FTTP PON - The Critical Components and Their Impact on the Development of International Standards By Dr.

Andre Girard Co-Chair of TIA FO-4.3 Presented at FO-4.3.1 and FO-4.3

2004

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Connector Types

2004

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FTTP PON - The Critical Components

ONT ATM Protocol/TDMA OLT

WWDM Tx Coupler 1490nm

Rx
1310nm

Cable Optical Fiber

Splitter

Video

Tx Optical Amplifier
1550nm 1550nm Rx 1490nmRx 1310nm Tx

2004

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PON Passive Optical Components

Splitter and Wide WDM Coupler
Broad operating wavelength range
1310-nm; 1260-1360 nm upstream region 1490-nm; 1480-1510 nm downstream region 1550-nm; 1550-1560 nm downstream region WWDM Coupler
1490 nm 1550 nm 1310 nm

Bidirectional transmissions Low insertion loss and high uniformity

Splitter very lossy at high port count

Splitter

Small packaging High reliability Support network survivability and protection policy
2004 All Rights Reserved 4

PON Passive Optical Components

Classes of WDM Components
Based on channel spacing

ITU-T (Rec. G.671)/IEC (62074-1)

Wide WDM 50 nm Coarse WDM <50 nm Dense WDM 1000 GHz
IEC = International Electrotechnical Commission ITU-T = International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication Standardization Sector Rec. G.671 Transmission characteristics of optical components and subsystems IEC 62074-1: Fibre optic WDM devicesPart 1: Generic specification
2004 All Rights Reserved 5

Passive Optical Components

Technology Breakdown
WWDM Coupler

Thin Films Gratings Bulk Optical Fiber Bragg Fiber-Based Fused Biconic Taper coupler Waveguides/PLC

1490 nm 1550 nm 1310 nm

Splitter

2004

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Passive Component Technologies

Thin-Film Filters (TFF)
Reflected Spectrum
Band Reject

Transmitted Spectrum
Specific Wavelength/Band Bandpass shape

Incident Spectrum

Dielectric Coatings
Wavelength Selective

Substrate Material

2004

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Thin Film Filters

3-Port WWDM Coupler
Typical 3-Port Device
IN EXPRESS OUT

1550 nm

Possible 3-Port PON Device

< 1.0 dB

1310 nm

ONT
< 1.0 dB

OLT
1490 nm
2004 All Rights Reserved 8

Passive Component Technologies

Bulk Diffraction Gratings
Possible PON WWDM Coupler ONT
Short Wavelengths Reflected Light 1310 nm 1490 nm

Long Wavelengths Incident Light 1550 nm

OLT
2004 All Rights Reserved 9

Passive Component Technologies

Fiber Bragg Gratings

P Input Spectrum P Reflected Spectrum

Bg ra g

P Output Spectrum

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Passive Component Technologies

Fiber Bragg Gratings Possible PON WWDM Coupler
Wide WDM Coupler
In Out Out (Pass Port)

13
Drop Reflect Port

Ba g rg

FBG

3 Optical 2 Circulator 1
Add

2004

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Passive Component Technologies

PON WWDM Coupler Technology comparison
Technology TFF BDG FBG Advantages Drawbacks
Lossy Connections Only reflective Connections Polarization sensitive Very lossy in transmission Complex design Dispersion sensitive

Known for years Low cost Reflective or transmissive Known for years Very low loss Tuneability Fiber-based Tuneability

2004

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PON Passive Optical Components

Splitter Technology
Fused Biconic Taper (FBT) Fiber Input 2
Fused Biconic Taper

Output

= kn 3

2004

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PON Passive Optical Components

Splitter Technology
Planar Waveguide
Core Cladding Si Substrate Mask Core Cladding Si Substrate Etching Core Cladding Si Substrate Cladding Core Cladding Si Substrate

PLC = Planar Lightwave Circuit Optical circuit on a silicon wafer Made using tools and techniques Based on semiconductor industry

2004

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Passive Component Technologies

PON Splitter Technology comparison
Technology FBTF PLC Advantages Drawbacks
Lossy Connections Only reflective Connections Polarization sensitive Very lossy in transmission Complex design Dispersion sensitive

Known for years Low cost Reflective or transmissive Known for years Very low loss Tuneability Fiber-based Tuneability

2004

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Passive Component Technologies

PON Splitter - Performances

2004

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International Standards
Passive Optical Components - Incomplete
ITU-T SG15 Recommendations
G.671 Transmission characteristics of optical components and subsystems

IEC SC86B on Passive Components

61753-082-2: Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components performance standardPart 082-2: Non connectorized single mode fibre optic pigtailed 1.31/1.55 m WDM devices for category C Controlled environment 62074-1: Fibre optic WDM devicesPart 1: Generic specification 61300-3-7: Basic test and measurement proceduresPart 3-7: Examinations and measurements - Wavelength dependence of attenuation and return loss

Telcordia
GR-1209 Generic Requirements for Fiber Optic Branching Components GR-1221 Generic Reliability Assurance Requirements for Fiber Optic Branching Components
2004 All Rights Reserved 17

International Standards
Wavelength-selective branching device
IEC 62074-1 and ITU-T G.671
Attenuation (Transfer Coefficients) Operating Wavelength Range Insertion Loss/Deviation Splitter X dB-Bandwidth Ripple Channel Non-Uniformity

Return Loss (band dependence) Chromatic Dispersion (Group Delay) PDL, PDCW, PDBW, PDI Isolation Wavelength/Range Isolation (Adjacent/NonAdjacent Channel) Maximum Isolation PDCW = Polarization Dependent Center Wavelength PDBW = Polarization Dependent Bandwidth (Adjacent Channel)
PDI = Polarization Dependent Isolation PDL = Polarization Dependent Loss

Free Spectral Range (FSR) WWDM Coupler Directivity 1490 nm

1550 Channel Response Time nm 1310 nm
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Spectral Characterization

The Measurement Methods

Broadband Source (BBS) - OSA

BBS

DUT

BBS - Interferometer-based OSA (Wavemeter) Tunable Laser Source (TLS) - OSA Fixed set of wavelengths - Optical Power Meter (OPM)

1xN Switch

OSA
Wavemeter

TLS

TLS OPM Swept TLS - OPM

OSA
1470 nm 1490 nm 1510 nm 1550 nm 1570 nm 1590 nm

TLS

OPM

DUT

DUT

1530 nm

Switc h or Coupl er

OPM

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1610 nm

OPM