!cr H undcvcr
M S ccnncc!cd !c ! c cr m crc cc!!s
( | n !c 8 brunchcs cun bc uscd Mux\c!!vcSc!S!zc ) nurumc!cr
- Scum!css Hundcvcr !!hcu! unv d!sccnncc!!cn c |l R\N ccnncc!!cn
- % sc!cr Hundcvcr nrcbub!!!!v ubcu! 5 !5 : s c! Hundcvcr nrcbub!!!!v
- % ubcu! ?O 5O
Sumc nccr !cvc!s !n usc cr u!! sc! Hundcvcr brunchcs

On!!mum nccr !cvc!s cr !!nk quu!!!v und cc!! cunuc!!v
Mucrc D!vcrs!!v Ccmb!n!n ( ) MDC u!n !c rcducc nccr !cvc!s
( ) Mcb!!c lvu!uu!cd Hundcvcr MlHO

/ lnub!cs d!crcn! cc!! s!zcs duc !c Ccmmcn l!!c! Chunnc! lc Nc
mcusurcmcn!
On!!mum us! c!csc !ccn nccr ccn!rc! !n usc
Ou!cr !ccn lC u!cr MDC ccn!rc!s !hc lllR ucccrd!n !c sc! !urc! und
!hus mu!n!u!ns !hc quu!!!v
WCDMA F1 WCDMA F1 WCDMA F1

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Handover Control
Handover Types
Parameter Mapping
SHO Events and Measurements
Hard Handover & RRC Connection Release
SRNS Relocation
GSM ISHO
Overview HSDPA mobility
Appendix
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Handover Control Parameters
Handover are controlled mainly by four groups of parameters
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HC Parameter Database Structure
RNC = Rud!c Nc!crk Ccn!rc!!cr !cvc! nurumc!crs
"lTS = Ncdc l !cvc! nurumc!crs
"Clll = Cc!! !cvc! nurumc!crs
lMCx = ( = - ; = - lrcqucncv Mcusurcmcn! Ccn!rc! nurumc!crs S !n!ru rcqucncv sc! T !n!cr
; = - ) rcqucncv G !n!cr R\T
\DJx = ( = - ; = - ; = - ) \d(uccn! Cc!! nurumc!crs S !n!ru rcqucncv sc! T !n!cr rcqucncv G !n!cr R\T
HOlx = ( = - ; = - ; = - ) Hundcvcr lu!h nurumc!crs S !n!ru rcqucncv sc! T !n!cr rcqucncv G !n!cr R\T
: S Tn!ru
-
lrcquc
ncv
: S Tn!ru
-
lrcquc
ncv
: T Tn!cr
-
lrcquc
ncv
: T Tn!cr
-
lrcquc
ncv
: G Tn!cr
-
Svs!cm
: G Tn!cr
-
Svs!cm

WCELL
ADJG
ADJI
ADJS

WBTS
RNC
FMCS
FMCI
FMCG
100
100
100
HOPS
100
HOPI
100
HOPG
100
32
48
32
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ADJS, HOPS & FMCS
HO lurumc!cr
Cu!ccr!cs
- Tn!ru
lrcqucncv
- Tn!cr
lrcqucncv
- Tn!cr Svs!cm
Handover Control Parameters
RNC parameters
WCEL parameters
HOPS parameters
FMCS parameters
ADJS parameters
HOPI parameters
FMCI parameters
ADJI parameters
HOPG parameters
FMCG parameters
ADJG parameters
!OO
HOPS parameters
Cell Re-selection HCS Priority
Cell Re-selection HCS Threshold
Cell Re-selection Minimum Quality
Cell Re-selection Minimum RX Level
Cell Re-selection Penalty Time
Cell Re-selection Quality Offset 1
Cell Re-selection Quality Offset 2
Cell Re-selection Temporary Offset 1
Cell Re-selection Temporary Offset 2
CPICH Ec/No Averaging Window
Enable Inter-RNC Soft Handover
Enable RRC Connection Release
HHO Margin for Average Ec/No
HHO Margin for Peak Ec/No
Release Margin for Average Ec/No
Release Margin for Peak Ec/No
Dc!nc
Turc! Cc!!
Sc!cc!!cn
!
!OO
FMCS parameters
Active Set Weighting Coefficient
Addition Reporting Interval
Addition Time
Addition Window
CPICH Ec/No Filter Coefficient
CPICH Ec/No HHO Cancellation
CPICH Ec/No HHO Cancellation Time
CPICH Ec/No HHO Threshold
CPICH Ec/No HHO Time Hysteresis
CPICH RSCP HHO Cancellation
CPICH RSCP HHO Cancellation Time
CPICH RSCP HHO Filter Coefficient
CPICH RSCP HHO Threshold
CPICH RSCP HHO Time Hysteresis
Drop Time
Drop Window
Maximum Active Set Size
Replacement Reporting Interval
Replacement Time
Replacement Window
Dc!nc \d(uccn!
Cc!! Mcusurcmcn!
Ccn!rc!
!
: Tn GSM Dc!nc HO Tr!cr
( ): - HcThrcshc!dslcvDl Rx lDR O?
( ): ( ): dlm lx lDl 8 Nx lDN
4
Dc!nc Turc!
Cc!!
Sc!cc!!cn
: - Rx lcv M!n Cc!! O5
dlm
Dc!nc \d(
Cc!!
8!
ADJS parameters
Cell Identifier
CPICH Ec/No Offset
Disable Effect on Reporting Range
Location Area Code
Maximum UE TX Power on RACH
Mobile Country Code
Mobile Network Code
Mobile Network Code Len
Primary CPICH power
NRT HOPS Identifier
Primary Scrambling Code
RNC Identifier
Routing Area Code
RT HOPS Identifier
Tx Diversity Indicator
Dc!nc \d(
Cc!!
!
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SHO: Neighbour Cell Definition
Each intra-frequency neighbour (ADJS) is identified using ADJSid (ADJS)
The ADJS parameters provide information on the identity of each neighbour
cell together with its properties (i.e. Handover parameter set identifier,
scrambling code etc..)
Each neighbour cell is defined using the UTRAN cell identifier which comprises
= + + + |TR\N Cc!! Tdcn!!!cr MCC MNC RNC !dcn!!!cr Cc!!
!dcn!!!cr
= + + + |TR\N Cc!! Tdcn!!!cr MCC MNC RNC !dcn!!!cr Cc!!
!dcn!!!cr
l uch nc!hbcr cc!! !s dc!ncd us!n !hc |TR\N cc!! !dcn!!!cr h!ch
; ccmnr!scs
MCC ( ) Mcb!!c Ccun!rv Ccdc = \d(sMCC
MNC ( ) Mcb!!c Nc!crk Ccdc = \d(sMNC
RNC Tdcn!!!cr = \d(sRNC!d
Cc!! Tdcn!!!cr = \d(sCT
T ( hc l\C \d(sl\C) & ( R\C \d(sR\C) urc u!sc !n \DJS nurumc!cr sc!
\DJS lurumc!crs
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Neighbour Cell Definition
Separate Handover Parameter Set (HOPS) identifiers for real time(RT)
& non-real time(NRT) traffic
Each HOPS object is identified by a unique HOPSid (HOPS) in the RNC
- on to which the xxHopsIdentifierparameters are mapped to
identify the appropriate HOPS parameter set for that particular
neighbor cell
Primary scrambling code for neighbor cell specified using

AdjsScrCode
AdjsTxDiv specifies whether the neighbor cell is using Tx diversity
AdjsTxPwrRACHdetermines the maximum power the UE can use on
the PRACH when accessing the neighbor cell
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\d(sMCC
\d(sMNC
\d(sRNC!d
\d(sCT
|TR\N Cc!! TD
\DJS!d
Mux\c!!vcSc!S!zc
RNC
\d(sScrCcdc
\d(sTxD!v
\d(sTxlrR\CH
: RT HO Ccn!rc! lurumc!cr R!HcnsTdcn!!!cr
: NRT HO Ccn!rc! lurumc!cr Nr!HcnsTdcn!!!cr
: NRT HO Ccn!rc! lurumc!cr H S D l\ H c n sTd c n !!!c r
SHO: Neighbour Cell Definition
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Maximum number of neighbours
The maximum number of neighbours that can be defined in RNC
database is
31 neighbours + serving cell = 32 cells to measure
Total: max. 111 in RNC database
Limitation due to specifications of SIB11/12 size

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Maximum number of neighbours SIB11
length limitation
3GPP has inconsistent requirements concerning the maximum number of
neighbouring cells that can be broadcasted in the SIB 11 and 12
SIB 11 and 12 can contain information on the maximum of 96 cells (32 intra-
frequency cells, 32 inter-frequency cells and 32 GSM cells)
On the other hand, the physical size of SIB data (no more than 3552 bits) has
capacity only for about (depending on the type etc.) 47 cells!!
If too many adjacencies are declared, the cell will go blocked by system with
alarm: 7771 WCDMA CELL OUT OF USE (BCCH scheduling error) in RAN04
As a rule of thumb, assuming that
= , = , = \DJS !5 \DJG !5 \DJT !5
, = und rcu!!s!!c crs! cusc vu!ucs STl!! !cn!h . < -> !! 8!8 5 855? O|
Scmc s!!cs m!h! nccd udd!!!cnu! nc!hbcrs und m!h! ncsc u nrcb!cm !!h !hc
STl!! !!m!!u!!cn
\vc!d sc!!!n \d(sOcsc!? , vu!ucs d!crcn! ClTCH vu!ucs cr c!hcr nurumc!crs
uscd !c !unc cc!! rcsc!cc!!cn cr hundcvcr
. / lur!hcr !ncrmu!!cn Tcchn!cu! Nc!c Nc O4G Rcs!r!c!!cn cn numbcr c
/ . cc!!s !n STl!! !? duc !c !nccns!s!cncv nrcb!cm !n 8Gll TS ?5 88!
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Handover Control
Handover Types
Parameters Mapping
SRNS Relocation
GSM ISHO
Appendix
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Soft Handover
HC supports the following measurement reporting events and features:
Handover decision performed by RNC based on measurements and

available resources
Admission Control can reject the branch addition in case the maximum
load is achieved in DL (threshold + offset), valid both for RT and NRT
bitrates.
Hard blocking may prevent branch addition
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SHO: Measurement Averaging
The Handover measurement is based on CPICH Ec/Io
The accuracy of pilot Ec/Io measurements is important for Handover
performance
Measurement accuracy depends on the filtering length and mobile speed.
When a MS moves slowly or is stationary, filtering length (in ms) has to be just
long enough to avoid fast fades leading to errors and causing unnecessary
Handovers within a short period.
Long filtering length will cause Handover delays to fast moving MS
UE can perform averaging on EC/IO measurement prior to the event reporting
process
lcNcl!!!crCcc!c!cn! (FMCS) defines the filtering period for intra-frequency
CPICH EC/IO measurements used by UE (default = 200ms)
Similar filter than in Higher Layer Filtering of common and dedicated BTS
measurements
RNC averages CPICH Ec/Io measurements using lcNc\vcru!n"!ndc (HOPS)
defines the number of event triggered or periodic intra-frequency measurement
reports used by RNC to calculate averaged CPICH EC/IO (default = 8
Measurements)
Used for intra-frequency hard handovers
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SHO: Measurement Averaging Filter
response
Filter response
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
t 1 3 5 7 9
1
1
1
3
1
5
1
7
1
9
2
1
2
3
2
5
2
7
2
9
3
1
3
3
Measurements
V
a
l
u
e
,

d
B
Measured
Filtered, k = 3
Filtered, k = 5
Filter response
-12
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
t
1 3 5 7 9
1
1
1
3
1
5
1
7
1
9
2
1
2
3
2
5
2
7
2
9
3
1
3
3
Measurements
V
a
l
u
e
,

d
B
Measured
Filtered, k = 3
Filtered, k = 5
D ccrcusc ccc! c nc!sc
D c!uv !c us! chuncs
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SHO: Measurement Control
Ncdc l
|TR\N
RNC
|l
Mcusurcmcn! Ccn!rc!
[ ]
T um !n !hc
Clll_DCH - sub s!u!c
: - Mcusurcmcn! Tvnc Tn!ru rcqucncv mcusurcmcn!s
: Rcncr!!n cvcn!s
: !\ \ nr!murv ClTCH cn!crs !hc rcncr!!n runc
: !l \ nr!murv ClTCH !cuvcs !hc rcncr!!n runc
: - !C \ ncn uc!!vc ClTCH bcccmcs bc!!cr !hun un uc!!vc nr!murv ClTCH
/ lcr!cd!cu! rcncr!!n cvcn! !r!crcd
: / Mcusurcmcn! quun!!!v ClTCH lc Nc
. c!c
[ ] Svs!cm Tncrmu!!cn
/ STl !! !?
lcNcl!!!crCcc!c!cn!
Mcusurcmcn! uccurucv dcncnds
cn
& snccd
l!!!cr Ccc!c!cn!
lcNc\vcru!n"!ndc
\nn!!cd cr uvcru!n c
. ncr!cd!cu! mcus rcncr!s
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1A: A Primary CPICH Enters the Reporting
Range
Reporting range defined by offset (point 1 on next slide) from either
(i) best CPICH Ec/Io in the AS, or

(ii) sum of the AS measurement results
set using ActiveSetWeightingCoefficient (FMCS) (0 = use best CPICH : <>0 = use
sum)
Offset defined using AdditionWindow (FMCS)
Event 1A triggered when CPCIH3 E

c
/I
o
enters UE reporting range (point 2)
If CPICH3 E
c
/I
o
remains within reporting range for a time period defined by
AdditionTime (FMCS) , and the AS is not full, UE sends measurement report to
RNC which adds Ncell3 to AS if possible (point 3)
AdditionTime defines the 'time-to-trigger' interval between the Ncell first entering
the reporting range and the UE sending the measurement report to the RNC
If RNC is unable to add Ncell to AS, UE will wait for a period of time, defined by
AdditionReportingInterval (FMCS) (point 4) after the first measurement report,
before sending further reports periodically, with interval
AdditionReportingInterval, until (a) Ncell moves out of reporting range, or (b)
RNC adds Ncell to AS.
?
8
!
4
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Range
Strongest CPICH in AS
time
l
c
/ T
c
P CPICH 3
P CPICH 1
P CPICH 2
!
?
\dd!!!cn"!ndc
\dd!!!cnT!mc
\dd!!!cnRcncr!!nTn!crvu!
RNC
Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!
\dd
!c
!hc
\S'
nc
\c!!vcSc!"c!h!!nCcc!c!cn!
8
4
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Range
Reporting criteria of event 1A in 25.331/RRC Measurement Control :
Reporting Cell Status: All active cells + 2 monitored cells.
Triggering Condition: Monitored Set cells
Reporting Range Constant AdditionWindow / 4 dB
Cells forbidden to affect Reporting range: AdjsDERR / Enable
W: ActiveSetWeightingCoefficient/ 0
Time to trigger: AdditionTime/ 0 = 0 ms
Reporting deactivation threshold: MaxActiveSetSize = 3
Amount of reporting: infinity
Reporting interval: AdditionReportingInterval/ O.5 s

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1B: A Primary CPICH Leaves the Reporting
Range
Event 1B triggered when CPICH3 E

C
/I
0
drops out of the UE reporting range for a
defined period of time (point 1 on next slide)
Reporting range = Strongest CPICH in AS - DropWindow (FMCS) (point 2)
Time-to-trigger period set using DropTime (FMCS) (point 3)
UE sends RNC measurement report on expiry of DropTime to remove Ncell

(CPICH3) from AS.
RNC drops the cell from the AS and UE drops the cell from the AS to the Neighbour
Set
!
?
8
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Strongest CPICH in AS
time
l
c
/T
c
P CPICH 3
P CPICH 1
P CPICH 2
!
?
8
Drcn"!ndc
DrcnT!mc
Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!
1B: A Primary CPICH leaves the Reporting
Range
Rcmcvc !hc rcncr!cd cc!! rcm !hc \S
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1B: A Primary CPICH Leaves the Reporting
Range
Reporting criteria of event 1B in 25.331/RRC Measurement Control :
Reporting cell Status: 3 active cells
Triggering Condition: Active cells
Reporting Range Constant: DropWindow / 4 dB
Cells forbidden to affect Reporting range AdjsDERR / Enable
W : ActiveSetWeightingCoefficient / 0
Time to trigger: DropTime / 320 ms

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rcncr!Cr!!cr!u
: { !n!rulrcqRcncr!!nCr!!cr!u
{ cvcn!Cr!!cr!ul!s!
{
: { cvcn! c!u
!r!cr!nCcnd!!!cn
mcn!!crcdSc!Cc!!sOn!v,
rcncr!!nRunc 4,
, O
, rcncr!Dcuc!!vu!!cnThrcshc!d !?
- , rcncr!!n\mcun! ru Tn!n!!v
- rcncr!!nTn!crvu! r!O 5
},
, hvs!crcs!s O
, !!mcTcTr!cr !!!!OO
rcncr!!nCc!!S!u!us
: u!!\c!!vcn!usMcn!!crcdSc!
v!uc!Cc!!sl!us?
}
: { cvcn! c!b
!r!cr!nCcnd!!!cn
uc!!vcSc!Cc!!sOn!v,
rcncr!!nRunc G,
O
},
, hvs!crcs!s O
, !!mcTcTr!cr !!!G4O
rcncr!!nCc!!S!u!us
: !!h!n\c!!vcSc! c8
},
lx!ruc! rcm
STl !!
STl !! ccn!u!ns !hc rc!cvun!
nurumc!crs !c rcud hcn !n !d!c mcdc
Thcsc urc vu!!d !n ccnncc!cd mcdc
nr!cr !c rccc!v!n !hc mcusurcmcn!
ccn!rc! !hu! cvcrr!!cs !hcm
: Tn !h!s cxumn!c
= ( \dd!!!cn !ndc ? dl uc!cr c ?
munn!n bc!ccn !hc s!nu!!cd vu!uc
, . und !hc uc!uu! vu!uc TS ?5 88!
) dc!ncs !h!s munn!n
= \dd!!!cn !!mc !OO ms
= Rcncr!!n !n!crvu! 5OO ms
= ( Drcn !ndc 8 dl uc!cr c ?
munn!n bc!ccn !hc s!nu!!cd vu!uc
) und !hc uc!uu! vu!uc
= Drcn !!mc G4O ms
Soft and Softer Handover (case1)
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1C: A non-active CPICH becomes better than
an active primary CPICH
UE AS full (MaxActiveSetSize = 3)
Event 1C triggered when CPICH4 E

C
/I
O
> CPICH3 in AS by a defined margin,
ReplacementWindow (FMCS). (point 1 in next slide)
Sending of measurement report to RNC can be delayed by using 'time-to-trigger'
period set by ReplacementTime (FMCS)
If 'time-to-trigger' is used difference between CPICH4 and CPICH3 must be

( 2)
If the RNC is not able to replace the Ncells, the UE continues to send measurement
reports periodically, with interval ReplacementReportingInterval, to the RNC
until (a) CPICH4 falls out of ReplacementWindow or (b) RNC replaces CPICH4
by CPICH3 (point 3)
8
!
?
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time
weakest CPICH3 in AS
l
c
/ T
c
P CPICH 3
P CPICH 1
P CPICH 2
P CPICH 4
\S hus 8 cc!!s
Rcn!uccmcn!Rcncr!!nTn!crvu!
8
!
?
Rcn!uccmcn!"!ndc
Rcn!uccmcn!T!mc
Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!
RNC
\S
undu
!c'
nc
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Reporting criteria of event 1C in 25.331/RRC Measurement Control :
Reporting cell Status: All active cells + 2 monitored cells.
Hysteresis: ReplacementWindow / 2 dB
Time to trigger: ReplacementTime / 0 = 0 ms
Replacement activation threshold : MaxActiveSetSize / 3
Reporting interval: ReplacementReportingInterval / 0.5s

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: { cvcn! c!c
rcn!uccmcn!\c!!vu!!cnThrcshc!d
, !8
- , rcncr!!n\mcun! ru Tn!n!!v
- rcncr!!nTn!crvu! r!O 5
},
hvs!crcs!s 4,
, !!mcTcTr!cr !!!!OO
rcncr!!nCc!!S!u!us
: !!h!n\c!!vcSc! c8
}
lx!ruc! rcm STl !!
. ccn!
Soft and Softer Handover (case 2)
In this example:
Replacement window = 1 dB
Replacement time = 100 ms
Reporting interval = 500 ms
Replacement window requires mapping to its true
value according to:
4/(2*2) = 1 dB
There are two mappings first is the signalled value to actual value mapping and second
is the way in which hysteresis is applied in the event triggering equation (TS25.331)
Once in connected mode the networks sends the same set of information elements via a
measurement control message
Nokias implementation is that the values in the measurement control message are the
same as those within SIB 11
Events 6F and 6G are configured in a similar fashion i.e. within SIB 11 and subsequently
with a measurement control message
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Individual Ncell Offset &
Forbidding Neighbour Cell from Reporting
Range
Individual Ncell Offset

cell individual offsets for modifying measurement reporting behaviour
effectively 'moves' cell border (shrinks or enlarges cell)
offset set using AdjsEcNoOffset (= CPICH Ec/No Offset) (ADJS)
offset applied to Primary CPICH measurements before event evaluation by the UE
Forbidding Neighbour Cells from Reporting Range

the primary CPICH of certain cells can be forbidden from reporting range calculation
in some instances
cells can be forbidden from reporting range using AdjsDERR (ADJS)
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Individual Ncell Offset
!!mc
l ClTCH !
l ClTCH ?
l ClTCH 8
Rcncr!!
n
Runc
Rcncr!!n
lvcn! !l
Rcncr!!n
lvcn! !\
\d(slcNcOsc!
ln!ur!n Cc!! 8 bv x dl
l
c
/ T
c
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Forbidding Neighbour Cell from Reporting
Range
T!mc
l ClTCH !
l ClTCH ?
l ClTCH 8
lClTCH8 !s crb!ddcn
!c ucc! !hc
rcncr!!n runc us
!!s quu!!!v !s qu!!c
. uns!ub!c
Rcncr!
!n
Runc
\d(sDlRR
l
c
/ T
c
N - ?OOG Nck!u
l runch udd!!!cn
: ( ) RRC Mcusurcmcn! Rcncr! c!u
: RRC \c!!vc Sc! |ndu!c
: RRC \c!!vc Sc! |ndu!c Ccmn!c!c
: ( ) RRC Mcusurcmcn! Rcncr! c!b
: RRC \c!!vc Sc! |ndu!c
: RRC \c!!vc Sc! |ndu!c Ccmn!c!c

|
l
m
c
v
!
n
l runch dc!c!!cn
Soft Handover signalling
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lvcn! !\
( ) \dd
lvcn! !l
( ) Drcn
lvcn! !C
(Rcn!ucc
)
\c!!vc sc!
+ cc!!s
? mcn!!crcd
sc!
cc!!s
Mcn!!crcd
sc!
cc!!s
\dd!!!cn
/ "!ndc 4 dl
\c!!vc sc!
cc!!s
\c!!vc sc!
cc!!s
Drcn
/ "!ndc
G dl
\c!!vc sc!
+ cc!!s
? mcn!!crcd
sc!
cc!!s
-
Rcn!uccmcn!
/ "!ndc 4 dl
\dd!!!cn
T!mc
/ O ms
\dd!!!cn
Rcncr!!n
Tn!crvu!
/ . O 5 s
Drcn !!mc
/ 8?O ms
-
Rcn!uccmcn
!
/ !!mc O ms
Rcn!uccmcn!
Rcncr!!n
/ Tn!crvu!
!s
lvcn!
Rcncr!!n
cc!!
s!u!us
Tr!cr!n
Ccnd!!!cn
Rcncr!!n
/ Runc
Hvs!crcs!s
T!mc !c
Tr!cr
Rcncr!!n
Tn!crvu!
SHO Summary
3GPP reporting events 1A, 1B and 1C (also 6F and 6G)
CPICH Ec/Io is used as a measurement quantity rather than CPICH RSCP
CPICH Ec/Io measurements are more accurate
1A and 1B reporting range is defined by strongest active set cell
1C reporting range is defined by weakest active set cell
N - ?OOG Nck!u
UE Internal Measurements
SHO for synchronisation reason:
Event 6F: The UE Rx-Tx time difference for a Radio Link (RL) included in the
active set becomes larger than an absolute threshold Reporting
Reporting event 6G: The UE Rx-Tx time difference for a RL included in the active
set becomes smaller than an absolute threshold
Estimation of these events:
Based on UE Rx-Tx time difference
Measurement configuration:
Time-to-trigger: not used.
6F: UE Rx-Tx time difference threshold: UpperRxTxTimeDiff
default: 1174 chips, range:1152 ... 1280 chips, step 1 chip

6G: UE Rx-Tx time difference threshold: LowerRxTxTimeDiff
default: 874 chips range: 768 ... 896 chips, step 1 chip
NOTE: Some UEs might not support these events
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Ncdc l
|TR\N
RNC
|l
Mcusurcmcn! Ccn!rc!
[ ]
T um !n !hc
Clll_DCH - sub s!u!c
: Mcusurcmcn! Tvnc |l Tn!crnu! mcusurcmcn!s
: Rcncr!!n cvcn!s
: - Gl Thc |l Rx Tx !!mc d!crcncc cr u Rl !nc!udcd !n !hc uc!!vc sc! bcccmcs !urcr !hun un ubsc!u!c !hrcshc!d Rcncr!!n
: - GG Thc |l Rx Tx !!mc d!crcncc cr u Rl !nc!udcd !n !hc uc!!vc sc! bcccmcs smu!!cr !hun un ubsc!u!c !hrcshc!d
Dl
ncm
!!mc
T
O
|l DlCH
!!mc
!!mc
Gl
GG
UE Internal Measurements
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Measurement Report Updating
Measurement reporting criteria are cell specific
Neighbouring cells (ADJS and HOPS parameters) are defined on a controlling cell
(cell from which the call has been started or best cell in case the original cell
has been deleted from the active set)
During SHO the measurement reporting criteria are taken from the cell where
the UE has started the connection
The measurement reporting criteria are updated only when the original cell
leaves the Active Set (Nokia Implementation), according to the strongest cell
in the Active Set, by sending the MEASUREMENT CONTROL message,
transmitted on the downlink DCCH. Standard would allow to update reporting
criteria, according the current best server.
When the UE receives a MEASUREMENT CONTROL message, the UE shall stop
monitoring and measurement reporting and shall replace the measurement
reporting criteria with the new information received in the MEASUREMENT
CONTROL message.
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Measurements Reporting Criteria Updating
during Soft Handover
Cc!! !
Cc!! ?
Nc!hbcur l!s!
Cc!!!
\dd!!!cn "!ndc
Cc!!!
Drcn "!ndc
Cc!!!
Drcn T!mc
Cc!!!
. ! Td!c
Mcdc
Svs!cm
Tncrmu!!cn
( ) lCCH
: llST Scrvcr Cc!!
!
: llST Scrvcr Cc!!
!
. ? Ccnncc!cd
: Mcdc
Cc!!_DCH
Thc |l shu!! ccn!!nuc mcn!!cr!n !hc !!s! c nc!hbcr !n cc!!s uss!ncd !n Svs!cm Tncrmu!!cn dur!n Td!c Mcdc
Thc |l shu!! ccn!!nuc mcn!!cr!n !hc !!s! c nc!hbcr !n cc!!s uss!ncd !n Svs!cm Tncrmu!!cn dur!n Td!c Mcdc
Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!!n
Cr!!cr!u
ucccrd!n !c
Cc!! !
Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!!n
Cr!!cr!u
ucccrd!n !c
Cc!! !
. Thc |l shu!! scnd !hc Ml\S|RlMlNT RllORT mcssuc hcn rcncr!!n cr!!cr!u urc u!!!!cd
. Thc |l shu!! scnd !hc Ml\S|RlMlNT RllORT mcssuc hcn rcncr!!n cr!!cr!u urc u!!!!cd
Ccnncc!cd
: Mcdc
Cc!!_DCH
. 8
Ml\S|RlMlNT
RllORT
( ) DCCH
Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!!n
Cr!!cr!u
ucccrd!n !c
Cc!! !
Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!!n
Cr!!cr!u
ucccrd!n !c
Cc!! !
- Tn!ru rcqucncv Mcusurcmcn!
( ). Thc mcusurcmcn! rcncr!!n cr!!cr!u urc undu!cd us sccn us !hc cr!!nu! cc!! drcns cu! rcm !hc \c!!vc Sc! Nck!u Tmn!cmcn!u!!cn
( ). Thc mcusurcmcn! rcncr!!n cr!!cr!u urc undu!cd us sccn us !hc cr!!nu! cc!! drcns cu! rcm !hc \c!!vc Sc! Nck!u Tmn!cmcn!u!!cn
Ccnncc!cd
: Mcdc
Cc!!_DCH
. 4
Ml\S|RlMlNT
CONTROl
( ) DCCH
Nc!hbcur l!s!
Cc!!?
\dd!!!cn "!ndc
Cc!!?

Drcn "!ndc
Cc!!?

Drcn T!mc
Cc!!?
: llST Scrvcr Cc!!
?
: llST Scrvcr Cc!!
?
Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!!n
Cr!!cr!u
ucccrd!n !c
Cc!! ?
Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!!n
Cr!!cr!u
ucccrd!n !c
Cc!! ?
Rcncr!!n Cr!!cr!u |ndu!!n
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Neighbour List Measurement during SHO
Cc!! !
Cc!! ?
\dd!!!cn "!ndc
Cc!!!
Drcn "!ndc
Cc!!!
Drcn T!mc
Cc!!!
. ! Svs!cm
Tncrmu!!cn
( ) lCCH
: llST Scrvcr Cc!! !
: llST Scrvcr Cc!! !
Nc!hbcur l!s! Cc!! !
Nc!hbcur l!s! Cc!! !

Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!!n
Cr!!cr!u

ucccrd!n !c Cc!!
!

Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!!n
Cr!!cr!u

ucccrd!n !c Cc!!
!
: \c!!vc Sc! Cc!!
!
: \c!!vc Sc! Cc!!
!
?
8
5
?
8
5
. 8 Ml\S|RlMlNT RllORT
( ) DCCH
!\
!l
. G Ml\S|RlMlNT RllORT
( ) DCCH
. 4 \CTT\l SlT
|lD\Tl
. 8 Ml\S|RlMlNT
( ) CONTROl DCCH
\dd!!!cn "!ndc
Cc!!?

Drcn "!ndc
Cc!!?

Drcn T!mc
Cc!!?
: llST Scrvcr Cc!! ?
: llST Scrvcr Cc!! ?
Mcusurcmcn!

Rcncr!!n Cr!!cr!u

ucccrd!n !c Cc!! ?
Mcusurcmcn!

Rcncr!!n Cr!!cr!u

ucccrd!n !c Cc!! ?
Nc!hbcur l!s!
|ndu!c
!
8
4
!
8
4
Nc!hbcur l!s! Cc!! ?
Nc!hbcur l!s! Cc!! ?
: \c!!vc Sc! Cc!!
?
: \c!!vc Sc! Cc!!
?
. . Mcus Rcn
Cr!!cr!u
|ndu!c

Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!!n
Cr!!cr!u

ucccrd!n !c Cc!!
!

Mcusurcmcn!
Rcncr!!n
Cr!!cr!u

ucccrd!n !c Cc!!
!
8
!
4
?
5
8
!
4
?
5
Nc!hbcur l!s! Ccmb!nu!!cn
Nc!hbcur l!s! Ccmb!nu!!cn
Nc!hbcur l!s!
|ndu!c
. 5 Ml\S|RlMlNT
( ) CONTROl DCCH
: - \c!!vc Sc! Cc!!! Cc!!?
: - \c!!vc Sc! Cc!!! Cc!!?
. ?
Sc!u
n
Cu!!
. ?
Sc!u
n
Cu!!
. \CTT\l SlT
|lD\Tl
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Inter-RNC Soft HO
Inter-RNC soft Handovers are
performed if:
RNC: IurUPSupport indicates the
support of the user plane over Iur
HOPS: EnableInterRNCsho indicates
whether cell can participate in a SHO
lnub!cTn!crRNCshc
cell
3
cell
2
cell
1
cell
4
cell
6
cell
5
RNC
RNC
Tur|lSunncr!
lnub!cTn!crRNCshc
, O !hcr !sc H C
chccks hc!hcr
H urd H undcvcr !s
ncss!b!c
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Handover Control
Handover Types
Intra-Frequency Handover:
Parameters Mapping
SRNS Relocation
GSM ISHO
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Hard Handover
If RNC is not able to add (Event 1A) to or replace (Event 1C) an Ncell from
the AS, UE sends periodic measurement reports
(AdditionReportingInterval / ReplacementReportingInterval) until;
Ncell is added/replaced in to AS
Ncell leaves reporting range
HO no longer required (e.g. different Ncell enters AS)
RNC may not be able to add/replace Ncell due to (a) Iur congestion or (b)
inter-RNC SHO is prevented due to setting of EnableInterRNCsho
(HOPS) (Point 1 in next slide)
If CPICH E
C
/N
O
of non-active Ncell continues to increase it will cause
additional interference due to a non-optimal connection (point 2)
!
?
N - ?OOG Nck!u
HHO decision
To avoid excessive uplink interference, RNC will perform an intra-
frequency hard Handover if either of the following criteria are
met
+ \vclcNcDcn!!nk HHcMur!nlcr\vclcNc( ) < n
( ) \vlcNcNcc!! n
+ lcNcDcn!!nk HHcMur!nlcuklcNc( ) < ( ) n lcNcNcc!! n
( ) = \vclcNcDcn!!nk und \vlcNcNcc!! n mcusurcd vu!ucs cr !hc bcs! \S cc!!
und !hc n
!h
, NS cc!! uvcrucd cvcr lcNc\vcru!n"!ndc mcusurcmcn!s
( ) = lcNcDcn!!nk und lcNcNcc!! n !ns!un!unccus vu!ucs
HHcMur!nlcr\vclcNc ( ) = HOlS uvcruc l

c
/N
O
[- ] , mur!n G G dl dcuu!! !dl
HHOMur!nlcuklcNc ( ) = HOlS ncuk l

c
/N
O
[- ] , mur!n G G dl dcuu!! ?dl
8
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Time
l
c
/ T
c
P CPICH 3
P CPICH 1
P CPICH 2
Rcncr!!n
runc
\dd!!!cnRcncr!!nTn!crvu!
!
?
HHOMur!n\vcruclcNc
HHOMur!nlcuklcNc
( !\ \dd!!!cnT!mc = ) O
+ \vclcNcDcn!!nk HHOMur!n\vclcNc <
\vclcNcNcc!!
+ lcNcDcn!!nk HHOMur!nlcuklcNc < lcNONcc!!
Hard Handover
8
N - ?OOG Nck!u
RRC Connection Release
If difference between the best AS cell and the NS cell is too high and SHO is not
performed, the RRC connection is released to avoid excessive interference
Why might an AS update not be possible?
Excessive load in the neighbor ing cell
Hard blocking in the target BTS
Unavailability of DL spreading codes
Iub transport resources unavailable
This function is activated by EnableRRCRelease (HOPS parameter)/0=no (def),1 =yes
The RRC connection is released if either:
AveEcNoDownlink + ReleaseMarginForAveEcNo(n) < AvEcNoNcell(n)
EcNoDownlink + ReleaseMarginPeakEcNo(n) < EcNoNcell(n)

ReleaseMarginForAveEcNo (HOPS) = average E
b
/N
0
margin [-6 6] dB, default 2.5dB
ReleaseMarginPeakEcNo (HOPS) = peak E
b
/N
0
margin [-6 6] dB, default 3.5dB
Emergency calls are exempt from RRC Connection Release process
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Handover Control
Handover Types
SRNS Relocation
Traffic Balancing
GSM ISHO
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Inter-RNC Mobility
Most of the times the UE hands over among WBTS belonging to the same RNC
(Intra-RNC Handovers)
However, what happens when the target WBTS is under a different WBTS??
3GPP gives two different options to handle inter-RNC mobility in WCDMA
Anchoring: the UE will be connected to the CN via the old RNC. It is required
Iur connection between the RNCs involved
SRNS relocation: the UE will be connected to the CN via the new RNC. It is the
Nokia implemented method
* ) SRNS rc!ccu!!cn nccds ccrc
nc! crk
; sunncr! | l sunncr! m undu!crv !n
8G ll
CN
RNC RNC
Tu Tu
Tur
CN
RNC RNC
Tu
Tu
Tur
\nchcr!n
CN
RNC RNC
Tu Tu
Tur
CN
RNC RNC
Tu Tu
Tur
*) SRNS rc!ccu!!cn
N - ?OOG Nck!u
RNC
RNC
RNC
RNC
RNC
RNC
RNC
RNC
RNC
RNC
SRNS Rc!ccu!!cn
SRNS Rc!ccu!!cn SRNS Rc!ccu!!cn
SRNS Rc!ccu!!cn
Cu!! !!! drcn
SRNC unchcrcd
( ) \nchcr RNC SRNC
SRNS \nchcr!n
( ), , \!cr !hc !us! brunch rcm !hc SRNC hus bccn dc!c!cd cvcn! !b und u!! !hc Rl bc!cn !c !hc DRNC !hc Rc!ccu!!cn !s !r!crcd
SRNS Relocation
N - ?OOG Nck!u
SRNC Relocation
The SRNC relocation is used for moving the SRNC functionality from
one RNC to another RNC, that is, closer to where the UE has moved
during the communication. Both the radio access network and the
core network are involved
An inter-RNC Hard Handover can be associated to the SRNS relocation,

if so the relocation is UE involved, since the UE is ordered to switch to
another carrier or to replace the whole active by sending a HHO
command to the UE during the relocation procedure. An inter-RNC
Hard Handover can be due to:
N - ?OOG Nck!u
UE not involved SRNC Relocation for RT
UE Target RNC
SRNC Relocation Decision
SRNC operation
started
CN
UP switching
User plane set -up
RANAP:Relocation Required
RANAP:Relocation Request
RANAP:Relocation Request Ack
RANAP:Relocation complete
RRC:UTRAN Mobility Information
RANAP:Relocation Command
RNSAP:Relocation Commit
RANAP:Relocation Detect
RRC:UTRAN Mobility Information Confirm
RANAP:Iu Release
RANAP:Iu Release Complete
User plane release
Source RNC
SRNC Relocation is initiated in the

Serving RNC when all the cells of the active
set belong to a different RNC. The SRNC
sends a Relocation Required
The CN evaluates if the relocation is possible
and in that case, it sends a Relocation
Request to the target RNC with
parameters for the bearer establishment
Relocation Command sent from CN to
Source RNC with UTRAN information and
bearer parameters
After that, the Source RNC sends Relocation
Commit message over Iur to the Target
RNC
When target RNC starts to act as Serving
RNC, it sends a Relocation Detect message
to CN. This message has no parameters
At the same time UTRAN Mobility
Information is sent to the UE, to inform
that the relocation is performed
After the confirm, the target RNC informs CN
with Relocation Complete message that
the relocation procedure was successful
and Iu is released from source RNC
S!ur!
Rc!cclrcn
S!cn
Rc!cclrcn
S!ur!
Rc!ccOvcru!!
S!ur!
Rc!ccOvcru!!
S!cn
Rc!ccOvcru!!
S!cn
Rc!ccOvcru!!
Rc!ccu!!cnSunncr!
=!
NrncRc!ccu!!cnSunncr!
=!
N - ?OOG Nck!u
UE involved: Combined SRNC Relocation and inter-RNC HHO for
RT
UE Target RNC
SRNC Relocation Decision
L1 sync. Established
between BTS and UE
CN
UP switching
User plane set -up
RANAP:Relocation Required
RANAP:Relocation Request
RANAP:Relocation Request Ack
RANAP:Relocation complete
Physical Ch Reconfig Complete
RANAP:Relocation Command
Physical Channel Reconfiguration
RANAP:Relocation Detect
RANAP:Iu Release
RANAP:Iu Release Complete
User plane release
Source RNC
Because there is no Iur interface, combined

SRNS relocation and HHO are done before
the UE is completely under the target RNC
The procedure is quite similar to the not UE
involved case until Relocation Command
The only difference in the Relocation
Required message, the Relocation Type IE
is set to "UE involved in relocation of SRNS"
Instead of Relocation Commit via Iur, the

serving RNC sends a Physical CH
Reconfiguration, after which the UE stops
transmitting and receiving on the old radio
links and starts on the new radio link
Rc!ccu!!cnSunncr!
=!
NrncRc!ccu!!cnSunncr!
=!
S!ur!
Rc!cclrcn
S!cn
Rc!cclrcn
S!ur!
Rc!ccOvcru!!
S!cn
Rc!ccOvcru!!
S!ur!
Rc!ccOvcru!!
S!cn
Rc!ccOvcru!!
N - ?OOG Nck!u
SRNC Relocation Parameters
TRelocPrep : range = 1 ... 16 s, step 1 s, default = 6s
Specifies the maximum time for Relocation Preparation procedure in the source RNC. The
timer is set when a Relocation Required message is sent. The timer is stopped when a
Relocation Command or a Relocation Preparation Failure message is received
TRelocOverall : range = 1 ... 16 s, step 1 s, default = 8s
This timer is used in both source and target RNC. In the source RNC specifies the maximum
time for the protection of overall Relocation procedure. It is set in the source RNC when a
Relocation Command message is received; and it is stopped when an Iu Release
Command is received, or the relocation procedure is cancelled.
The timer is set in the target RNC when a Relocation Request Acknowledge message is
sent. The timer is stopped when a Relocation Complete message is sent, or the relocation
procedure is cancelled
T_Reloc_Inhibit_NRT : fixed to 5s
The timer is started in source RNC when a SRNC relocation procedure is triggered for a NRT
RAB(s) in a Cell_DCH state. The SRNC relocation procedure is inhibited as long as a DCH
is used for the NRT RAB(s) or this timer expires
TDataFwd : fixed to 4s
The timer is set when a SRNS Data Forward Command message (or a Relocation Command
message) is received from the PS CN. The timer is internally stopped in the SRNC when
the SRNS Data Forwarding procedure has been completed
RelocationSupport : range = 0 (Not supported), 1 (Supported), default value = 1
RNC object parameter, identifies whether the Core Network supports the relocation of
SRNC or not
NrncRelocationSupport : range = 0 (Not supported), 1 (Supported), default = 1
RNC object parameter, identifies whether a neighbouring RNC supports relocation of SRNC
or not
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Handover Control
Handover Types
SRNS Relocation

Measurement triggering
Inter-Frequency & Inter-System Measurements
Compressed-Mode

Forced AMR voice call handover to GSM
GSM ISHO
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
IFHO/ISHO Process Overview
HO Tr!cr!n Thrcshc!ds sc! !n
RNC
HO Tr!cr!n Thrcshc!ds sc! !n
RNC
lvcn! Tr!crcd
/ Ccvcruc Cunuc!!v
buscd HO u!!!!cd !n RNC
lvcn! Tr!crcd
/ Ccvcruc Cunuc!!v
buscd HO u!!!!cd !n RNC
( ) RNC ccmmunds sc!cc!cd |l s !c
s!ur!
/ Tl TS mcusurcmcn!s
( ) RNC ccmmunds sc!cc!cd |l s !c
s!ur!
/ Tl TS mcusurcmcn!s
Mcusurcmcn!s urc dcnc !n
( ) Ccmnrcsscd Mcdc CM
Mcusurcmcn!s urc dcnc !n
( ) Ccmnrcsscd Mcdc CM
|l rcncr!s GSM cc!!s !!h
s!rcncs! RSST s!nu!s !c RNC
|l rcncr!s GSM cc!!s !!h
s!rcncs! RSST s!nu!s !c RNC
RNC mukcs HO dcc!s!cn und
ccmmunds |l !c !urc! cc!!
RNC mukcs HO dcc!s!cn und
ccmmunds |l !c !urc! cc!!
RSST mcusurcmcn!s und lSTC
vcr!!cu!!cn cr GSM cc!!s
RSST mcusurcmcn!s und lSTC
vcr!!cu!!cn cr GSM cc!!s
D!crcn! dcc!s!cn mc!hcds cr Tl HO
On!v cnc dcc!s!cn mc!hcd cr TS HO
/ 5 Ccvcruc Cunuc!!v HO Rcuscns
\bcu! ?5 HO nurumc!crs
Rcncr!!n cc!!s urc uc!!vc sc! cc!!s
( ) + , . mux 8 mux G TlHO mux G TSHO nc!hb
Mux 8? nc!hbcurs ccu!d bc mcusurcd
( - ) 8! Tn!ru lrcq nc!hbcurs
- 48 Tn!cr lrcq nc!hbcurs
- 8? Tn!cr Svs!cm nc!hbcurs cun bc mcusurcd
N - ?OOG Nck!u
IFHO/ISHO measurements- difference
IF measurements
IS measurements
BSIC verification required in case neighbour list includes multiple

GSM neighbours using the same RF carrier
"CDM\
- TS HO
Mcusurcmcn!
Tr!cr Turc! Cc!!
cund
. RSST mcus lSTC
vcr!!cu!!cn
- TS HO
Dcc!s!cn
"CDM\
- Tl HO
Mcusurcmcn!
Tr!cr
Turc! Cc!!
cund
- Tl mcusurcmcn!s
- Tl HO
Dcc!s!cn
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Handover Control
Handover Types
SRNS Relocation
Inter-Frequency & Inter-System Handover:

Compressed-Mode

GSM ISHO
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
IF/IS Handover Measurement Triggering Reasons
. 4 Dl DlCH unnrcuchcs !!s
mux!mum u!!ccd nccr
: lMCT TlHOcuuscTxlrDl
: lMCG GSMcuuscTxlrDl
. 5 Ouu!!!v dc!cr!cru!!cn rcncr!
rcm |l cu!cr !ccn lC
: lMCT TlHOcuusc|n!!nkOuu!!!v
: lMCG GSMcuusc|n!!nkOuu!!!v
. 8 |l Tx nccr
unnrcuchcs !!s
, mux!mum u!!ccd nccr
/ cvcn! G\ GD
: lMCT TlHOcuuscTxlr|l
: lMCG GSMcuuscTxlr|l
. ? lc mcusurcd ubsc!u!c
, / ClTCH RSCl cvcn!s !l !l
: lMCT TlHOcuuscClTCHrscn,
: lMCG GSMcuuscClTCHrscn
. ! lc mcusurcd ubsc!u!c
/ , / ClTCH lc Nc cvcn! !l !l
: lMCT TlHOcuuscClTCHlcNc
: lMCG GSMcuuscClTCHlcNc
Mcusurcmcn!
Tr!cr
. G O!hcrs
- lcud und Scrv!cc buscd HO
- TMST buscd HO
- lmcrcncv TSHO
- = lrcqucncv Mcusur!n Ccn!rc! cr Tn!cr lrcqucncv lMCT
- ( ) = lrcqucncv Mcusur!n Ccn!rc! cr Tn!cr Svs!cm GSM lMCG
N - ?OOG Nck!u
1. Measurement trigger CPICH Ec/No
: Rcncr!!n cvcn! !l: - \ l ClTCH cxcccds u n ubsc!u!c !hrcshc!d
!l: - ( \ l ClTCH u!!s bc!c un ubsc!u!c !hrcshc!d HO
!r!crcd ! u!!)
!!mc
Cc!! ! Cc!! ?
Cc!! 8
ubsc!u!c
!hrcshc!d
.
.

c
-

l
C
l
T
C
H
/
l
c
N
c
: !l HHclcNcCuncc!
: !l HHclcNcCuncc!T!mc
: !l HHclcNcThrcshc!d
: !l HHclcNcT!mcHvs!crcs!s
N - ?OOG Nck!u
RNC starts IF/IS measurement when event 1F occurs for all cells in the active
set: A Primary CPICH becomes less than an absolute threshold
RNC stops IF/IS measurement when event 1E occurs for at least one cell of the
active set : A Primary CPICH becomes better than an absolute threshold
Note:IF/IS measurements can be stopped if event 1Fs are cancelled by
events 1E only when IFHO/ISHO was not successful and only inside
the time between CMmeasurements, specifiedby the time
InterFreqMinMeasInterval GsmMinMeasInterval/default 10s,
recommendation 2s .
Filtering applied before event evaluation in the UE:
FMCS: EcNoFilterCoefficient/0= 200ms filtering period
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Event 1E parameters:
Triggering conditions: Active set cells
Hysteresis: not used in 1F
Threshold used frequency: FMCS : HHoEcNoCancel/ -20 dB
Time-to-trigger: FMCS: HHoEcNoCancelTime/ 1280 ms
Reporting interval: not applied
Reporting cell status: max 3 active cells
Event 1F parameters:
hysteresis: not used in 1F
Threshold used frequency: FMCS : HHoEcNoThreshold / - 22 dB (range 0..-24 dB)
Time-to-trigger: FMCS: HHoEcNoTimeHysteresis / 640 ms (range 0..5000ms)
N - ?OOG Nck!u
2. Measurement trigger CPICH RSCP
UE continually monitors pilot channels of BTSs in AS
If RSCP of a Node B falls below threshold, HHoRscpThreshold, UE sends
event 1F report
RNC starts IF/IS measurements when event 1F occurs for all cells in AS
RNC stops IF/IS measurements when event 1E occurs for at least one cell of AS
Note:IF/IS measurements can be stopped if event 1Fs are cancelled by
events 1E only when IFHO/ISHO was not successful and only inside
the time between CMmeasurements, specifiedby the time
InterFreqMinMeasInterval GsmMinMeasInterval/default 10s,
recommendation 2s .
UE filtering applied before event evaluation using HHoRscpFilterCoefficient
(FMCS) /200ms, range 2001600ms
N - ?OOG Nck!u
2. Measurement trigger CPICH RSCP
Event 1E (A primary CPICH exceeds an absolute threshold) parameters:
hysteresis: not used in 1E
Threshold used frequency: (FMCS) : HHoRscpCancel/ - 100 dBm
Time-to-trigger: (FMCS): HHoRscpCancelTime/ 1280 ms
Event 1F (A primary CPICH falls below an absolute threshold) parameters:

Hysteresis: not used in 1F
Threshold used frequency: HHoRscpThreshold (FMCS)/ - 105 dBm
Time-to-trigger: HHoRscpTimeHysteresis (FMCS)/ 640 ms
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Reporting Events 6A, 6B and 6D
!!mc
!!mc
!c
!r!c
r

|
l
T
x
l
c
c
r
|l Trunsm!!!cd
lccr Tx
Thrcshc!d
Gl
G\
GD
( m!n |l!xlccrMuxDlCH, ) l_M\\
G\: Thc |l Tx nccr cxcccds un ubsc!u!c !hrcshc!d
Gl: Thc |l Tx nccr u!!s bc!c un ubsc!u!c !hrcshc!d
GD: ( Thc |l Tx nccr rcuchcs !!s mux!mum vu!uc Nc! uscd !n
) Nck!u R\N
Tn!crrcq|lTxlrT!mcHvs!
GSM|lTxlrT!mcHvs!
N - ?OOG Nck!u
3. Measurement trigger UE Tx Pw (UL
Coverage)
RNC orders IF/IS measurements when one of the following event occurs:
Event 6A: The UE Tx power becomes larger than an absolute threshold
Event 6D: The UE Tx power reaches its maximum value
Also GSM measurements could be measured first depending on UE Tx power
values in IFHO and ISHO parameters
Only lower threshold is send to UE, so either WCDMA or GSM is
measured first, but also other RAT could be measured if not
good enough neighbor is found
In addition, the UL data rate allocated to the user must not exceed WCEL:
HHoMaxAllowedBitrateUL/32 kbits/s
RNC calls off inter-frequency measurements when event 6B occurs: the UE Tx
power becomes less than an absolute threshold.
Filtering applied before event evaluation in the UE.
FMCI : InterfreqUETxPwrFilterCoeff/8=10ms (range 10..480ms)
FMCG: GSMUETxPwrFilterCoeff/8 =10ms (range 10..480ms)
N - ?OOG Nck!u
3. Measurement trigger UE Tx Pw (UL
Coverage)
Event 6A parameters:
Time-to-trigger: 0s
UE Transmitted Power threshold = min (UEtxPowerMaxDPCH, Pmax)
UE_TX_POWER_threshold
UEtxPowerMaxDPCH is the maximum allowed UL tx power on DPCH in the
active cell (range -50..24 dBm, step 1, default 21 dBm), Pmax is the maximum
RF output power
UE_TX_POWER_Threshold depends on the type of service:
FMCI: InterfreqUETxPwrThrAMR/-3 dB (range -10..0, step1)
FMCI: InterfreqUETxPwrThrCS/-3 dB (same range and step)
FMCI: InterfreqUETxPwrThrNrtPS/-3 dB
FMCI: InterfreqUETxPwrThrRtPS/-3 dB
FMCG: GSMUETxPwrThrAMR/CS/NrtPS/RtPS -1/-3/-1/-3/ dB
Event 6B parameters: time-to-trigger
FMCI: InterfreqUETxPwrTimeHyst/1280 ms
FMCG: GSMUETxPwrTimeHyst/1280 ms
Event 6D parameter: time-to-trigger: 0s
N - ?OOG Nck!u
- Dl_ccdc_l"R lc crO sc!D ldncchl!!c! > l!x_Rl_mux +
Dl_DlCH_T\l"R_Thrcshc!d
4. Measurement trigger DL DPCH (DL
Coverage)
RNC orders UE to make IF/IS measurements when DL TX power of a single radio link reaches
threshold defined as:
: cxumn!c - > + +(- ) !OOdlm 88dlm \\\ !dl
: , NOTl l!!hcr "CDM\ cr GSM !!! bc mcusurcd nc! bc!h svs!cms
= D l_C O D l_l" R m cusurcd D l ccdc nc cr
- cn !hc n!!c! b!!s c !hc D lC C H !c!d
= + l!x_R l_m ux C lTC H l r M \ \ _D l_D lC H _ T\ l" R
= . C lTC H l r Tx nc cr c !hc C lTC H c un uc!!vc cc!! l!xlr!m urvC lTC H
( ) scrv!n RNC cr \ d(sC lTC H Txl r ( )/ , - dr!!!nRNC 88 dlm runc !O
, . 5O dl m s!cn O ! dl m
M \ \ _D l_D lC H _T\ l" R = m ux!m um !runsm !ss!cn nc cr !cvc!c !hc
, D lD C H svm bc!s u busc s!u!!cn cun usc cn !hc D lC H cxnrcsscd us u
rc!u!!vc vu!uc !c !hc C lTC H nc cr
= D l_D lC H _T\ l" R _Thrcshc!d dcncnds cn !hc scrv!cc !vnc
: / / / - /- /- /- ( lM C T Tn!crrcqD lTxl rThr\ M R C S R !lS N r!lS ! 8 8 ! dl runc
- .. , . ) !O dl O s!cn O 5 dl
: / / / - /- /- /- ( - lM C G G SM D lTxl rThr\ M R C S R !lS N r!lS ! 8 8 ! dl runc !O
.. , . ) dl O s!cn O 5 dl
, Tn \ dd!!!cn !hc D l du!u ru!c u!!ccu!cd !c !hc uscr m us! nc! cxcccd
: " C ll H H c M u x\ !!c c d l !!ru !c D l
N - ?OOG Nck!u
4. Measurement trigger DL DPCH (DL
Coverage)
Ncdc l
RNC
DCH Du!u lrumc
Tub
UE
lO!
Tl
C
l!!c
!
b!!s
nc!
uscd
Tl
CT
Du!u ? b!!s
Du!u !
b!!s
lO?
- Dl_CODl_l"R
lccrOsc!Dldncchl!!c!
+ l!x_Rl_mux
Dl_DlCH_T\l"R_THRlSHOlD
( . . ) Mux lccr cn DlCH c 88 dlm
Scrv!n
"CDM\
cc!!
!!mc
T! s !!mc !c
!r!cr
HO
mcusurcmcn!s
!n !hc |l
. . c Rud!c l!nk Mcusurcmcn! Rcncr!
( . . ) c Trunsm!!!cd Ccdc lccr \u!uc
HHcMux\!!ccdl!!ru!cDl
: lxumn!c Snccch
> + (- ) + (- ) lccr Du!u l!!s 88dlm 8dl !dl
> (~ ) lccr Du!u l!!s ?O dlm !"
Mux lccr cn Chunnc!
N - ?OOG Nck!u
5. Measurement trigger UL Quality
RNC starts IF/IS measurements based on UL outer-loop power control reports
Enable reports from Outer-loop Power Control Controller to trigger IF/IS HO, RNC:
EnableULQualDetRep/default 0=no, 1=yes
Time duration for which BER/BLER target has not been reached, despite SIR target
at maximum level, RNC: ULQualDetRepThreshold/5 s, 0.5..5, step 0.5s
Periodic report, every RNC: ULQualDetRepThreshold seconds, while BLER/BLER

target is not reached
In addition, the UL data rate allocated to the user must not exceed WCEL:
HHoMaxAllowedBitrateUL (default value: 32 kbits/s)
N - ?OOG Nck!u
5. Measurement trigger UL Quality

T
u
r
c
!
S
T
R
Mux STR !urc!
M!n STR !urc!
\c!uu! STR !urc!
!s! Ouu!!!v dc!cr!cru!!cn rcncr! rcm lC !c HC !ns!dc RNC
( ?nd Ouu!!!v dc!cr!cru!!cn rcncr! h!!c !hc ccnd!!!cn !s
) su!!s!cd !hc mcssuc !s ncr!cd!cu!!v rcncu!cd
dcuu!! 5s !!mc
STR
STR
RNC
( ) |lOuu!Dc!RcnThrcshc!d rcccmmcndu!!cn ? s
lnub!c|lOuu!Dc!Rcn
HHcMux\!!ccdl!!ru!c|l
RNC
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Handover Control
Handover Types
SRNS Relocation

Compressed-Mode

GSM ISHO
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Dcc!s!cn \!cr!!hm
( ) |l Tx lccr lvcn! G\\Gl
: Thrcshc!d
Tn!crlrcq|lTxlrThr\\
: l8 !!!cr
* Tn!crlrcq|lTxlrl!!!crCcc
( Hvs!crcs!s mur!n !!mc !c
): !r!cr
* Tn!crlrcq|lTxlrT!mcHvs!
Du!u ru!c !hrcshc!d
* HHOM\x\!!ccdl!!ru!c|l
|l Ouu!!!v
: T!mcr
|lOuu!Dc!RcnThrcshc!d
Du!u ru!c !hrcshc!d
HHOM\x\!!ccdl!!ru!c|l
Dl DlCH nccr
: Thrcshc!d
Tn!crlrcqDlTxlrThr\\
Du!u ru!c !hrcshc!d
HHOM\x\!!ccdl!!ru!cDl
( = , , ) \\ \MR Nr!lS R!lS
( ) ClTCH RSCl lvcn! !l
: Thrcshc!ds
HHcRscnThrcshc!d
HHcRscnCuncc!
: l8 !!!cr
HHcRscnl!!!crCcc!c!cn!
*
: T!mc !c !r!cr
* HHcRscnT!mcHvs!crcs!s
* HHcRscnCuncc!T!mc
/ ( ) ClTCH lc Tc lvcn! !l
: Thrcshc!ds
HHclcNcThrcshc!d
HHclcNcCuncc!
: l8 !!!cr
* lcNcl!!!crCcc!c!cn!
: T!mc !c !r!cr
* HHclcNcT!mcHvs!crcs!s
* HHclcNcCuncc!T!mc
\d(!l!cssMur!n
\d(!M!nlcNc
\d(!M!nRSCl
\d(!TxlrDlCH
\d(!lcNcMur!n
InterFreqMaxMeasPeriod *
InterFreqMeasRepInterval *
InterFreqNcellSearchPeriod *
InterFreqMinHoInterval *
InterFreqMinMeasInterval *
InterFreqMeasAveWindow *
Hundcvcr Tr!cr!n
Hundcvcr lxccu!!cn
Tl HO mcus ccn!rc! nurumc!crs
(* = ) nurumc!crs u!rcudv cn!!m!scd
IFHO Parameters
( !n b!uc = ) nurumc!crs undcr s!udv
: ! mcrc cn!!cnu! !r!cr !n R\NO4
TMST buscd TlHO
N - ?OOG Nck!u
IFHO measurements
After HO triggering message is sent to RNC, a RRC message
Measurement Control is sent to UE containing details of the
measurement that the UE must execute. Measurement reporting is
periodical. Max 6 IF cells can be reported. No filtering in measurements
by UE.
Upon reception of the measurements reported by the UE, RNC applies a

sliding averaging window to the CPICH Ec/No & CPICH RSCP
measurements. The averaged levels are used as input to the inter-
frequency decision algorithm.
From each cell in active set (max=3) also intra-frequency measurements
are done at same time
RNC
: RRC Mcusurcmcn! ccn!rc! mcssuc
(" " ) curr!cr ? mcusurcmcn!s
|l
RNC
/ ClTCH lc Nc und ClTCH RSCl mcusurcmcn!s urc rcncr!cd
!hrcuh Mcusurcmcn! rcncr! mcssucs
|l
: RRC Mcusurcmcn! rcncr!
Tn cnc mcusurcmcn!
rcncr! !hcrc !s
- - bc!h !n!ru und !n!cr
rcqucncv
, rcsu!!s nc mcusurcmcn!
!!!cr!n !s
uscd !n |l
\d(!McusRcnTn!crvu!
( . ) dcuu!! O 5s
8 nc!hbcur !nc
: scnd !c |l
, |TR\ Rl chunnc! cc!!
!nd!v!duu! csc!
( / ) lc Nc
und nr!murv
scrumb!!n ccdc
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Measurement Control Parameters: FMCI
InterFreqMeasRepInterval: 0.5 seconds
This is the interval between measurement reports, which are sent to BTS
InterFreqMinMeasInterval:10 s
This is Minimum Measurement Interval, wait time when the following CM starts,
In case of an unsuccessful IFHO attempt, the network will deactivate
compressed mode for a time period given by this parameter, thus better value
will be 2 s to speed up the reactivation of CM.
InterFreqMeasAveWindow: 6
This is Measurement Averaging Window size, sliding window is used
InterFreqMaxMeasPeriod: 20 reports
This is Maximum Measurement Period which determines the maximum allowed
duration of the inter-frequency measurement
If the RNC is not able to execute an inter-frequency Handover, it shall stop the
inter-frequency measurements after the UE has sent the predefined number
of measurement reports to the RNC.
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Measurement Control Parameters: FMCI
Maximum allowed duration of the inter-frequency measurement is calculated:
InterFreqMeasRepInterval * InterFreqMaxMeasPeriod (0.5*20s) =10s,
This seems to be too long time, because CM time was noticed to be about 3
seconds, so it makes senses to reduce the value of this parameter to some
value about 3 seconds, otherwise, if there is failure, the network will not
deactivate compressed mode until the timer of 10 seconds has expired.
Thus, decreasing the parameter value will allow the UE/network to initiate a
new IFHO attempt. Proposed value for GSMMaxMeasPeriod is 6
This seems to be too long time, because the CM time was noticed to be about 3
s, thus proposed value for InterFreqMaxMeasPeriod is 6
InterFreqNcellSearchPeriod:0
This is neighbor cell search period parameter, IFHO is not allowed until the are
enough measurement reports given by this parameter
O means that only 1 measurement result is enough for decision making
Duration of the cell search period is calculated:
InterFreqMeasRepInterval * InterFreqNcellSearchPeriod).
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Dcc!s!cn \!cr!!hm
( ) |l Tx lccr lvcn! G\
: Thrcshc!d
Gsm|lTxlrThr\\
: l8 !!!cr
Gsm|lTxlrl!!!crCcc
: Hvs!crcs!s mur!n
Gsm|lTxlrT!mcHvs!
Du!u ru!c !hrcshc!d
|l Ouu!!!v
: T!mcr
|lOuu!Dc!RcnThrcshc!d
Du!u ru!c !hrcshc!d
Dl DlCH nccr
: Thrcshc!d
GsmDlTxlrThr\\
Du!u ru!c !hrcshc!d
HHOM\x\!!ccdl!!ru!cDl
( = , , , ) \\ \MR CS Nr!lS R!lS
( ) ClTCH RSCl lvcn! !l
: Thrcshc!ds
HHcRscnThrcshc!d
HHcRscnCuncc!
: l8 !!!cr
HHcRscnl!!!crCcc!c!cn!
: T!mcrs
HHcRscnT!mcHvs!crcs!s
HHcRscnCuncc!T!mc
/ ( ) ClTCH lc Tc lvcn! !l
: Thrcshc!ds
HHclcNcThrcshc!d
HHclcNcCuncc!
: l8 !!!cr
Dcnc u!rcudv cr SHO
: T!mcrs
HHclcNcT!mcHvs!crcs!s
HHclcNcCuncc!T!mc
\d(TxlrMuxTCH
( ) \d(RxlcvM!nHO n
GsmMcus\vc"!ndc
GsmMcusRcnTn!crvu!
GsmNcc!!Scurchlcr!cd
GsmM!nMcusTn!crvu!
GsmMuxMcuslcr!cd
Hundcvcr Tr!cr!n
Hundcvcr lxccu!!cn
- - ?G !c 8G buck nrcvcn!!cn
GsmM!nHcTn!crvu!
GSM mcusurcmcn! rcncr!!n
ISHO parameters
: ? mcrc cn!!cnu! !r!crs !n R\NO4
TMST buscd TSHO
( ) lmcrcncv TSHO lMTSHO
N - ?OOG Nck!u
ISHO measurements
After HO triggering message is sent to RNC, a RRC message Measurement
Control is sent to UE containing details of the measurement that the UE
must execute. Measurement reporting is periodical. Max 6 GSM cells could be
measured by UE and reported to RNC. No filtering in measurements by UE
Upon reception of the measurements reported by the UE, RNC applies a sliding
averaging window to the RXLEV measurements. The averaged levels are
used as input to the IS-HO decision algorithm.
RNC
( ) GSM RSST mcusurcmcn!s
|l
RNC
R\ll\ mcusurcmcn!s urc rcncr!cd !hrcuh
Mcusurcmcn! rcncr! mcssucs
|l
Thc !rs! mcusurcmcn!
rcncr!
hus !nc rcm !hc
: bcs! GSM cc!!
& , lCCH rcq RSST nc
!!!cr!n
uscd !n |l
GsmMcusRcnTn!crvu!
( . ) dcuu!! O 5s
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Measurement Control Parameters: FMCG
GSMMeasRepInterval: 0.5 seconds
This is the interval between measurement reports, which are sent to BTS
This parameter should be kept to 0.5 seconds. Increasing the reporting
interval would increase the IS-HO process delay.
GSMMinMeasInterval:10 s
This is Minimum Measurement Interval, wait time when the following CM
starts. In case of an unsuccessful IS-HO attempt, the network will
deactivate compressed mode for a time period given by this parameter,
thus better value will be 2 s to speed up the reactivation of CM.
GSMMeasAveWindow: 6
This is Measurement Averaging Window size, sliding window is used
GSMMaxMeasPeriod: 20 reports
This is Maximum Measurement Period which determines the maximum
allowed duration of the inter-sytem measurement
If the RNC is not able to execute an inter-system Handover, it shall stop
the inter-system measurements after the UE has sent the predefined
number of measurement reports to the RNC.
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Measurement Control Parameters: FMCG
Maximum allowed duration of the inter-system measurement is calculated:
GSMMeasRepInterval * GSMMaxMeasPeriod (=0.5*20s) =10s,
This seems to be too long time, because based on field measurements BSIC
and RSSI delays are about 3 seconds, so it makes senses to reduce the value
of this parameter to some value about 3 seconds, otherwise, if the BSIC or
RSSI measurements fail or if the IS-HO execution is not possible to due low
GSM RSSI levels, the network will not deactivate compressed mode until the
timer of 10 seconds has expired. Thus, decreasing the parameter value will
allow the UE/network to initiate a new IS-HO attempt. Proposed value for
GSMMaxMeasPeriod is 6
GSMNcellSearchPeriod: 0
This is neighbor cell search period parameter, ISHO is not allowed until the are
enough measurement reports given by this parameter
O means that only 1 measurement result is enough for decision making
Duration of the cell search period is calculated:
GSMRepInterval * GSMNcellSearchPeriod).
N - ?OOG Nck!u
ISHO: BSIC Verification
After the selection of the target GSM cell, the RNC sends to UE the RRC
message "Measurement control which includes details to measure BSIC .
UE stops RSSI measurements and updates the transmission gap pattern to the
pattern used for BSIC decoding. The measurement reports are sent
periodically to RNC.
If the UE is unable to decode the BSIC during the given period, the BSIC
measurement operation is aborted.
RNC
( ) lSTC dcccd!n
"CDM\
- TS HO !r!cr Turc! Cc!! cund
- TS HO
ccmmund
. RSST mcus lSTC vcr!!cu!!cn
Numbcrs c GSM cc!!s !n
!hc
nc!hbcr cc!! !!s!
Rcncr!!n !n!crvu!
S!!d!n uvcru!n !ndc
Trunsm!ss!cn un nu!!crn
cr
RSST mcusurcmcn!s
T
lSTC
: dcncnds cn
Trunsm!ss!cn un nu!!crn cr
lSTC dcccd!n

T
RSST
dcncnds cn
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Handover Control
Handover Types
SRNS Relocation

Compressed-Mode

GSM ISHO
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Compressed Mode in Uplink
GSM lTS "CDM\ lTS
Dl
( Dl CM !h!s shcu!d bc c
) hcn GSM !s mcusurcd
( ) |l CM nccdcd !c uvc!d !n!crcrcncc
Dur!n "CDM\ !runsm!ss!cn
s!nu! !cukuc !!! c !c GSM
Rx u!sc
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Compressed Mode (CM)
CM was introduced to WCDMA to allow inter-frequency (system) Handovers
CM is used to create idle periods (gaps) in the transmission during which ncell
measurements on another frequency can be made
Gaps can be created using single or double frame approach (Nokia supports both)
Because same data amount is sent in a shorter time more power is needed during CM
(both in UE and BTS)
=> affects WCDMA coverage

Fast Power control information might be lost during the gap => higher Eb/No
=> affects WCDMA capacity

Compressed frames may be lost if power control is not set correctly
=> affects WCDMA quality

CM methods are Spreading Factor Halving and Higher Layer Scheduling
Ncrmu! rumc Ncrmu! rumc

Mcusurcmcn!
un
Mcusurcmcn!
un
/ lccr
Du!u
Ru!c
Ccmnrcss
cd
Mcdc
Ncrmu! rumc
N - ?OOG Nck!u
\ssumn!!cn
\ssumn!!cn
lcc! !c !hc cunuc!!v
lcc! !c !hc cunuc!!v
/ . Rcqu!rcd lb Nc !s ! 5 dl
h!hcr dur!n ccmnrcsscd
rumcs
rumcs
. = % ! 5 dl 4! mcrc
!n!crcrcncc
. = % ! 5 dl 4! mcrc
!n!crcrcncc
lvcrv 8rd rumc !s
ccmnrcsscd
lvcrv 8rd rumc !s
ccmnrcsscd
% / = % 4! 8 !4 mcrc
!n!crcrcncc
% / = % 4! 8 !4 mcrc
!n!crcrcncc
% !O c !hc uscrs urc
mcusurcd u! !hc sumc !!mc
% !O c !hc uscrs urc
mcusurcd u! !hc sumc !!mc
% / = . % !4 !O ! 4 mcrc
!n!crcrcncc
% / = . % !4 !O ! 4 mcrc
!n!crcrcncc
Cunuc!!v dcrudu!!cn
< % ?
Performance of Compressed Mode: Capacity
/ , , lxuc! !ncrcusc !n lb NO dcncnds cn scrv!cc mu!!!nu!h d!vcrs!!v
, un!cnnu d!vcrs!!v
, , , mcb!!c snccd un!!nk cr dcn!!nk mcusurcmcn! un !cn!h
ccmnrcsscd mcdc
( ), . . mc!hcd snrcud!n uc!cr und ! 5 dl rcnrcscn!s u !vn!cu! vu!uc
/ , , lxuc! !ncrcusc !n lb NO dcncnds cn scrv!cc mu!!!nu!h d!vcrs!!v
, un!cnnu d!vcrs!!v
, , , mcb!!c snccd un!!nk cr dcn!!nk mcusurcmcn! un !cn!h
ccmnrcsscd mcdc
( ), . . mc!hcd snrcud!n uc!cr und ! 5 dl rcnrcscn!s u !vn!cu! vu!uc
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Performance of Compressed Mode: Coverage
\ssumn!!cn
\ssumn!!cn
lcc! !c !hc ccvcruc
c rcu! !!mc scrv!ccs
lcc! !c !hc ccvcruc
c rcu! !!mc scrv!ccs
rumcs
rumcs
. ! 5 dl rcduccd ccvcruc
. ! 5 dl rcduccd ccvcruc
- s!c! un !s uscd
- s!c! un !s uscd
* ( / ) !O !c!O !5 8
= . ? dl rcduccd ccvcruc
* ( / ) !O !c!O !5 8
= . ? dl rcduccd ccvcruc
lvcrv ?nd rumc !s
ccmnrcsscd !!h
( ) ?O ms !n!cr!cuv!n snccch
lvcrv ?nd rumc !s
ccmnrcsscd !!h
( ) ?O ms !n!cr!cuv!n snccch
. / = . 4 ? dl ? ? ! dl rcduccd
ccvcruc
. / = . 4 ? dl ? ? ! dl rcduccd
ccvcruc
Tc!u! ccvcruc
. rcduc!!cn ? ! dl
Ccmnrcssc
d
mcdc
. Mcb!!c mux nccr
lrumc crrcr !
mcb!!c h!!s
!!s mux!mum nccr
. + . ? dl ! 5 dl mcrc nccr !s
nccdcd dur!n ccmnrcsscd mcdc
- Ncn rcu! !!mc scrv!ccs cun rcducc !hc b!! ru!c dur!n
ccmnrcsscd rumcs nc ccc! !c ccvcruc
Snccch ccnncc!!cn cun s!!ch !c u !ccr \MR mcdc
N - Nck!u
Measurement Gap
: M!n !runsm!!!cd TSs ncr lrumc 8
rud!c rumc
rud!c rumc
TGl
: lcn!h c un
, , , 8 4 5 !!mcs!c!s
Single-frame method
rud!c rumc
rud!c rumc
TG
l
Double-frame method
: lcn!h c un
, , , , , 8 4 5 !O cr !4 !!mcs!c!s
N - Nck!u
Compressed mode methods
Halving Spreading Factor, SF/2 for RT and NRT services (UL
and DL)
Doubles temporarily the physical channel data rate, possible for all services
Needs 3 dB more UE power due to halved spreading ratio
If new channelization code is available from code tree in DL
WCEL: AltScramblingCodeCM/0=used (def), 1=not used
Higher Layer Scheduling, HLS (UL and DL)
Only possible for PS services (RT or NRT)
Does not cause extra load to the cell but reduces DCH user data
HLS ` data rate or HLS data rate possible
Dcub!c rumc !s uscd !n cusc c HlS ` du!u ru!c

S!n!c rumc !s uscd !n cusc c snrcud!n uc!cr hu!v!n und HlS '
. du!u ru!c
N - Nck!u
Compressed mode parameters
CM can be activated/deactivated by CMmasterSwitch (RNC) /0=in

use (def)
HLS rate configurable using HLSModeSelection (RNC)/def 0=1/2
HSL , 1=3/4 HSL
Maximum number of UEs in CM is controlled through

MaxNumbUECMcoverHO (RNC)/16 (range 0..255)
The number of UEs in DL CM depends on the PtxTotal value

The number of UEs in UL CM depends on the PrxTotal value
N - Nck!u
How many UEs in Compressed Mode ?
/ l!xTurc!
lrxTurc!
/ Dl |l
!runsm!ss!cn nccr
lcud
/ l!xOsc!
lrxOsc!
: Nc |ls cun bc s!!chcd !c CM hcn
< & lxx_Tc!u! lxx_Turc!
# < c |ls !n CM MuxNumb|lCMccvcrHO
Onc nc |l !n CM cun bc u!!ccd
! !hc !!m!! !s nc! rcuchcd
Nc nc |l cun bc !n CM hcrc
N - ?OOG Nck!u
, \ M R RT lS
cr
C S du!u
scrv!cc
, \ M R RT lS
cr
C S du!u
scrv!cc
Selection of the compressed mode method is performed in the following way:
/ Sl ? uscd cr bc!h | l und
D l
D l
ccmnrcsscd mcdc !r!cr
nurumc!crs huvc !c bc sc! sc !hu!
!hcrc !s rccm cr nccr !ncrcusc
duc !c ccdc sn!!!!!n c!hcr!sc
nccr !ncrcusc !s cu! und quu!!!v
c ccnncc!!cn c!s crsc dur!n
!hc ccmnrcsscd rumcs
|suc c u!!crnu!!vc scrumb!!n
ccdc !s ncss!b!c ! RNl nurumc!cr
\!!Scrumb!!nCcdcCM cnub!cs
: Trunsm!ss!cn Gun lu!!crn
: , S!n!c rumc s!c! un
# vur!ub!c c ncrmu!
rumcs
# vur!ub!c c ncrmu!
rumcs
NRT lS du!u
scrv!cc
NRT lS du!u
scrv!cc
H!hcr !uvcr schcdu!!n !s
uscd
cr bc!h |l und Dl
H!hcr !uvcr schcdu!!n !s
uscd
cr bc!h |l und Dl
# c ncrmu! rumcs
# c ncrmu! rumcs
: , Dcub!c rumc s!c! un
# c ncrmu! rumcs
: , Dcub!c rumc s!c! un
# c ncrmu! rumcs
Sc!cc!!cn bc!ccn HlS '
und
HlS `
Sc!cc!!cn bc!ccn HlS '
und
HlS `
Compressed Mode
Tn!!!u!c Ccmnrcsscd
Mcdc
Ccn!urc GSM
mcusurcmcn!s
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Mu!!!
: Scrv!cc
+ , \MR lS du!u
+ , \MR CS du!u
+ lS du!u CS
du!u
Mu!!!
: Scrv!cc
+ , \MR lS du!u
+ , \MR CS du!u
+ lS du!u CS
du!u
Selection of the compressed mode method is performed in the following
way:
D l
D l
u!sc sumc nccr und u!!crnu!!vc
scrumb!!n ccdc usncc!s us !n
nurc \MR cr CS du!u scrv!cc
cuscs
# vur!ub!c c ncrmu!
rumcs
# vur!ub!c c ncrmu!
rumcs
Nc!c !hu! sumc mc!hcd ucccrd!n !c scrv!cc !s uscd cr u!! Hundcvcr !r!crs
lc!h un!!nk und dcn!!nk un nu!!crns cun bc uscd dcsn!!c c hc!hcr c!hcr d!rcc!!cn !s ccmnrcsscd
cr nc!
( ) , T bc!h d!rcc!!cns |l und Dl urc ccmnrcsscd un nu!!crn !s chcscn sc !hu! bc!h d!rcc!!cns sunncr! !!
. . , l dcn!!nk sunncr! s!n!c rumc bu! un!!nk dcub!c rumc !! mcuns !hu! dcub!c rumc shu!! bc uscd
Thc numbcr c ncrmu! rumcs bc!ccn unncd rumcs !s dc!ncd !!h nurumc!crs
Th!s sc!u!!cn !cuvcs !hc c!!c!n nrcb!cm !n ccr!u!n mu!!! scrv!cc cu!!
# ( Currcn!!v |ls c ccr!u!n vcndcr dc nc! sunncr! !n dcn!!nk DlCCH und DlDCH s!c! crmu! !5l ccmnrcsscd
= ) mcdc ccdc sn!!!!!n hcn Sl 4
+ Th!s mcuns !hu! 8?O kbns lS du!u \MR dccs nc! crk cr !hcsc !crm!nu!s
Th!s nrcb!cm cun bc nur!!v uvc!dcd bv dcnv!n ccmnrcsscd mcdc !!h !hu! h!h du!u ru!c
T! cun bc dcnc !n dcn!!nk !!h RNl nurumc!cr HHOMux\!!ccdl!!Ru!cDl
Compressed Mode
Tn!!!u!c Ccmnrcsscd
Mcdc
Ccn!urc GSM
mcusurcmcn!s
N - ?OOG Nck!u
CM Pattern Parameters
TG
lu!!crn !
TG
lu!!c
rn ?
TG
lu!!crn !
TG
lu!!c
rn ?
TG
lu!!c
rn ?
TG Trunsm!ss!cn Gun TGl ( , , , , , ) Trunsm!ss!cn Gun lcn!h 8 4 5 !O !4 Sl
TGll ( - ) Trunsm!ss!cn Gun lu!!crn lcn!h ! !44 lrumcs TGD Trunsm!ss!cn Gun s!ur!
( - ) D!s!uncc !5 ?GO Sl
TGSN ( - ) Trunsm!ss!cn Gun S!ur!!n s!c! Numbcr ! !4 Sl TGlRC TG lu!!crn Rcncu!
Ccun!
TG lu!!crn ! TG lu!!crn ?
TGll! TGll?
TGSN
TGl! TGl? TGl! TGl?
TGD TGD
#! #? #8 #4 #TGlRC
TGCNl
!runsm!ss!cn un nu!!crn scqucncc
Gunlcs!!!cnS!n!clrumc
TGSN
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Handover Control
Handover Types
SRNS Relocation

Compressed-Mode

GSM ISHO
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
, . T! !s nc! su!c!cn! !c huvc !r!crs h!ch dc!cc! !hu! u Hundcvcr hus !c bc dcnc
, - , Cr!!cr!u urc rcqu!rcd !c dcc!dc hc!hcr !c currv cu! un !n!ru rcqucncv
- , - !n!cr rcqucncv cr !n!cr R\T Hundcvcr ! !hcrc !s !hc ncss!b!!!!v cr u
! Hundcvcr u! u!!
, - Ccnd!!!cns shcn hcrc huvc !c bc su!!s!cd bccrc un !n!cr rcqucncv Hundcvcr cun
. bc ccnduc!cd Thc bcs! nc!hbcr !n cc!! mus! u!!! c!!c!n cr!!cr!u ( bcs!
/ ): ucccrd!n !c lc Nc
Ouu!!!v Cr!!cr!cn !n cusc !r!cr us / : Dl DlCH lccr cr ClTCH lc Nc
( ) > ( ) \\l_RSCl_NClll n \d(!M!nRSCl n + ( , ( ) mux O \d(!TxlrDlCH n -
) l_M\\
> + S!nu! !cvc! rcm nc cc!! rcqu!rcd S!nu! !cvc! !n nc cc!! ud(us!mcn! duc
!c u!!ccd nccr
( ) > + ( ) \\l_lcNc_NClll n \\l_ClTCH_lcNc \d(!lcNcMur!n n
+ lcNc cn nc cc!! bc!!cr !hun lcNc !n c!d cc!! mur!n
lu!h!css Cr!!cr!cn !n cusc !r!cr us , |l Tx lccr ClTCH RSCl cr
|l DlCH Ouu!!!v:
( ) > ( ) \\l_lcNc_NClll n \d(!M!nlcNc n
( ) lcNc cn nc cc!! bc!!cr !hun rcqu!rcd lcNc !n nc cc!! dcuu!! !4 dl
- > ClTCH_lO"lR \\l_ClTCH_RSCl
( ) - ClTCH_lO"lR_NClll n ( ) + \\l_RSCl_NClll n
( ) \d(!l!cssMur!n n
> + ( ) lu!hlcss !n c!d cc!! lu!hlcss !n nc cc!! Mur!n dcuu!! ? dl
( ) ccn!!nucd
IFHO Decision
N - ?OOG Nck!u
: RRC Ml\S|RlMlNT CONTROl ( ) Tl mcus dc!u!!s
|l
: TSHO !r!crcd
. lvcn! G\\!l
RNC
: RRC Ml\S|RlMlNT RllORT ( ..) lvcn! G\\!l
: RRC Ml\S|RlMlNT RllORT ( , ) ClN TGlS
Rud!c l!nk
Sc!un
lcr!cd!c Tl
mcus
Rcncr!!n
: RRC lHYSTC\l CH\NNll RlCONlTG|R\TTON ( ) T!m!n Tnd!cu!!cn
: RRC lHYSTC\l CH\NNll RlCONlTG COMlllTl
Hundcvcr
Dcc!s!cn
.
.
Ccmnrcsscd Mcdc
Ccmnrcsscd Mcdc
nurumc!crs
Thcrc !s bud
quu!!!v
ccnd!!!cns !n !hc
. . !!nk
"!!h !hc
!ncrmu!!cn
, c!!cn !hc RNC
usscss !hc bcs!
, cc!! und dcc!dcs
!c u!!cmn! u TlHO
!c !!
IF HO Signalling
: RRC lHYSTC\l CH\NNll RlCONlTG|R\TTON
Tl mcusurcmcn! sc!un und
Ccmnrcsscd Mcdc uc!!vu!!cn
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Inter-frequency HO Quality Criteria
HO'
) u ( ) > ( ) \\l_RSCl_NClll n \d(!M!nRSCl n + ( , ( ) ) mux O \d(!TxlrDlCH n l_M\\
) b ( ) > + ( ) \\l_lcNc_NClll n \\l_ClTCH_lcNc \d(!lcNcMur!n n
( ) \d(!M!nRSCl n
( , ( ) - ) mux O \d(!TxlrDlCH n l_M\\
) b
( ) \d(!M!nlcNc n
( ) \d(!lcNcMur!n n
( ) \\l_lcNc_NClll n
) u
( ) > \\l_lcNc_NClll n
+ ( ) \\l_ClTCH_lcNc \d(!lcNcMur!n n
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Inter-frequency HO Pathloss Criteria
) u ( ) > ( ) \\l_lcNc_NClll n \d(!M!nlcNc n
) b - ClTCH_lO"lR \\l_ClTCH_RSCl
> ( ) - ( ) + ClTCH_lO"lR_NClll n \\l_RSCl_NClll n
bcs! uc!!vc sc!
cc!!
bcs! !n!cr-rcqucncv
cc!!
) b
( ) > ( ) \\l_lcNc_NClll n \d(!M!nlcNc n
( ) \d(!M!nlcNc n
) u
N - ?OOG Nck!u
: Thc mcun!n c !hc nurumc!crs !s
( ) \\l_RSCl_NClll n und \\l_lcNc_NClll ( ) n / urc !hc uvcrucd ClTCH lc Nc und
( / ) ( ). RSCl vu!ucs c !hc bcs! ucccrd!n !c ClTCH lc Nc nc!hbcr cc!! n
\\l_ClTCH_lcNc / . !s !hc uvcrucd ClTCH lc Nc c !hc bcs! uc!!vc sc! cc!!
l_M\\ . !s !hc mux!mum |l nccr cunub!!!!v
( ) \d(!M!nRSCl n : - ..- , , : - Runc !!5 ?5 dlm s!cn ! dlm Dcuu!! vu!uc !OO dlm
( ) - Dc!crm!ncs !hc m!n!mum rcqu!rcd ClTCH RSCl dlm !cvc! !n !hc bcs! !n!cr
( ). rcqucncv nc!hbcr cc!! n
\d(!TxlrDlCH : - .. , Runc 5O 88 dlm s!cn ! dlm Tnd!cu!cs !hc mux!mum
!runsm!ss!cn nccr !cvc! !hu! un |l muv usc cn !hc DlCH !n !hc nc!hbcr
. cc!! T! !s uscd !n !hc Tl hundcvcr dcc!s!cn u!cr!!hm
( ) \d(!lcNcMur!n n : - .. , . : Runc ?4 ?4 dl s!cn O 5 dl Dcuu!! vu!uc ! dl dc!crm!ncs
( ) / ( ) !hc mur!n dl bv h!ch !hc ClTCH lc Nc c !hc bcs! nc!hbcr cc!! n mus!
/ - cxcccd !hc ClTCH lc Nc c !hc bcs! uc!!vc sc! cc!! bccrc !hc !n!cr rcqucncv
hundcvcr !s ncss!b!c
( \d(!M!nlcNc n) : - .. , . : - Runc ?4 O dl s!cn O 5 dl Dcuu!! vu!uc !8 dl dc!crm!ncs
/ ( ) - !hc m!n!mum rcqu!rcd ClTCH lc Nc dl !n !hc !n!cr rcqucncv bcs! nc!hbcr
( ) cc!! n bccrc !hc TlHO !s ncss!b!c
( \d(!l!cssMur!n n) : - .. , : Runc 5O !OO dl s!cn ! dl Dcuu!! vu!uc ? dl dc!crm!ncs
( ) !hc mur!n dl bv h!ch !hc nrcnuu!!cn !css c !hc bcs! uc!!vc sc! cc!!
( ) mus! cxcccd !hc nrcnuu!!cn !css c !hc bcs! nc!hbcr cc!! n bccrc !hc
- !n!cr rcqucncv Hundcvcr !s ncss!b!c
IFHO Parameters
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Handover Control
Handover Types
SRNS Relocation

Compressed-Mode

GSM ISHO
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
, - Thc c!!c!n ccnd!!!cns huvc !c bc su!!s!cd bccrc un !n!cr svs!cm Hundcvcr cun
. ( bc ccnduc!cd Thc bcs! nc!hbcr!n cc!! mus! u!!! c!!c!n cr!!cr!cn bcs!
/ ): ucccrd!n !c lc Nc
( ) \\l_R\ll\_NCc!! n
> ( ) + \d(RxlcvM!nHO n m ( , ( ) - ux O \d(TxlrMuxTCH n l_mux)
hcrc
( ) \\l_R\ll\ _Ncc!! n !s !hc uvcrucd GSM curr!cr RSST vu!uc c !hc GSM
( ), ( nc!hbcr cc!! n uvcru!n dcnc d!rcc!!v rcm dlm vu!ucs nc !!ncur
) uvcru!n ; GSMMcus\vc"!ndc / , G ! 8? mcus rcncr!.
( ) ( ) \d(RxlcvM!nHO n dc!crm!ncs !hc m!n!mum Rcqu!rcd RSST dlm !cvc! c
( ). !hc nc!hbcr cc!! n
( ) \d(TxlrMuxTCH n !nd!cu!cd ! ( ) hc mux!mum Tx nccr !cvc! dlm un |l muv
( ). usc !n GSM nc!hbcr cc!! n
. l_M\\ !s !hc mux!mum |l nccr cunub!!!!v
, T scvcru! GSM cc!!s u!!! !hc cquu!!cn ubcvc cc!!s urc runkcd buscd cn : HOlG
\d(lr!cr!!vCcvcruc/ , O runc O
\ cc!! !s runkcd h!hcr !hun unc!hcr cc!! ! !! hus u h!hcr nr!cr!!v
!cvc! cvcn !hcuh !!s s!nu! s!rcn!h ccnd!!!cn us crsc
- Tn!cr svs!cm HO ccu!d bc crb!ddcn dur!n !hc !rs! mcusurcmcn!s rcncr!s rcm !hc
, - |l !c !c! !hc |l rcncr! u!! !hc cund!du!c !n!cr svs!cm cc!!s !n !!s nc!hbcr
. hccd
lMCG Ncc!!Scurchlcr!cd / O
ISHO Decision
N - ?OOG Nck!u
( ) \d(RxlcvM!nHO n
m ( , ( ) - ) ux O \d(TxlrMuxTCH n l_mux
( ) > ( ) + \\l_R\ll\_NCc!! n \d(RxlcvM!nHO n m ( , ( ) - ) ux O \d(TxlrMuxTCH n l_mux
GSM cc!!
ISHO Decision
N - ?OOG Nck!u
lSTC vcr!!cu!!cn u!uvs ncrcrmcd cr \MR cu!!s nc !n!crrun! !n
vc!cc cu!!
CN |l Ncdc l RNC
: RRC Mcusurcmcn! Rcncr!
: RRC Mcusurcmcn!
Ccn!rc!
: Nl\l Rud!c l!nk Rcccn!uru!!cn
lrcnurc
Rcudv
Ccmm!!
: RRC lhvs!cu! Chunnc!
Rcccn!uru!!cn
: RRC lhvs!cu! Chunnc! Rcccn!uru!!cn
Ccmn!c!c
: Nl\l Ccmnrcsscd Mcdc Ccmmund
: RRC Mcusurcmcn!
Ccn!rc!
: RRC Mcusurcmcn!
Ccn!rc!
: RRC Hundcvcr rcm |TR\N Ccmmund
GSM lSTC
Tdcn!!!cu!!cn
GSM RSST
Mcusurcmcn!
TSHO !r!cr!n
( 8 rcuscns urc
) ncss!b!c
Tn!!!u!
Ccmnrcsscd Mcdc
Ccn!uru!!cn
: R\N\l Rc!ccu!!cn
Rcqu!rcd
: R\N\l Rc!ccu!!cn
Ccmmund
: R\N\l T| Rc!cusc
Ccmmund
: R\N\l T| Rc!cusc
Ccmn!c!c
ISHO 3G -> 2G - AMR Signalling
Flow
N - ?OOG Nck!u
( Tn mcs! cuscs lSTC vcr!!cu!!cn !s nc! rcqu!rcd du!u !n!crrun! us |l
) mcvcs !c ?G
: lS mukcs usc c RRC Clll CH\NGl ORDlR lROM |TR\N mcssuc
|l Ncdc l RNC
: RRC Mcusurcmcn! Ccn!rc!
lrcnurc
: Nl\l Rud!c l!nk Rcccn!uru!!cn Rcudv
Ccmm!!
Ccmn!c!c
: RRC Mcusurcmcn! Ccn!rc!
GSM RSST Mcusurcmcn!
( TSHO !r!cr!n 5 rcuscns urc
) ncss!b!c
Tn!!!u! Ccmnrcsscd
Mcdc Ccn!uru!!cn
CN
: R\N\l SRNS Ccn!cx! Rcqucs!
: R\N\l SRNS Ccn!cx! Rcsncnsc
: R\N\l T| Rc!cusc Ccmmund
: R\N\l T| Rc!cusc Ccmn!c!c
: RRC Cc!! Chunc Ordcr rcm |TR\N
: R\N\l SRNS Du!u lcrurd Ccmmund
ISHO 3G -> 2G - PS Signalling
Flow
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Parameters
IuPSrelWait3G2GMultiServ
range = 0 (10s), 1 (20s), 2 (30s), 3 (60s), 4 (120s), 5 (180s), 6 (300s), 7 (600s)
default value= 4
This RNC object parameter, controls the release of the Iu-PS connection after
the 3G/2G inter-system handover with CS+PS multi-service.
When the UE does not immediately after switching to the 2G-service initiate a
routing area update procedure towards the PS-CN, the RNC can keep the Iu-PS
connection and wait for the RAU and the release of the CS-service in the 2G-
side
When the timer expires, the RNC sends the Iu release request to the SGSN
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Handover Control
Handover Types
SRNS Relocation

Compressed-Mode

GSM ISHO
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Forced Handover for AMR Voice Call
Feature can be used to
push
3G AMR calls to 2G
Extreme parameter
setting
for ISHO trigger cause
UE Tx power (event
6A)
" C D M \
G SM
\ M R vc!cc cu!!sc!un !n 8G
crccd hundcvcr
!c G SM
[..]
|l RNC
: RRC Rud!clcurcrSc!un
: RRC Rud!clcurcrSc!unCcmn!c!c
: RRC Mcusurcmcn!Ccn!rc!
: ( ) RRC Mcusurcmcn!Rcncr! cvcn! G\
: lMCG GSMcuuscTxlr|l
: lMCG Gsm|lTxlrThr\MR
& TSHO mcusurcmcn!s HO
!c GSM
|l !mmcd!u!c!v unscrs
!!h Mcusurcmcn! Rcncr!
nush mcuns Hundcvcr, nc! - D!rcc!cd Rc!rv !
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Forced Handover for AMR Voice Call
GSMcauseTxPwrUL
Range and step: 0 (False), 1 (True)
Indicates whether a handover to GSM caused by high UE TX power level is
enabled. The handover is enabled when the value of the parameter is "Used
To enable feature, setting must be 1 (True)
GsmUETxPwrThrAMR
Range and step: -60..0 dB
This parameter determines the UE TX power threshold for a CS voice
connection. If the handover to GSM caused by high UE TX power level is
enabled, the RNC starts inter-RAT (GSM) measurements when the UE TX
power reaches this threshold. The UE TX power threshold is relative to the
maximum TX power level an UE can use on the DPCH in the cell (or the
maximum RF output power capability of the UE, whichever is lower
To enable feature, setting must be 60 dB
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Handover Control
Handover Types
SRNS Relocation
GSM ISHO
Load Based Handover to WCDMA
Cell Reselection
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load based Handover GSM -> WCDMA
% !OO
% 8O
% O
lcud rcuscn
Hundcvcrs
cr snccch
lcud c GSM cc!!
luckc! Du!u !c "CDM\
rcurd!css c GSM
!cud
luckc! Du!u !c "CDM\
rcurd!css c GSM
!cud
Snccch !c "CDM\
cn!v !!h h!h GSM
!cud
Snccch !c "CDM\
cn!v !!h h!h GSM
!cud
H!hcr b!! ru!cs
cr du!u uscrs
H!hcr b!! ru!cs
cr du!u uscrs
Mcrc cunuc!!v
cr snccch
Mcrc cunuc!!v
cr snccch
luckc! lCCH nurumc!crs cun bc uscd
!c nush GlRS mcb!!cs !c "CDM\
luckc! lCCH nurumc!crs cun bc uscd
!c nush GlRS mcb!!cs !c "CDM\
N - ?OOG Nck!u
GSM
GSM
GSM
GSM
Load and Coverage Reason Handover
GSM
GSM
GSM h!h
!cudcd
"CDM\ !c
!cudcd
GSM
GSM
GSM
GSM
"CDM\
"CDM\
"CDM\
"CDM\
lcud rcuscn
Hundcvcr cr snccch
und cr HSCSD
lcud rcuscn
Hundcvcr cr snccch
und cr HSCSD
"CDM\
"CDM\
GSM
GSM
lcud
rcuscn
Hundcvcr
Ccvcruc
rcuscn
Hundcvcr
"CDM\ cun bc uscd
!c rc!!cvc GSM
cvcr!cud
GSM cun bc uscd !c
cx!cnd
"CDM\ ccvcruc urcu
"CDM\ cun bc uscd
!c rc!!cvc GSM
cvcr!cud
GSM cun bc uscd !c
cx!cnd
"CDM\ ccvcruc urcu
Mcb!!c mcv!n
N - ?OOG Nck!u

: >
Hundcvcr Tr!cr!n Thrcshc!ds
sc! !n lSC
Hundcvcr Tr!cr!n Thrcshc!ds
sc! !n lSC
- Tn!cr R\T mcusurcmcn!s s!ur!s
!n cusc
Thc R\ll\ c !hc scrv!n cc!!
!s ubcvc cr
bc!c !hc !vcn !hrcshc!d
Oscurch_C
- Tn!cr R\T mcusurcmcn!s s!ur!s
!n cusc
Thc R\ll\ c !hc scrv!n cc!!
!s ubcvc cr
bc!c !hc !vcn !hrcshc!d
Oscurch_C
Hundcvcr Dcc!s!cn !s dcnc !n
cusc c
> lcud c !hc scrv!n cc!!
lcud_Thrcshc!d
/ > und ClTCH lc Nc / m!n lc Nc
Thrcshc!d
Hundcvcr Dcc!s!cn !s dcnc !n
cusc c
> lcud c !hc scrv!n cc!!
lcud_Thrcshc!d
/ > und ClTCH lc Nc / m!n lc Nc
Thrcshc!d
MS sc!cc!s !hc !urc! |TR\N
cc!! buscd
cn mcusurcmcn! rcsu!!s
MS sc!cc!s !hc !urc! |TR\N
cc!! buscd
cn mcusurcmcn! rcsu!!s
Hundcvcr ccmmund !s scnd !c MSC
Hundcvcr ccmmund !s scnd !c MSC
. Tn !hc S!O 5 MS !s mcusur!n !hc |TR\N cc!!s
, ccn!!nucus!v ! !hcv urc dc!ncd us u nc!hbcr
- Thc numbcr c GSM nc!hbcr rcncr!cd ccu!d bc 8 G
dcncnd!n cn !hc sc! vu!uc c nurumc!cr
( , , = , ). lDD_M|lTTR\T_RllORT O ! ? dc 8
Thc !cud !s mcusurcd !n !hc cc!!
!cvc! bv ccmnur!n !hc cccun!cd TCHs
( !c !hc uvu!!ub!c TCHs ?O s !n!crvu!
) uscd
lcud Thrcshc!d cr Snccch Cu!!s cr
- : Trunsnurcn! Du!u !n!cr R\T Hundcvcr
( u!runHcThScTndc M!n Tru!c
), lcud TDHO dcuu!! = % 8O
( m!nlcncThrcshc!d M!n ClTCH
/ ), lC NO Thrcshc!d dcuu!! !5 dl
lurumc!crs urc scn! rcm !hc lSC !c !hc
mcb!!c
!n !hc Mcusurcmcn! Tncrmu!!cn mcssuc
N - Nck!u
ISHO 2G -> 3G Parameters
lurumc!cr Sncc!!cu!!cn numc Nck!u nurumc!cr Runc Dcuu!! vu!uc
m!n !ru!c !cud cr snccch cu!! lO\D_THRlSHOlD_lOR_SC_TS_H
O
u!runHcThScTndc ( ) lTSC - % O !OO % 8O
/ m!n!mum ClTCH lc Tc !cvc! MTN_lCNO_THRlSHOlD m!nlcncThrcshc!d
( ) MlT
- . ?4 O 5 dl - !5 dl
m!n !n!crvu! bc!ccn unsucc TSHO
u!!cmn!
MTN_TNTlR\\l_llT"llN_|NS|C
C_TSHO_\TTlMlT
m!nTn!|nsuccTsHc ( ) |MT| O ?55 s 8 s
- !hrcshc!d cr mu!!! R\T MS Oscurch_C ( ) qScurchC OSRC O !5 ( ) . !5 ncvcr rcc
( ) u!uvs
Sncc!!cu!!cn numc lurumc!cr cxn!unu!!cn \u!uc runc Nc!c
lDD_Rll_O|\NT Tnd!cu!cs !hc rcncr!!n quun!!!v cr |TR\N
lDD cc!!s
= , O RSCl
= / ! lC NO
, Nc! !unub!c
l!xcd vu!uc !
8G_Sl\RCH_lRTO Tnd!cu!cs ! 8G cc!!s muv bc scurchcd hcn
lSTC dcccd!n !s rcqu!rcd
= , O nc
= ! vcs
, Nc! !unub!c
l!xcd vu!uc !
lDD_M|lTTR\T_RllORTTNG Thc numbcr c cc!!s rcm !hc ucccss
/ !cchnc!cv mcdc lDD !hu! shu!! bc !nc!udcd
!n !hc mcusurcmcn! rcncr!
O 8 , Nc! !unub!c
l!xcd vu!uc ?
Oscurch_C_Tn!!!u! Tnd!cu!cs !hc Oscurch vu!uc !c bc uscd !n
ccnncc!cd mcdc bccrc Oscurch_C !s
rccc!vcd
= , O usc Oscurch_T
= ( ) ! u!uvs
, Nc! !unub!c
l!xcd vu!uc O
C
h
u
n
c
u
b
!
c
H
!
d
d
c
n
N - Nck!u
Handover Control
Handover Types
SRNS Relocation
GSM ISHO
Load Based Handover to WCDMA
Cell Reselection
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u

Cc!!
Rcsc!cc!!cn
l!s!
GSM MS s!ur!s "CDM\ mcusurcmcn!s
! :
< ( ) Rl\_C l Oscurch_T cr
< <= O Oscurch_T
cr
> ( ) Rl\_C l Oscurch_T cr
< <= Oscurch_T !5
, T cr su!!ub!c |MTS cc!!
& : cr u ncr!cd c 5 s
> ClTCH RSCl Rl\_C +
lDD_Ocsc!
/ ClTCH lc Nc lDD_Om!n
nc
nr!cr!!!cs
bc!ccn
"CDM\
nc!hbcr s
: Mcusurcmcn! |ndu!cs
RlC_C vu!uc c !hc scrv!n cc!!
+ !cus! G s!rcncs! ncn scrv!n
GSM cc!!s
u! !cus! cvcrv 5 s
chcck
und
"CDM\ cc!!
rcsc!cc!!cn
:
lCCH
FDD_Qmin, FDD_Qoffset
: ldd_Ocsc!
sc!cc! u!!uvs
( vu!uc !s
- ) !n!n!!v
= - lDD_Om!n !8
dl
Cell Reselection 2G -> 3G
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Re-selection measurements are controlled by the parameter threshold
to search WCDMA RAN cells (QSRI)
GSM MS s!ur!s "CDM\ mcusurcmcn!s !n cusc
( ) runn!n uvcruc s!nu! Rl\_C !cvc! !s bc!c cr ubcvc
: ccr!u!n !hrcshc!d
Rl\_C # ( ) Oscurch _T Ncn GlRS
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Tr!cr!n c !hc 8G cc!! mcusurcmcn!s
Dcncnd!n cn cncru!crs ?G 8G !n!crcrk!n s!ru!cv nurumc!cr O_scurch_T shcu!d n!unncd
. ucccrd!n!v
Ccn!uru!!cn !
< Rl\_C
( l Oscurch_T)

( < O Oscurch_T<
= ) G
GSM
8G
: T cumn!n !n u 8G cc!! !s nr!cr!!v !hcn
- . Ccn!uru!!cn ! !s nc! ucccn!ub!c bccuusc cumn!n cn 8G !n zcncs !!h ccd GSM ccvcruc !s nc! ncss!b!c
- : & . Ccn!uru!!cn ? cumn!n cn 8G !s nc! ncss!b!c !n h!h mcd!um nccr GSM ccvcruc
- : / . Ccn!uru!!cn 8 cumn!n cn GSM 8G !s ncss!b!c und nc! ccns!ru!n! !c c!hcr svs!cm s ccvcruc
, Thcrccrc ccn!uru!!cn 8 !s !hc bcs! chc!cc u! cxncnscs c dccrcus!n !hc bu!!crv !!c!!mc c !hc !crm!nu!
Ccn!uru!!cn ?
> Rl\_C
( l Oscurch_T)

( < Oscurch_T<=!
) 5
, Tn !hc bcs! cusc 8G
cc!! mcusurcmcn!s urc
rcs!r!c!cd !c !hc
: ccnd!!!cn
> Rl\_C !cvc! 8
dlm
GSM
8G
, Tn !hc bcs! cusc 8G
cc!! mcusurcmcn!s urc
ncss!b!c hcn Rl\_C
< !cvc! 4 dlm
GSM
8G
Ccn!uru!!cn 8
< Rl\_C
( ). u!uvs
(Oscurch_T= )
Measurements for 2G -> 3G inter-system cell
reselection
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Cell Re-selection Parameters
Qsearch_I and Qsearch_P define the threshold for non-GPRS/GPRS

(respectively) capable UEs to measure 3G neighbour cells when a running
average of the received downlink signal level (RLA_C) of the serving cell is
below (0-7) or above (8-15) the threshold
\ u!uc O ! G 8 O !O !4 !5
dl m -O8 -O4 -4
\!uvs
-8 -4 -O -54 Ncvcr
lDD_Ocsc! und lDD_GlRS_Osc! - / ( ) !hc ncn GlRS GlRS rcsncc!!vc!v cunub!c |ls
. udd !h!s csc! !c !hc Rl\_C c !hc GSM cc!!s \!cr !hu! !hc |l ccmnurcs
!hc mcusurcd RSCl vu!ucs c 8G cc!!s !!h s!nu! !cvc!s c !hc GSM cc!!s
\u!uc O ! ? 8 8 !4 !5
dlm -u!uvs -?8 -?4 -?O O ?4 ?8
\!uvs sc!cc! !rrcsncc!!vc c RSCl vu!uc > ( ) + Rcsc!cc! !n cusc RSCl GSM R\lcv Rl\_C ?8dl
< - T Rl\_C O4 |l s!ur!s 8G mcusurcmcn!s |l u!uvs mcusurcs 8G cc!!s > - T Rl\_C O |l s!ur!s 8G mcusurcmcn!s
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Cell Re-selection Parameters
FDD_Qmin, defines minimum Ec/No threshold that a 3G cell must exceed, in order
the UE makes a cell reselection from 2G to 3G. This is the new mapping table
FDD_REP_QUANT defines the reporting quantity for UTRAN cell (1=Ec/No or

0=RSCP, default 1). This parameter is hidden and it can not be tuned
3G_Search_PRIO parameter allows to extend the BSIC reporting interval from 10 s to
13s by checking the BSICs from non-serving BCCH carriers and also make WCDMA
measurements as often as possible. Range is 0=no, 1=yes, default value .This
parameter is hidden and it can not be tuned
Defined in the SI2quater and PSI3quater if PBCCH is allocated
lurumc!c
r
lurumc!c
r
Numc cr
Svs Tnc
( ) ST
Numc cr
Svs Tnc
( ) ST
Oscurch
_T
Oscurch
_T
?quu!cr
?quu!cr
Oscurch
_l
Oscurch
_l
Oscurch
_l
Oscurch
_l
?quu!cr
?quu!cr
8quu!cr
8quu!cr
lDD_OM!
n
lDD_OM!
n
?!cr
?!cr
( lDD_ Gl
) RS
Ocsc!
( lDD_ Gl
) RS
Ocsc!
?quu!cr
?quu!cr
lDD_Rll
_
O|\NT
lDD_Rll
_
O|\NT
?!cr
?!cr
8G_scur
ch_
lRTO
8G_scur
ch_
lRTO
( ) ? 8 quur
!cr
( ) llCCH
( ) ? 8 quur
!cr
( ) llCCH
Fdd_Qmin mapping
Aif parameter 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Fdd_Qmin (old) [dB] -20 -19 -18 -17 -16 -15 -14 -13
Fdd_Qmin (new) [dB] -20 -6 -18 -8 -16 -10 -14 -12
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Cell Re-selection Example-Weaker WCDMA
Non GPRS case
!
Scrv!n GSM Cc!!
Nc!hbcur "CDM\ Cc!!
/ lc Nc
/ RSCl
Rl\_C
. 5 scc
- Cc!! rc sc!cc!!cn !c "CDM\
= lDD_Om!n O
(- ) ?O dl
= (- ) lDD_Ocsc! G 8 dl
= Oscurch_T O
(- ) O8 dlm
Rl\_C
( ) Mcusurcmcn!s s!ur!s scrv!n cc!!
M!n!mum Ouu!!!v Rcqu!rcmcn! cr "CDM\
/ lc NO
RSCl
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Cell Re-selection Example-Weaker WCDMA
GPRS case
!
( ) Scrv!n GSM Cc!! lcs!
Nc!hbcur "CDM\ Cc!!
/ lc Nc
/ RSCl
Rl\_C
. 5 scc
- Cc!! rc sc!cc!!cn !c "CDM\
lDD_Om!n
=- ?O dl
= ( ) lDD_GlRS_Ocsc! !O 8 dl
= Oscurch_l O
(- ) O8 dlm
Rl\_l
( ) Mcusurcmcn!s s!ur!s scrv!n cc!!
M!n!mum Ouu!!!v Rcqu!rcmcn! cr "CDM\
/ lc NO
RSCl
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Whilst camping in a 3G cell the UE performs intra-frequency, inter-
frequency, and inter-system measurements based on the measured
CPICH EcNo of the serving cell according to the following rules:
Serving cell parameters Sintrasearch, Sintersearch and SsearchRAT are compared
with Squal (CPICH Ec/No - Qqualmin) in S-criteria for cell re-selection
UE will measure neighbor cells depending on how parameters are set & send (if
parameters are not sent UE shall measure all cells)
1 - None(Squal > S
intrasearch
)
2 - WCDMA intra-frequency (S
intersearch
< Squal S
intrasearch
)
3 - WCDMA intra- and inter- frequency, no inter-RAT cells (Ssearch
RAT
< Squal S
intersearch
)
4 - WCDMA intra- and inter-frequency and inter-RAT cells (Squal Ssearch
RAT
)
S!n!ruscurch S!n!crscurchSscurchR
\T
"CDM\
Clll
! ? 8 4
N - ?OOG Nck!u
l!rs! runk!n c u!! !hc cc!!s
buscd cn
( ) ClTCH RSCl "CDM\ und RSST
( ) GSM
= Rs ClTCH RSCl + Ohvs!!
= Rn ( ) Rx!cv n - Ocsc!!
( ) > Rn GSM Rs
( ) "CDM\
\nd
( ) Rx!cv GSM
>Orx!cvM!n
Ycs
Nc
- Cc!! rc
sc!cc!!cn
!c GSM
Nc!hbcur "CDM\ cr
GSM
cc!! cu!cu!u!!cn
!!h csc!
nurumc!cr
Scrv!n "CDM\
cc!!
, cu!cu!u!!cn !!h
hvs!crcs!s
nurumc!cr
|l s!ur!s GSM mcusurcmcn!s !
/ < ClTCH lc Nc qOuu!M!n +
sScurchR\T
S!n!ruScurch
S!n!crScurch
SscurchR\T
ClTCH lcNc
qOuu!M!n
Scccnd runk!n cn!v cr "CDM\
/ cc!!s buscd cn ClTCH lc Nc
= / + Rs ClTCH lc Nc Ohvs!?
= / ( )- Rn ClTCH_lc Nc n Ocsc!?
- Cc!! rc sc!cc!!cn
!c
"CDM\ cc!! c
h!hcs!
R vu!uc
N - ?OOG Nck!u
UE ranks the serving cell and the measured neighboring cells to find
out if reselection should be made
WCDMA intra-frequency neighbor cell:
CPICH Ec/No > AdjsQqualmin and CPICH RSCP > AdjsQrexlevmin
WCDMA inter-frequency cell:
CPICH Ec/No > AdjiQqualmin and CPICH RSCP > AdjiQrexlevmin
GSM cell:
Rxlev > Qrxlevmin
Ranking is done using Criteria R, and the UE reselects to the cell with
highest R-criteria. R-criteria is defined as:
For serving cell: Rs = Qmeas,s + Qhysts
For neighboring cell Rn = Qmeas,n Qoffsetts,n
Qmeas is CPICH Ec/No for WCDMA cell and RxLev for GSM cell
N - ?OOG Nck!u
There is no timer defined how long the GSM should be fulfilling the re-
selection criteria
However there is running average of 4 GSM measurements which
provides some protection against ping pong (time vice based on
DRX cycle length and as sliding window average)
In case additional protection is needed it can be arranged by using the
Qhyst1 parameter (for WCDMA serving cell RSCP) or AdjgQoffset1
(for GSM neighbor ing cell RxLev)
l!rs! runk!n c u!! !hc cc!!s
buscd cn
( ) ClTCH RSCl "CDM\ und RSST
( ) GSM
= Rs ClTCH RSCl + Ohvs!!
= Rn ( ) Rx!cv n - Ocsc!!
N - ?OOG Nck!u
How to avoid ping pong ?
When phone is camped on 3G, GSM measurements can start when CPICH Ec/Io
of serving cell is below Ssearch_RAT + QqualMin.
When phone is camped on GSM, cell reselection to 3G is possible if CPICH Ec/Io
of the candidate is above FDD_Qmin.
Therefore, to avoid ping pongs between 3G and GSM the following condition
should be met:
>= lDD_Om!n
+ Oquu!M!n Sscurch_R\T
=- Oquu!M!n !8 dl
= Sscurch_R\T 4 dl
/ ClTCH lc Tc
>= - lDD_Om!n !?
dl
+ Oquu!M!n Sscurch_R\T
!
Cumn!n cn 8G Cumn!n cn GSM Cumn!n cn 8G
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Handover Control
Handover Types
SRNS Relocation
GSM ISHO
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
HSDPA mobility
The mobility procedures are affected by the fact that the HS-PDSCH
allocation for a given UE belongs to only one of the radio links
assigned to the UE
RAS05: HSDPA mobility handling with channel type switching
RAS05.1: Serving HS-DSCH Cell Change
Channel type switching required always before ISHO/IFHO

N - Nck!u
Chapter 7
-Handover Control-
. ! "hu! churuc!cr!scs !n!ru rcqucncv "CDM\ hurd Hundcvcr'
. ? "h!ch Hundcvcr !vncs urc mcb!!c cvu!uu!cd Hundcvcrs'
. 8 "hu! !s !hc d!crcncc bc!ccn sc! und sc!cr Hundcvcr'
. 4 , "hu! ccnd!!!cns mus! bc mc! bccrc u cc!! cun bc uddcd !c !hc uc!!vc sc!'
. 5 - - "hu! !vnc c s!!uu!!cns !n!!!u!c !n!cr rcqucncv cr !n!cr svs!cm Hundcvcr'
. G
. "hu! !s !hc mu!n d!crcncc bc!ccn TlHO und TSHO mcusurcmcn!s '
. 8
. O "hu! !s !hc rcuscn cr GSM TSHO '
N - Nck!u
Handover Control Appendix
Handover Types
SRNS Relocation
GSM ISHO
Appendix
N - Nck!u
IMSI Based Handover Solution Overview
IMSI based Handover is optional RAN04 feature
The purpose of the IMSI specific Handover feature is that a mobile
subscriber in a visited network can be commanded to measure selectively
only specified PLMN cells and to make Handover accordingly to those
specified (home or authorised) PLMNs. The input for the selective
measurement control is the PLMN id that is included in the IMSI of the
subscriber.
= + + TMST MCC MNC MSTN
+ = MCC MNC llMN TD
TMST Tn!crnu!!cnu! Mcb!!c Subscr!bcr
Tdcn!!!v
MCC Mcb!!c Ccun!rv Ccdc
MNC Mcb!!c Nc!crk Ccdc
MSTN Mcb!!c Subscr!bcr Tdcn!!!cu!!cn
Numbcr
llMN lub!!c lund Mcb!!c Nc!crk
: Thcrc urc cur k!nd c TMST buscd Hundcvcr
- TMST buscd Tn!ru rcqucncv HO
- TMST buscd Tn!cr rcqucncv HO
- TMST buscd Tn!cr svs!cm HO
- / - Tmmcd!u!c TMST buscd !n!cr rcqucncv !n!ru rcqucncv HO
N - Nck!u
IMSI Based HO
There is two new Management object class related to IMSI based
HO
WANE-WCDMA authorised networks

Authorized network identifier (AuthorisedNetworkId)
List of authorized networks (AuthorisedNetworkList)
Authorised network PLMN (AuthorisedNetworkPLMN)
Technology used in the authorised network (Technology)
WANE name (WANEName)
WSG-WCDMA Subscriber group
Subscriber home PLMN (HomePLMN)
Name of subscriber home PLMN (OperatorName)
Subscriber Group identifier (SubscriberGroupID)
Identifier of the authorised network
(WSGAuthorisedNetworkId)
GSM roaming allowed (GSM roaming)
WANE set contains PLMN ids where the UE is allowed to make Handovers
WSG object maps the subscriber (PLMN id) to certain WANE set with a
WANE id. A WSG object should be created for every subscriber (PLMN id)
visiting the network.
Max Number of WANEs is 10 and max number of WSGs is 128
N - Nck!u
WSG Selecting the list of Authorised PLMNs
The RNC shall select the desired list of authorised PLMNs for the selective
measurement control on the basis of the PLMN Id that is included in the IMSI
of the subscriber
The RNC links the PLMN ID of the subscriber with the desired list of authorised
PLMNs by means of an index table
llMN ?4? O
\u!hcr!scd llMN !!s!
#?
TMST ?4?O\\\
llMN ?4?O
. luch TMST hus hurd ccdcd !hc llMN !hu! bc!cns !c
( ) Thc "SG usscc!u!cs cnc !!s! numbcr "\Nl TD !c cuch llMN
"SG !d llMN !d l!s! !d
O
( , ?48O5 On l 8G bcrdcr
) ccun!rv
!
!
( ) ?4?O! On l Shurcd 8G
4
( ) ?4?O On \ 8G
?
8
( ) ?4?O8 On l 8G
8
!?
TMST ?4?O8\\\
llMN ?4?O8
llMN ?4? O8
\u!hcr!scd llMN !!s!
#8
MCC MNC
N - ?OOG Nck!u
WANE - Structure of the Authorised PLMN lists
A list of authorised PLMNs shall contain the maximum of six PLMN identifiers
The radio network database shall have ten separate authorised PLMN lists (WANEs)
It is not necessary to add the home PLMN Id of the subscriber to the list of
authorised PLMNs
# l!s! ( . ) \u!hcr!scd llMNs mux G
# !
( ) ?4?!O On D 8G
#?
( ?4?OG On \ GSM ( ?4?OO On C 8G ( ) ?4?O! On C GSM ( , ?48O5 On l 8G
) bcrdcr ccun!rv
#8
( ) ?4?OO On l GSM ( ?4?O! On l Sh
) 8G
( ) ?4?!O On D 8G ( , ?48OG On G 8G
) bcrdcr ccun!rv
#4
( ) ?4?O8 On l 8G ( ) ?4?OO On l GSM
#O
\!!
# `\!!` !n !hc !!s! O !nd!cu!cs !hu! u!! llMNs urc ccns!dcrcd uu!hcr!scd llMNs
( - - RNC shu!! ccmb!nc !hc nc!hbcur cc!! !!s! cr !hc !n!cr rcqucncv cr !n!cr R\T
( ) GSM mcusurcmcn! rcm u!! nc!hbcur!n cc!!s rcurd!css c !hc!r llMN
) !dcn!!!crs
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Types of IMSI Based handover
There are five kind of IMSI based Handover:
IMSI based Intra-frequency HO (IMSIBasedSHO=enabled)

IMSI based Inter-frequency HO (IMSIBasedIFHO= enabled)
IMSI based Inter-system HO (IMSIBasedGsmHO= enabled)
Immediate IMSI based Inter-frequency HO (IMSIBasedIFHO=immediate)
Immediate IMSI based Inter-system HO (IMSIBasedGsmHO=immediate)
N - ?OOG Nck!u
IMSI based Intra Frequency HO
If at least one of the AS cells has IMSIbasedSHO enabled, then Intra

Frequency HO is possible only if the PLMN ID of the monitored cell,
which needs to be added, is the same as either the home PLMN ID of
the subscriber or the authorized PLMNs or an AS cell's PLMN
If none of the AS cells has IMSIbasedSHO enabled, then the monitored cell
is added into the active set regardless of the PLMN IDs
The IMSI based Intra Frequency HO does not affect the intra frequency
measurement procedure: the RNC makes the neighbour cell lists for
the intra-frequency measurements regardless of the PLMN IDs of the
neighbour cells
When a cell triggers the events 1A or 1C, the RNC checks whether fulfils
the PLMN requirements, in that case it is added to the AS
If a cell, that triggers the events 1A or 1C, does not fulfil the PLMN
requirements and becomes the strongest (increases the interference),
the RNC may release the RRC connection
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Example: IMSI based Intra Frequency HO
!
!
!
O n \
C cun!rv \
Thc RNC shu!! bc ub!c !c
- ncrcrm !n!cr llMN hundcvcrs
( ) SHO und TlHO !!h!n !hc RNC
( c!hcr!sc !! !!! nc! bc
ncss!b!c !c udd !hc rccn
) cncru!cr cc!! !c !hc uc!!vc sc!
!
!
!
RNC !
( - ) Shurcd On \ On l
On l
lcrdcr Ccun!rv
Thc TMST Tn!ru lrcqucncv HO !s
-> bc!ccn d!crcn! llMNs
Tn!ru lrcqucncv Hurd
Hundcvcr( !hcrc !s nc Tur
) bc!ccn !hcsc RNCs
lxumn!c !
lxumn!c ?
N - ?OOG Nck!u
IMSI based Inter Frequency/ Inter System HO
If at least one of the AS cells has IMSIbasedIFHO/ IMSIbasedISHO enabled, then

Inter Frequency / Inter System HO is possible only if the PLMN ID of the
monitored cell, which needs to be added, is the same as either the home
PLMN ID of the subscriber or the authorized PLMNs
Unlike IMSI based Intra Frequency HO, the measurement list sent by the RNC in
IMSI based IF/IS HO only includes the IF/IS HO cells which fulfil the PLMN
requirement
The procedure is the same for IF/IS HO causes
1.DL DPCH approaches its maximum allowed power

2.Quality deterioration report from UL outer loop PC
3.Low measured absolute CPICH Ec/No
4.UE Tx power approaches its maximum allowed power
5.Low measured absolute CPICH RSCP
N - ?OOG Nck!u
IMSI IF HO Signalling
: RRC Ml\S|RlMlNT CONTROl ( ) Tl mcus dc!u!!s
|l
TSHO !r!crcd
RNC
: RRC Ml\S|RlMlNT RllORT ( ) Tr!cr lvcn!
: RRC Ml\S|RlMlNT CONTROl ( , ) ClN TGlS
: RRC Ml\S|RlMlNT RllORT ( , ) ClN TGlS
Rud!c l!nk
Sc!un
lcr!cd!c Tl
mcus Rcncr!!n
: RRC lHYSTC\l CH\NNll RlCONlTG|R\TTON ( ) T!m!n Tnd!cu!!cn
Hundcvcr
Dcc!s!cn
.
.
Ccmnrcsscd Mcdc
\c!!vu!!cn
RNC ccmmunds mcusurcmcn!s
c !hc uu!hcr!zcd Tl
cc!!s
Thcrc !s bud
quu!!!v
ccnd!!!cns !n !hc
. . !!nk
"!!h !hc !ncrmu!!cn
, c!!cn !hc RNC
, usscss !hc bcs! cc!!
und dcc!dcs !c
u!!cmn! u TlHO !c !!
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Immediate IMSI based Inter Frequency/ Inter
System HO
It is new cause that triggers the Inter Frequency or Inter System HO

If at least one of the AS cells has IMSIbasedSHO enabled and IMSIbasedIFHO/
IMSIbasedISHO is set to immediate, then RNC starts a Immediate IMSI IF/IS
HO in case the RNC cannot add a cell, which triggers the event 1A or 1C, into
the AS, due to it does not fulfil the requirement of home/authorised/active set
PLMNs
It is possible to monitor a cell which does not fulfil the PLMN requirements
because the RNC provides information about all the intra frequency cells,
regardless of the PLMN IDs
The compress mode is started and the RNC sends in a MEASUREMENT
CONTROL message only information about the inter-frequency or inter-
system cells whose PLMN is the same as either the home PLMN ID of the
subscriber or the authorized PLMNs
The IF HO/ISHO takes place normally
N - ?OOG Nck!u
On \ TMST
Example 1 : IMSI Based IFHO Activated
TMST nurumc!crs !n
u!! RNC ! cc!!s
= TMSTbuscdGsmHO d!sub
!cd
= TMSTbuscdSHO d!sub!c
d
= TMSTbuscdTlHO cnu
b!cd
\u!hcr!scd
llMNs #!
!OO!!
#?
!OO!O
#8
!OO?O
?
!
!
!
RNC !
( - ) Shurcd On \ On l
RNC ?
( ) On \
?
"SG !d llMN !d l!s! !d
O !OO!O !
! !OO?O 8
? !OO!! 8
8 !OO?! ?
TMST Ob(cc!s !n RNC !
( ) On \ cn cc!! llMN !OO!O
On \ ccn!rc!!cd cc!!
( ) shurcd RNC llMN !OO!!
On l cn cc!!
( ) llMN !OO!O
On l ccn!rc!!cd cc!!
( ) shurcd RNC llMN !OO?!
On \
On \
On l
On \
- . RNC rcncr!s u!! !hc !n!ru rcq cc!!s Thcrc !s nc llMN unu!vs!s s!ncc = TMSTbuscdSHO d!sub!cd, -> sc Tn!ru lrcq HO !c On l cc!!
, Onc c !hc TlSO cuuscs rcuchcs !!s !hrcshc!d sc TMST TlHO !r!crcd ( = TMSTbuscdTlHO cnub!cd) -> und RNC scnds !hc !!s! c !hc u!!ccd cc!!s TlHO !c On \
! ! ! Nc!!cc !hu! un On l TMST cu!d bchuvc d!crcn!!v !n !hc vcrv sumc sccnur!c
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Immediate IMSI HO cause conditions
1.
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Summarizing .
TMST luscd Tn!ru
lrcq HO
/ TMST luscd TlHO TSHO Tmmcd!u!c TMST luscd
/ TlHO TSHO
Sc!!!ns !n un
uc!!vc sc!
cc!!
= TMSTbuscdSHO cnub!cd = TMSTbuscdGsmHO cnub!cd
/
= TMSTbuscdTlHO cnub!cd
= TMSTbuscdSHO cnub!cd
\ND
( = TMSTbuscdGsmHO !mmcd!u!c /
= TMSTbuscdTlHO !mmcd!u!c)
llMN cr!!cr!u
( ) TMST HO !r!cr
Hcmc\ \u!hcr!scd
\\c!!vc sc!
Hcmc\\u!hcr!scd - \n TMST Tn!ru lrcq u!!cmn!
!c u cc!! !hu! dccs nc!
u!!! !hc Tn!ru lrcq llMN
cr!!cr!u
Nc!hbcur !!s!
scn! bv !hc
RNC
\!! !hc Tn!ru lrcq
cc!!s
/ On!v !hc T TS HO cc!!s
!hu! u!!! !hc llMN
cr!!cr!u
/ On!v !hc T TS HO cc!!s
!hu! u!!! !hc llMN
cr!!cr!u
llMN cr!!cr!u unn!!cd bv RNC cn!v cvcr u cc!! h!ch !s cund!du!c !c bc uddcd !n !hc uc!!vc sc!
Nc!!cc !hc Tmmcd!u!c TMST HO !nvc!vcs ? cc!! !!s!s: ( ) ! Tc u!!! !hc
( ) ( ) , / TMST Tn!ru lrcq llMN cr!!cr!u ? Oncc !hc Tmmcd!u!c TMST !s !r!crcd !hc u!!ccd llMN Tl TS cc!!s hcrc !hc subscr!bcr cun hund cvcr !c
T! !s nc! rcqu!rcd cr !hcsc cc!!s !c huvc !hc TMST cu!urc cnub!cd, !n crdcr !c bc !nc!udcd !n !hc nc!hbcur !!s!. Jus! !c huvc !hc nrcncr llMN TD
N - ?OOG Nck!u
IMSI Based Handover
Example Cases
IMSI-based Handover can be used in different network sharing cases

Based on IMSI, users of each operator can be handed over to their
home or authorised WCDMA network from the shared area, when
coverage becomes available (cases 1 and 2)
Based on IMSI, inter-system Handovers to the users home or
authorised GSM network can be performed in the shared area (all
cases)
- - !n!cr rcqucncv HO !c hcmc
cr uu!hcr!scd "CDM\ cc!!
- - !n!cr svs!cm HO !c hcmc cr
uu!hcr!scd GSM nc!crk
- TMST buscd Hundcvcrs rcm !hc
: shurcd urcu
D!crcn!
nc!hbcr cc!!
dc!n!!!cns !n
RNC cr
d!crcn! TMST
runcs
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Case 1: IMSI Based Handover and
Geographical Sharing
GSM GSM GSM
GSM
"CDM\
GSM GSM GSM
"CDM\ "CDM\ "CDM\
"CDM\ "CDM\ "CDM\ "CDM\
GSM GSM GSM GSM GSM
Oncru!cr \ GSM cc!!
Oncru!cr \ cn "CDM\ cc!!
Oncru!cr \ ccn!rc!!cd
shurcd
"CDM\ cc!!
Oncru!cr l GSM cc!!
Oncru!cr l cn "CDM\ cc!!
Oncru!cr l ccn!rc!!cd shurcd "CDM\
cc!!
Oncru!cr \ uscr nu!h Oncru!cr l uscr nu!h
, luscd cn TMST !cud
- und scrv!cc buscd
- !n!cr svs!cm HOs !c
!hc!r cn GSM nc!crk
!n shurcd urcu
( Scnuru!c nc!hbcr !!s!s cr d!crcn! TMST runcs d!crcn! llMN
) uscrs
, luscd cn TMST cncru!cr \ uscr !s hundcd cvcr !c !!s cn "CDM\ nc!crk hcn ccvcruc bcccmcs uvu!!ub!c
GSM
GSM
, luscd cn TMST cncru!cr l uscr !s hundcd cvcr !c !!s cn "CDM\ nc!crk hcn ccvcruc bcccmcs uvu!!ub!c , luscd cn TMST uscrs urc hundcd cvcr !c !hc!r cn GSM nc!crks hcn "CDM\ ccvcruc cnds
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Common Shared RAN
GSM GSM GSM
"CDM\
"CDM\
GSM GSM GSM
Oncru!cr \ GSM cc!!
Oncru!cr \ cn "CDM\ cc!!
Ccmmcn shurcd "CDM\ cc!!
Oncru!cr l GSM cc!!
Oncru!cr l cn "CDM\ cc!!
"CDM\ "CDM\
) uscrs
GSM
GSM
"CDM\
GSM
GSM
- und scrv!cc buscd
!hc!r cn GSM nc!crk
!n shurcd urcu
, luscd cn TMST cncru!cr \ uscr !s hundcd cvcr !c !!s cn "CDM\ nc!crk hcn ccvcruc bcccmcs uvu!!ub!c , luscd cn TMST cncru!cr l uscr !s hundcd cvcr !c !!s cn "CDM\ nc!crk hcn ccvcruc bcccmcs uvu!!ub!c , luscd cn TMST uscrs urc hundcd cvcr !c !hc!r cn GSM nc!crks hcn "CDM\ ccvcruc cnds
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Mobile Virtual Network Operator
GSM GSM
GSM GSM
"CDM\ "CDM\
) uscrs
GSM
GSM
Oncru!cr \ GSM cc!!
Oncru!cr \ ccn!rc!!cd "CDM\
cc!!
Oncru!cr l GSM cc!!
- und scrv!cc buscd
!hc!r cn GSM nc!crk
!n shurcd urcu
, luscd cn TMST uscrs urc hundcd cvcr !c !hc!r cn GSM nc!crks hcn "CDM\ ccvcruc cnds
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Handover Control
Handover Types
SRNS Relocation
GSM ISHO
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Emergency ISHO (EMISHO)
- D!rcc!cd lmcrcncv Cu!! Tn!cr svs!cm Hundcvcr d!rcc!s cmcrcncv cu!!s rcm |TR\N
. !c GSM nc!crk !n crdcr !c u!!c mcrc uccuru!c !hun Cc!! TD und RTT buscd !ccu!!cn scrv!cc
. T! !s un cn!!cnu! cu!urc und dcs!ncd cr |S murkc! !c sunncr! lCC rcqu!rcmcn!s
Source
UMTS RAN
Target
GSM BSS
PSAP
GMLC GMLC
1. Emergency Call
Establishment
6
. L
o
c
a
tio
n
2
.

L
o
c
a
t
i
o
n

R
e
q
u
e
s
t
8. Location
Request
9. Location
5
.

P
o
s
i
t
i
o
n
i
n
g
3. Handover to GSM
7. Location
Route of call before handover
Route of call after handover
4
. L
o
c
a
tio
n
R
e
q
u
e
s
t
3G MSC
2G MSC
N - ?OOG Nck!u
EMISHO Call-Flow
: R\N\l lccu!!cn Rcncr!!n Ccn!rc!
: Nl\l Dcd!cu!cd Mcusurcmcn! Tn!! Rcq
: - RRC Mcusurcmcn! Ccn!rc! |l Tx Rx
: Nl\l Dcd!cu!cd Mcusurcmcn! Tn!! Rcsn
: - RRC Mcusurcmcn! Rcncr! Tx Rx
lccu!!cn Cu!cu!u!!cn buscd cn CTd und RTT
& TSHO mcusurcmcn!s HO
!c GSM
) , Cusc u TSHO !c GSM !s succcssu! nc rcsncnsc !c MSS
) : Cusc b TSHO !c GSM !s nc! succcssu!
: R\N\l lccu!!cn Rcncr!
: Rcncr! \rcu Tl Gccrunh!cu!
\rcu
: C!!cn! Tvnc Tl lmcrcncv
Cu!!
SMlC
Rud!c lcurcr sc!un
, Tn cusc TSHO !c GSM u!!s
+ RNC kccns !ccu!!cn buscd cn CT RTT !n m!nd
: und scnds R\N\l lccu!!cn Rcncr!
*
*
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Handover Control
Handover Types
SRNS Relocation
GSM ISHO
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load and Service based HO
The target of the Load and Service based HO feature is to allow
balancing of traffic between WCDMA frequencies/layers and
between GSM and WCDMA
The LSHO cab be configured to
Trunscr |l !c un!cd !uvcr buscd cn uscd

Scrv!cc
Trunscr |l !c c!hcr !uvcr !n h!h lcud buscd cn uscd
Scrv!cc
N - ?OOG Nck!u
lcud buscd hundcvcr
lcud buscd hundcvcr
Scrv!cc buscd hundcvcr
Ccns!un! mcn!!cr!n c !cud!n
lcr!cd!cu! chcck!n
HO !r!crs
Sc!cc!!cn c
ccnncc!!cns !c
bc hundcd cvcr
Mcusurcmcn!s
Hundcvcr
dcc!s!cn
Load and Service Based Handover Procedure
N - ?OOG Nck!u
lcud c !hc scurcc cc!!
( ) GSM cr "CDM\
% !OO
% 8O
% O
cn!v Scrv!cc buscd
hundcvcrs
lcud und Scrv!cc buscd
hundcvcrs ucccrd!n !c
scrv!cc nr!cr!!!cs

l
c
r
c
c
n
!
u
c
c
c
m
n
u
r
c
d
!
c
!
h
c
!
u
r
c
!
c
d
!
c
u
d
lcc!!vc ! n!cru!!cn
c GSM
und "CDM\
"CDM\ !uvcr munucmcn!
Scrv!cc
lrccrrcd
/ svs!cm !uvcr
. Ccnv CS snccch
. Ccnv CS !runsnurcn! du!u
. Ccnv lS snccch
. Ccnv lS RT du!u
GSM
GSM
, "CDM\ mucrc
, "CDM\ m!crc
- . S!rcum!n CS ncn !runsn GSM
S!rcum!n lS RT du!u , "CDM\ m!crc
Tn!cruc!!vc lS NRT du!u , "CDM\ m!crc
lxumn!c c scrv!cc nr!cr!!v !ub!c !n RNC
luckrcund lS NRT du!u , "CDM\ m!crc
Load and Service based Handovers
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load and Service based Handover Control
RNC configuration parameters define according to several services
whether load and/or service based handover can be performed.
SLHOUseBackgroundPSNRTData , SLHOUseConvCSSpeech , SLHOUseConvPSRTData ,
SLHOUseConvPSSpeech , SLHOUseInteractivePSNRTData , SLHOUseStreamCSNTData ,
SLHOUseStreamPSRTData
Service type UE is using Used handover type
Conversational, Circuit switched speech Eg. Load & Service HO
Conversational, Circuit switched transparent data Eg. Load & Service HO
Conversational, Packet switched speech Eg. Load HO
Conversational, Packet switched real time data Eg. Load HO
Streaming, Circuit switched non-transparent data Eg. Service HO
Streaming, Packet switched real time data Eg. Service HO
Interactive, Packet switched non-real time data Eg. None
Background, Packet switched non-real time data Eg. None
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load based HO
Service based HO
Selection of RRC connections and Service priority
Load of the target cells
Inter-frequency and inter-RAT measurements
Handover decision
Repetitive load and service-based handover attempts
N - ?OOG Nck!u

T
c
!
u
!
!
n
!
c
r
c
r
c
n
c
c

N
R
T
r
c
(
c
c
!
!
c
n
r
u
!
c

S
n
r
c
u
d
!
n
c
c
d
c
u
s
u
c

/

H
"
!
c
!
c
u
!

r
c
s
c
u
r
c
c
u
s
u
c
|n!!nk
Dcn!!nk

T
c
!
u
!
n
c
c
r

N
R
T
r
c
(
c
c
!
!
c
n
r
u
!
c
Tc!u! !n!crcrcncc !cud lS NRT cunuc!!v rcqucs! rc(cc!!cn ru!c luck c dcn!!nk snrcud!n ccdcs / H" !c!cu! rcscurcc !!m!!u!!cn
Tr!crs sc! bv
cncru!cr
\!cr ONl c !hc
rcuscns !s
u!!!!cd cc!! !s
!n !hc
!cud buscd
hundcvcr s!u!c
Hurd b!cck!n ru!!c c
- / lTS "Sl
- \\l?
Hurd b!cck!n ru!!c c
- / lTS "Sl
- \\l?
Triggering of Load based Handovers
N - ?OOG Nck!u
lHOlrOsc!|l = - . ! 5 dl rc!u!!vc !c lrxTurc!
> + lrxTc!u! lrxTurc!
lHOlrOsc!|l
> + l!xTc!u! l!xTurc!
lHOlrOsc!Dl
lHOlrOsc!Dl = - . O dl rc!u!!vc !c l!xTurc!
Hcudrccm cr CM !r!cr!n mus! bc ccns!dcrcd u!sc
: RNC chccks buscd cn RRT !n!crvu!
Triggering of Load based Handovers - Total
interference load
> + l!xTc!u!NcnHSDl\ l!xTurc!HSDl\
lHOlrOsc!Dl
: "hcn HSDl\ !n usc !n !hc cc!!
N - ?OOG Nck!u
( ) Mcusurcmcn! Rcncr! c4u Cunuc!!v
Rcqucs!
( ) RNC !n!crnu! Cunuc!!v Rcqucs! M\C !uvcr
= CunuRcqRc(Ru!c|l
Rc(cc!cdRcqucs!sCc!!|l
( + \!!Cunuc!!vRcqucs!sCc!!|l lHONRTTru!clusclcud )
= CunuRcqRc(Ru!cDl
Rc(cc!cdRcqucs!sCc!!Dl
( + \!!Cunuc!!vRcqucs!sCc!!Dl lHONRTTru!clusclcud )
> C unuR cqR c(R u!c| l
lHOCunuRc(Ru!c|l
> CunuRcqRc(Ru!cDl lHOCunuRc(Ru!cDl
: RNC chccks buscd cn ! scc !n!crvu!s
Triggering of Load based Handovers - PS NRT
capacity request rejection rate
N - ?OOG Nck!u
C0(0)=(1)
C 1(0)=(1,1)
C1 (1)=(1,-1)
C2(0)=(1,1,1,1)
C 2(1)=(1,1,-1,-1)
C2(2)=(1,-1,1,-1)
C2(3)=(1,-1,-1,1)
C3 (0)=()
C
3
(1)=()
C3 (2)=()
C3 (3)=()
C3 (4)=()
C3 (5)=()
C3 (6)=()
C3 (7)=()
Ccdc
Ordcr O
( ) Sl !
Ccdc Ordcr
( ) ! Sl ?
Ccdc Ordcr
( ? Sl ) 4
Ccdc Ordcr
( 8 Sl ) 8
( ) = Rcscrvu!!cnRu!cSC Sl!?8
RcscrvcdSC
Numb\vu!!ub!cSC
* !OO
( ) > Rcscrvu!!cnR u!c Sl!?8 lHORcsRu!cSC : RNC chccks buscd cn RRT !n!crvu!
Triggering of Load based Handovers - Lack of
downlink spreading codes
N - ?OOG Nck!u
"Sl cunuc!!v Tul \\l? cunuc!!v
> lHOHurdl!cck!nRu!!c
NumbcrOSumn!csHurdl!cck!n
( + \!!Sumn!csH"hun!Dur!nMcuslcr!cd lHOHurdl!cck!nlusclcud )
* !OO
Triggering of Load based Handovers - HW or
logical resources are limited
A load-based handover state is triggered due to HW or logical resource
(WBTS WSP capacity, IuB AAL2) congestion in the cell
Hard blocking occurs when a DCH setup attempt faces congestion of
the BTS or Iub AAL2 transmission capacity
All samples is defined to be the number of successful and
unsuccessful BTS or Iub AAL2 transmission capacity hunts in the DCH
setup attempts
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Triggering of Load based Handovers
Parameters
WCEL: LHOPwrOffsetUL
Range and step: -10..0 dB, step 0.1 dB (Default value: -0.7 dB)
WCEL: LHOPwrOffsetDL
Range and step: -30..0 dB, step 0.1 dB (Default value: -1.5 dB)
WCEL: LHOCapaRejRateUL
Range and step: 0..100 %, step 1 % (Default value: 70 %)
WCEL: LHOCapaRejRateDL
WCEL: LHONRTTrafficBaseLoad
Range and step: 0..255, step 1 (Default value: 10)
WCEL: LHOResRateSC
WCEL: LHOHardBlockingRatio
WCEL: LHOHardBlockingBaseLoad
N - ?OOG Nck!u
t
1. Sliding window to average
measurement samples when starting
load based HO state
Load based HO state
triggers ON
Load based HO state "ON" indication
shall be broadcasted in this point
2. Hysteresis time
Load based HOs are started if load (measured in the window 1.)
rises above the threshold and stays there for the hysteresis time
3. Sliding window to average
measurement samples when
stopping load based HO state
Load HOs
Activation of new load based
HOs stopped
4. Timer which delays
broadcasting of load based HO
state "OFF" indication
Load based HO state "OFF" indication
shall be broadcasted in this point
Load based HO
state triggers OFF
1.
2.
3.
1.
3.
4.
3.
lcud buscd Hundcvcr s!u!c cr unv cc!! !s !r!crcd ! !cud cxcccds !cud !hrcshc!ds
luch !cud !r!cr rcuscn cun bc s!!chcd cn cr c ; scnuru!c!v cnc rcuscn !r!crcd !s cncuh
!c nu! !hc cc!! !n ; lcud buscd Hundcvcr s!u!c s!u!c !s cvcr ! u!! !r!cr rcuscns urc bc!c !hrcshc!d
Tn lcud buscd Hundcvcr s!u!c, ( ) - RNC runs RRC |l sc!cc!!cn nrcccss cr c !cud!n "CDM\ cc!!
\vcru!n ncr!cd cr s!ur!!n lcud buscd Hundcvcr s!u!c !s !cncr !hun cr s!cnn!n
Processing of measurement results indicating load
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Processing of measurement results indicating load
Separate averaging window for ON (1) / OFF (3) measurement
Interference load: LHOWinSizeONInterference, LHOWinSizeOFFInterference
PS NRT CR: LHOWinSizeONCapaReqRejRate, LHOWinSizeOFFCapaReqRejRate
Lack of SCs: LHOWinSizeONResRateSC, LHOWinSizeOFFResRateSC
HW limit: LHOWinSizeONHardBlocking, LHOWinSizeOFFHardBlocking
(2) Hysteresis time
Interference load: LHOHystTimeInterference
PS NRT CR: LHOHystTimeCapaReqRejRate
Lack of SCs: LHOHystTimeResRateSC
HW limit: LHOHystTimeHardBlocking
(4) Delay off
Interference load: LHODelayOFFInterference
PS NRT CR: LHODelayOFFCapaReqRejRate
Lack of SCs: LHODelayOFFResRateSC
HW limit: LHODelayOFFHardBlocking
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load based HO
Service based HO
Handover decision
N - ?OOG Nck!u
( ): Scrv!cc buscd hundcvcr rcqucncv "Cll
ScrvHOlcr!cdTn!crlrcq [ .. ] , , : ; = O !?Oscc s!cn !s dcuu!! 8O scc O c

ScrvHOlcr!cdTn!crR\T [ .. ], , : ; = O !?Oscc s!cn !s dcuu!! 8O scc O c
( ): Scrv!cc buscd hundcvcr rcqucncv "Cll
ScrvHOlcr!cdTn!crlrcq [ .. ] , , : ; = O !?Oscc s!cn !s dcuu!! 8O scc O c

ScrvHOlcr!cdTn!crR\T [ .. ], , : ; = O !?Oscc s!cn !s dcuu!! 8O scc O c
"CDM\ cc!!
HO cund!du!cs
Service Based Handover Procedure
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load based HO
Service based HO
Handover decision
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Selection of RRC connections for load and service based
HO
UE shall be selected in the set of possible candidates for the service or
load based handover procedure
Preferred layer is defined in the combined service priority list
Availability of the target layer depends on

N - ?OOG Nck!u
Number of UEs to be selected
Number of UEs that are selected in the certain cell to load based
handover procedure during load based HO state
LHOnumbUEinterFreq
Range and step: 0..32, step 1 (Default value: 0 = Not used)
LHOnumbUEinterRAT
Range and step: 0..32, step 1 (Default value: 0 = Not used)
Each time service based handover is started in the cell, certain number
of RRC connections is selected in the procedure if possible
ServHOnumbUEinterFreq
ServHOnumbUEinterRAT
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Number of UEs in CM
RNC configuration parameter (WCEL) defines how many UEs can be
simultaneously in the compressed mode in certain cell due to service
or load based handover procedures
Compressed mode measurements due to load reason have higher

priority than due to service reason
Measurement capability IE of certain UEs can indicate that CM is not

needed i.e. UE have dual receiver capability
N - ?OOG Nck!u
lcud buscd hundcvcr
lcud buscd hundcvcr
. ! ccnncc!!cns h!ch SRNC !s !h!s RNC
. ? ccnncc!!cns h!ch urc nc! vc!
ncrcrm!n hundcvcr mcusurcmcn!s
. 8 ccnncc!!cns !!hcu! nrcv!cus !cud
buscd hundcvcr u!!cmn!s !n !h!s cc!!
!!h!n u ccr!u!n ncr!cd
. 8 ccnncc!!cns !!hcu! nrcv!cus !cud
. 4 NRT ccnncc!!cns h!ch u!!ccu!!cn hus
!us!cd !cncr !hun !hc sncc!!cd
ncr!cd
- lHOm!nNr!Dch\!!ccT!mc ( ) RNC
. 4 NRT ccnncc!!cns h!ch u!!ccu!!cn hus
!us!cd !cncr !hun !hc sncc!!cd
ncr!cd
- lHOm!nNr!Dch\!!ccT!mc ( ) RNC
. 5 Mu!!!scrv!cc ccnncc!!cns !!hcu!
ccn!rud!c!!cns !n !hc scrv!cc
( nr!cr!!v dc!n!!!cns !urc! svs!cm
/ + ) cun nc! bc GSM GlRS cr CS lS
. G ccnncc!!cns h!ch urc nc! !n
nrccrrcd R\T cr "CDM\ h!crurch!cu!
cc!! !uvcr
. G ccnncc!!cns h!ch urc nc! !n
cc!! !uvcr
. ccnncc!!cns h!ch cuusc h!hcs! !cud
!n !hc cc!! dcncnd!n cn !hc lcud
!r!cr
. ccnncc!!cns h!ch cuusc h!hcs! !cud
!n !hc cc!! dcncnd!n cn !hc lcud
!r!cr
. 8 ccnncc!!cns h!ch dccs
nc! rcqu!rc ccmnrcsscd
mcdc
. 8 ccnncc!!cns h!ch dccs
mcdc
. O rundcm sc!cc!!cn c
- rcmu!n!n u!cr s!cns ! 8
. O rundcm sc!cc!!cn c
- rcmu!n!n u!cr s!cns ! 8
Selection of RRC connections for load based HO
. 8 ccnncc!!cns !!hcu! nrcv!cus scrv!cc
. 8 ccnncc!!cns !!hcu! nrcv!cus scrv!cc
. G ccnncc!!cns h!ch dccs
mcdc
. G ccnncc!!cns h!ch dccs
mcdc
. rundcm sc!cc!!cn c
- rcmu!n!n u!cr s!cns ! G
. rundcm sc!cc!!cn c
- rcmu!n!n u!cr s!cns ! G
. 5 ccnncc!!cns h!ch urc nc! !n
cc!! !uvcr
. 5 ccnncc!!cns h!ch urc nc! !n
cc!! !uvcr
\
!
u
v
s
On!v!MORl!hundc!ncdnumbcr
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load based HO Phase 6 & Service based HO
Phase 5
RRC connections which are not in preferred RAT or hierarchical WCDMA layer
according to combined service priority list
RNC shall investigate which RRC connections are not in preferred RAT or
hierarchical WCDMA layer
RNC checks if selected target is available and selects those as a candidates for
the load based handover procedure
Selection of candidates is performed in three phases
Phase 1 Connections with Priority 1 target layer available are selected as a

candidates for the load or service based handover procedure (if no first priority
cases, no service based HO is performed)

candidates for the load based handover procedure

candidates for the load based handover procedure
If even after 3rd phase any RRC connection can not be selected, no handover
procedures are performed and finally overload control of RNC shall perform
its actions if needed
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Target system for the service and load-based
handover
The preferred RAT or preferred hierarchical WCDMA layer of each RRC
connection in the service-based handover is determined according to
combined service priority list information
Combined service priority list defines the target system for the service
and load-based handover
The RNC produces a combined service priority list based on the Iu

interface service priority information and the RNC based service
priority handover profile table
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Availability of the target WCDMA layers and GSM
system
The RNC investigates the availability of the target WCDMA layers and
GSM system in the neighbour cell list of the UE, which is selected in
the service and load-based handover procedure
If one or more of the other WCDMA frequency layer cells in the

neighbour cell list are marked as blocked cells in the SLHO procedure
The RNC checks if the GSM inter-system neighbour cell list has any
definitions which the penalty time (AdjgPenaltyTimeNCHO) is not
running
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Service priority handover profile table in RNC
RNC based service priority handover profile table is defined by RNC
level and service specific parameters
Scrv!cc !vnc
Scrv!cc !vnc
, C cnvcrsu!!cnu! C S
snccch
, C cnvcrsu!!cnu! C S
snccch
, - C cnvcrsu!!cnu! C S T
du!u
, - C cnvcrsu!!cnu! C S T
du!u
, C cnvcrsu!!cnu! lS
snccch
, C cnvcrsu!!cnu! lS
snccch
, C cnvcrsu!!cnu! lS RT
du!u
, C cnvcrsu!!cnu! lS RT
du!u
, - S!rcum !n C S N T du!u
, - S!rcum !n C S N T du!u
, S!rcum !n lS RT du!u
, S!rcum !n lS RT du!u
, Tn!cruc!!vc lS N RT du!u
, Tn!cruc!!vc lS N RT du!u
, l uckrcund lS N RT du!u
, l uckrcund lS N RT du!u
lrccrrcd
/ svs!cm !uvcr
lrccrrcd
/ svs!cm !uvcr
G SM
G SM
" C D M \
" C D M \
" C D M \
" C D M \
" C D M \
" C D M \
" C D M \ m ucrc
" C D M \ m ucrc
" C D M \ m ucrc
" C D M \ m ucrc
" C D M \ m !crc
" C D M \ m !crc
N c! dc!ncd
N c! dc!ncd
Exam
Exam
ple
ple
SlHOnrc!!cCcnvCSsnccch
SlHOnrc!!cCcnvCSTdu!u
SlHOnrc!!cCcnvlSsnccch
SlHOnrc!!cCcnvlSRTdu!u
SlHOnrc!!cS!rcumCSNTdu!u
SlHOnrc!!cS!rcumlSRTdu!u
SlHOnrc!!cTn!cruc!!vclSN
RTdu!u
SlHOnrc!!cluckrcundlSNR
Tdu!u
: ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( Runc und s!cn O Nc! dc!ncd ! GSM ? "CDM\ 8 "CDM\ m!crc !uvcr 4 "CDM\
) mucrc !uvcr
N - ?OOG Nck!u
WCDMA Layers
WCDMA macro cell means HCS priorities from 0 to 3.
WCDMA micro cell means HCS priorities from 4 to 7.
The main principle is that an attempt is made to hand over a certain

service type to the cell/layer which has the highest available priority
for it
The HCS priority of the serving cell is determined by the RNP

parameter HCS_PRIO (WCEL), and the HCS priority of an inter-
frequency neighbour cell is determined by the parameter
AdjiHCSpriority (HOPI).
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Iu interface service priority information
Iu interface service priority information defines the target system for
the service and load-based handover
The Service Handover IE received from the Iu interface via RANAP

signalling (RANAP: RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST message) provides
the following alternatives:
Service Handover IE is always set at (2) in Nokia SGSN

In Nokia MSC can be set based on service
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Combined service priority list
The RNC produces a combined service priority list
Iu interface service priority information has a higher priority than the

based table
RNC based service priority handover profile table is used instead
Iu interface service priority information defines the target system
If both WCDMA
RNC based service priority handover profile table can define
preferred target hierarchical cell layer (macro/micro) inside
WCDMA system
If the UE is not in the preferred RAT or hierarchical WCDMA layer, and

the preferred RAT or hierarchical WCDMA layer is available, the UE is
selected into the set of possible candidates for the service or load
-based handover procedure.
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Combined service priority list 1
Iu interface service priority
information not available
RNC-based service priority
information
GSM 1. GSM
2. GSM
3. WCDMA
WCDMA 1.
2. WCDMA
3. GSM
WCDMA macro 1. WCDMA macro layer
2. WCDMA
3. GSM
WCDMA micro 1. WCDMA micro layer
2. WCDMA
3. GSM
Not defined 1.
2. WCDMA
3. GSM
/ lr!cr!!v ! lrccrrcd luvcr cr
R\l !n
Scrv!cc- buscd HO
!s! nhusc c lcud- buscd
HO
lr!cr!!v ? luvcr cr R\l !n
?nd nhusc c lcud- buscd
hundcvcr nrcccdurc
lr!cr!!v 8 luvcr cr R\l !n
8rd nhusc c lcud- buscd
hundcvcr nrcccdurc
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Service Handover IE:
Handover to GSM should
not be performed
information
GSM 1.
2. WCDMA
3. GSM
WCDMA 1.
2. WCDMA
3. GSM
WCDMA macro 1. WCDMA macro layer
2. WCDMA
3. GSM
WCDMA micro 1. WCDMA micro layer
2. WCDMA
3. GSM
Not defined 1.
2. WCDMA
3. GSM
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Service Handover IE:
Handover to GSM should be
performed
information
GSM 1. GSM
2. GSM
3. WCDMA
WCDMA 1. GSM
2. GSM
3. WCDMA
WCDMA macro 1. GSM
2. WCDMA macro layer
3. WCDMA
WCDMA micro 1. GSM
2. WCDMA micro layer
3. WCDMA
Not defined 1. GSM
2. GSM
3. WCDMA
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Example
Target
SLHOUseInteractivePSNRTData = Load and
Service based HO
SLHOprofileInteractivePSNRTdata = WCDMA
micro layer
Fixed: Service Handover IE: Handover to GSM
should not be performed
SLHOUseInteractivePSRTData = Load and
Service based HO
SLHOprofileInteractivePSRTdata = WCDMA
micro layer
Fixed: Service Handover IE: Handover to GSM
should not be performed
SLHOUseConvCSSpeech = Load based HO
SLHOprofileConvCSspeech= WCDMA micro
layer
Service Handover IE: Handover to GSM should
be performed
1. WCDMA micro
layer
2. WCDMA
3. GSM
1. WCDMA macro
layer
2. WCDMA
3. GSM
1. GSM
2. GSM
3. WCDMA
Ccmb!ncd
scrv!cc
nr!cr!!v
!!s!
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Example
"CDM\
Mucrc
"CDM\
M!crc
GSM
lS
NRT
lS
RT
\M
R
1. WCDMA micro
layer
2. WCDMA
3. GSM
1. WCDMA macro
layer
2. WCDMA
3. GSM
1. GSM
2. GSM
3. WCDMA
!
s!
!
s!
?
nd
) ! Scrv!cc buscd HO
) ? lcud buscd HO
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Example
"CDM\
Mucrc
"CDM\
M!crc
GSM
lS
NRT
lS
RT
\M
R
1. WCDMA micro
layer
2. WCDMA
3. GSM
1. WCDMA macro
layer
2. WCDMA
3. GSM
1. GSM
2. GSM
3. WCDMA
!
s!
8
rd
8
rd
/ l!cckcd Nc! uvu!!ub!c
) ! Scrv!cc buscd HO
) ? lcud buscd HO
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load based HO
Service based HO
Handover decision
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load of the target WCDMA cell
The RNC checks the load of the target WCDMA cell before a service-
based or load-based inter-frequency handover
Received from the target cell as a broadcast sent inside the RNC
AdjiPenaltyTimeNCHO
ll n lo in the SLHO procedure

N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load measurements under DRNC
RNC does not have the load-based handover state status information
from cells under DRNC
The SRNC initiates common load measurements over Iur to certain
DRNC's cells for the service and load-based handover
Parameter AdjiComLoadMeasDRNCCellNCHO (ADJI) controls the
common load measurement of an inter-frequency neighbour cell that
is controlled by the DRNC
Event A (load is over threshold) and Event B (load is below
threshold)
Controlled by NCHOThrComLoadMeasDRNCCel,
NCHOHystComLoadMeasDRNCCell,
NCHOFiltercoeffComLoadMeasDRNCCell
Parameter SLHOHandlingOfCellLoadMeasNotAct defines whether a cell
that does not have active load measurement is blocked in the service
and load-based handover procedure
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load measurements under DRNC
AdjiComLoadMeasDRNCCellNCHO (ADJI)
NCHOThrComLoadMeasDRNCCel (RNC)
NCHOHystComLoadMeasDRNCCell (RNC)
NCHOFiltercoeffComLoadMeasDRNCCell (RNC)
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Congested target WCDMA or GSM cell
The exact load of the target GSM/GPRS cell is not checked by the
source RNC in case of a service or load -based inter-RAT handover
If any handover to GSM cell has failed the service and load-based
handovers are prevented during a certain period
In WCDMA inter-frequency cells the penalty is set if a handover of any

type (quality, coverage, etc.) fails to reserve resources from the
target cell
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load based HO
Service based HO
Handover decision
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Service and load-based inter-frequency and inter-RAT handover
measurements are similar to the ones used in coverage and quality-
based handovers
Service and load-based inter-frequency handovers are performed only

for RRC connections that are in the CELL_DCH state
In case of a RT connection or a RT/NRT multiservice connection, normal

inter-RAT measurements are performed
Whether the inter-frequency measurements of the NRT connection

using the compressed mode are allowed to be performed or not, is
controlled with the RNP parameter SLHOCmAllowedNRT (RNC)
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Measurement parameters
Measurement parameters of the service and load-based handover are
similar to the ones used in coverage and quality -based handovers
The minimum time between successful service or load -based

handovers can be limited with parameters InterFreqMinSLHOInterval
(FMCI) and GsmMinSLHOInterval (FMCG)
Return of the service-based or load-based handover back to GSM is
disabled
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Inter-frequency and inter-RAT neighbour cell lists
Handover to GSM
Handover to WCDMA macro cell: The cells of the found macro layer(s)
form the neighbour cell list used in measurements
Handover to WCDMA micro cell: The cells of the found micro layer(s)
form the neighbour cell list used in measurements
Handover to WCDMA: The inter-frequency neighbour cell list used is
the same as in a coverage- or quality-reason handover
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Inter-frequency and inter-RAT neighbour cell lists
When more than one frequency to be measured
If the RNC is not able to define the measurement order by using the
parameters, it measures least-loaded frequencies first
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load based HO
Service based HO
Handover decision
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load and service-based inter-frequency handover
The measurement results of the best neighbour cell must satisfy the
following equations before the service and load-based inter-frequency
handover is possible
(n) is the best neighbour cell accordint to EcNo

The sliding averaging window is controlled with the RNP parameter
InterFreqMeasAveragingWindow
RNC ranks the potential target cells according to the priority levels
AdjiPrioritySLHO (HOPI), if several neighbour cells meet the equations
at the same time
) u ( ) > \\l_RSCl_NClll n \d(!M!nRscnNCHO ( ) n + ( , mux O \d(!TxlrDlCH( ) ) n l_M\\

) b
) c ( ) > \\l_lcNc_NClll n \d(!M!nlcNcNCHO ( ) n
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load and service-based inter-frequency handover
The RNC checks if the cells which are blocked in the service and load-
based handover procedure are outside the soft handover range of the
selected best target cell
The following equation has to be true until a service and load-based

handover to the best neighbour cell is possible:
The RNP parameter AdjiEcNoOffsetNCHO(target) (ADJI) defines the

offset for the procedure to ensure that the UE does not perform an
immediate soft handover to a blocked cell in the new frequency layer
( ) - \\l_lcNc_NClll !urc! \d(!lcNcOsc!NCHO ( ) > ( ) !urc! \\l_lcNc_NClll b!cckcd
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load and service-based inter-RAT handover
The measurement results of the best neighbour cell must satisfy the following
equations before the service and load-based inter-RAT handover is possible
(n) is the best neighbour cell accordint to EcNo

The sliding averaging window is controlled with the RNP parameter
GSMMeasAveWindow
The RNC performs the inter-RAT handover to the best GSM neighbour (target)
cell as soon as the best GSM neighbour cell meets the required radio link
properties
RNC ranks the potential target cells according to the priority levels
AdjgPrioritySLHO (HOPG), if several neighbour GSM cells meet the equation at
the same time
BSIC is always verified for CS voice services
Mobile station can synchronise to the GSM cell before the handover
Verify the identification if two or more neighbour GSM cells have the same BCCH
Frequency
For PS services BSIC is verified only if multiple neighbours with same BCCH
frequency
( ) > \\l_R\ll\_NCc!! n \d(M!nRxlcvNCHO ( ) + n m ( , ux O \d(TxlrMuxTCH ( ) - ) n l_mux
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Load based HO
Service based HO
Handover decision
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Repetitive load and service-based handover
attempts
Repetitive load-based or service-based handover attempts of a RRC
connection are restricted
If the load-based or service-based HO/NCCR attempt is unsuccessful,
the next load- or service-based HO/NCCR attempt is possible after a
certain period
Parameters InterFreqMinSLHOInterval (FMCI) and GsmMinSLHOInterval

(FMCG) are used to prevent repetitive handovers between cells
during one RRC connection
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Handover Control
Handover Types
SRNS Relocation
GSM ISHO
Appendix
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Traffic Balancing
Traffic balancing with Call setup control or during hard HO to another
frequency
!
!
!
!
!
!
?
?
?
?
!
!
!
!
H!h cunuc!!v
s!!c
S!ur! cu!!
cn ?
Ccvcruc
rcuscn
Hundcvcr
H!h cunuc!!v "CDM\
s!!cs
cun bc u!!!!zcd
H!h cunuc!!v "CDM\
s!!cs
cun bc u!!!!zcd
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Directed RRC Connection Setup
If either the UL or DL load of the Source cell exceed a certain threshold
value, the DRRC Connection setup process is initiated.
PrxTarget DRRCprxOffset
PtxTarget DRRCptxOffset
The load of the current cell (UL/DL) is compared with the load of other
cells in same sector to find out cell having less load:
DRRCprxMargin
DRRCptxMargin
Decision of Directed RRC connection setup is done by Admission
Control in RNC
Directed RRC connection setup is used for balancing the load (UL/DL)
between cells which belong to same sector
Same sector has cells with equal primary CPICH power, PtxTarget,
PtxOffset, PrxTarget and PrxOffset
values
Parameter Sector Identifier tells to which sector cell belongs to
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Site Sector Cell in 3G

!
+
+
!
!
!
+
+
?
?
?
! ?
: luch "CDM\ cc!! ccns!!s c
( ) lcud Ccn!rc! lC
( ) \dm!ss!cn Ccn!rc! \C
( ) / luckc! Schcdu!cr lS HSDl\
. 8 cc!!s ccvcr!n 8 scc!crs
. G cc!!s ccvcr!n 8 scc!crs
Scc!cr !
Scc!cr ?
Scc!cr 8
Cc!! !
Cc!! ? Cc!! 8
Scc!cr !s mcun! us ccrunh!cu! ccvcruc urcu
S!!c \
( , ) . ! s!!c Ncdcl "lTS !!h 8 cc!!s
- h!h cunuc!!v s!!c S!!c l
( , ) . ! s!!c Ncdcl "lTS !!h G cc!!s
Cc!! !
Cc!! ?
Cc!! 8
Cc!! 4
Cc!! 5
Cc!! G
Scc!cr 8
Scc!cr ?
Scc!cr !
N - ?OOG Nck!u
: R\CH RRC Ccnncc!!cn Sc!un Rcqucs!
Cc!!_?
rcqucncv ?
Cc!!_!
rcqucncv !
: l\CH RRC Ccnncc!!cn Sc!un
: DCCH RRC Ccnncc!!cn Sc!un Ccmn!c!c
Cc!!_! !cud > + Cc!!_? !cud !cud !hrcshc!d
-> DRRC uc!!vu!cd
. !nc! |\RlCN c !urc! cc!!
Directed RRC Connection Setup - Signalling
N - ?OOG Nck!u
Directed RRC Connection Setup
lcud c Scurcc
cc!!
lcud c Turc!
cc!!
O
%
% GO
NcDRRC
u!!ccd
( ) lrxTurc! 4 dl
DRRCnrxOsc!(- ) ! dl
DRRCn!xOsc!(- ) 8 dl
% 5O
% O
% GO
DRRCnrxMur!n(- . O 5
) dl
DRRCn!xMur!n(- ?
) dl
DRRC
NcDRRC
nccdcd
Currcn!Cc!!lrxTc!u!
Currcn!Cc!!l!xTc!u!
( ) lrxTurc! 4 dl
( ) Cc!!lrxTc!u! n
( ) Cc!!l!xTc!u! n
DRRC
DRRC ccnncc!!cn
sc!un
nc
nc
DRRC ccnncc!!cn sc!un !c !hc !urc! cc!! ! bc!h c !hc c!!c!n cquu!!cns
: urc u!!!!cd
( ) > ( ) Currcn!Cc!!lrxTc!u! scurcc cc!! Cc!!lrxTc!u! n DRRCnrxMur!n ( dcuu!!
- . ) O 5 dl
( ) > ( ) Currcn!Cc!!l!xTc!u! scurcc cc!! Cc!!l!xTc!u! n DRRCn!xMur!n ( dcuu!!
- ). ? dl
N - ?OOG Nck!u
ANNEX RAN04 RAS05.1
RAS05
RAS05.1

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N - ?OOG Nck!

At the end of the module you will be able to:

Inter-Frequency & Inter-System Handover

Overview of HSDPA mobility

Sumc nccr !cvc!s !n usc cr u!! sc! Hundcvcr brunchcs

( ) Mcb!!c lvu!uu!cd Hundcvcr MlHO

WCDMA F1 WCDMA F1 WCDMA F1

Inter-Frequency & Inter-System Handover

Overview HSDPA mobility

Primary scrambling code for neighbor cell specified using

Total: max. 111 in RNC database

Limitation due to specifications of SIB11/12 size

Inter-Frequency & Inter-System Handover

Overview HSDPA mobility

Handover decision performed by RNC based on measurements and

(i) best CPICH Ec/Io in the AS, or

Event 1A triggered when CPCIH3 E

Triggering Condition: Monitored Set cells

Reporting Range Constant AdditionWindow / 4 dB

Cells forbidden to affect Reporting range: AdjsDERR / Enable

Time to trigger: AdditionTime/ 0 = 0 ms

Reporting deactivation threshold: MaxActiveSetSize = 3

Amount of reporting: infinity

Reporting interval: AdditionReportingInterval/ O.5 s

Event 1B triggered when CPICH3 E

Reporting range = Strongest CPICH in AS - DropWindow (FMCS) (point 2)

Time-to-trigger period set using DropTime (FMCS) (point 3)

UE sends RNC measurement report on expiry of DropTime to remove Ncell

Reporting cell Status: 3 active cells

Triggering Condition: Active cells

Reporting Range Constant: DropWindow / 4 dB

Cells forbidden to affect Reporting range AdjsDERR / Enable

Time to trigger: DropTime / 320 ms

Event 1C triggered when CPICH4 E

Reporting criteria of event 1C in 25.331/RRC Measurement Control :

Reporting cell Status: All active cells + 2 monitored cells.

Time to trigger: ReplacementTime / 0 = 0 ms

Replacement activation threshold : MaxActiveSetSize / 3

Amount of reporting: infinity

Reporting interval: ReplacementReportingInterval / 0.5s

Individual Ncell Offset

Forbidding Neighbour Cells from Reporting Range

default: 1174 chips, range:1152 ... 1280 chips, step 1 chip

Inter-Frequency & Inter-System Handover

Overview HSDPA mobility

HHcMur!nlcr\vclcNc ( ) = HOlS uvcruc l

HHOMur!nlcuklcNc ( ) = HOlS ncuk l

AveEcNoDownlink + ReleaseMarginForAveEcNo(n) < AvEcNoNcell(n)

EcNoDownlink + ReleaseMarginPeakEcNo(n) < EcNoNcell(n)

Inter-Frequency & Inter-System Handover

Overview HSDPA mobility

An inter-RNC Hard Handover can be associated to the SRNS relocation,

SRNC Relocation is initiated in the

Because there is no Iur interface, combined

Instead of Relocation Commit via Iur, the

Inter-Frequency & Inter-System Handover

Overview HSDPA mobility

BSIC verification required in case neighbour list includes multiple

Inter-Frequency & Inter-System Handover:

Overview HSDPA mobility

Event 1F (A primary CPICH falls below an absolute threshold) parameters:

RNC starts IF/IS measurements based on UL outer-loop power control reports

Periodic report, every RNC: ULQualDetRepThreshold seconds, while BLER/BLER