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Intraoral Radiography
Radiographs are two-dimensional representations of objects that occupy three dimensions. Facial, central and lingual features are superimposed. All landmarks are NOT clearly demonstrated on radiographs from all individuals.
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Lamina dura
"
radiopaque
radiopaque
radiopaque radiolucent
radiolucent radiopaque
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Pulp space
"
Alveolar bone
"
Alveolar bone Lamina dura pdl space Pulp space Cementoenamel junction Dentin-enamel junction Dentin Enamel
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ZYGOMATIC BONE
Anatomic Landmarks
MAXILLA
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Nasal septum
"
radiolucent
Inferior concha
"
Incisive canal
"
radiopaque
radiolucent
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William C. Scarfe
William C. Scarfe
William C. Scarfe
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Maxillary Anterior
Nasal septum Nasal passage Anterior nasal spine Premaxillary suture
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Anterior Maxilla
Incisive fossa
Premaxillary suture
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Anterior Maxilla
Anterior nasal spine Incisive fossa Lamina dura Premaxillary suture Periodontal ligament space Pulp
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Nasal passage Nasal septum Anterior nasal spine Soft tissue shadow of nose Premaxillary suture Dental caries
Image(s) courtesy Dr. Allan G. Farman
Nasal passage
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intact. Same Lingual Opposite Buccal The incisive fossa being lingually situated moves on the resulting image in the same direction as the movement of the tubehead.
Image(s) courtesy Dr. Allan G. Farman
SLOB Rule
"
"
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Antral / Inverted Y
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William C. Scarfe
Canine fossa
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William C. Scarfe
Inverted Y
Lateral wall of nasal fossa Maxillary sinus Anterior wall of maxillary sinus
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Inverted Y
Lateral wall of nasal fossa
Inverted Y Locule in maxillary sinus: note tooth periodontal ligament space intact Septum in maxillary sinus Bridge unit in porcelain fused to metal Radiolucent anterior filling material William C. Scarfe
Maxillary sinus
"
radiolucent
radiopaque
radiopaque radiolucent
Nutrient canals
"
Nasolabial fold
William C. Scarfe
William C. Scarfe
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Maxillary molar region showing septum in sinus Zygomatic process of maxilla Soft tissue over tuberosity Septum in sinus
st 1
nd 2
Maxillary sinus
"
U- shaped radiopaque
Nutrient canals
"
Zygomatic arch/zygoma
"
Less commonly:
"
"
Zygomatic bone Zygomatic Arch Zygomatic process of maxilla Zygomatic process (temporal bone)
William C. Scarfe
William C. Scarfe
Pterygoid hamulus
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Zygomatic process of the maxilla Zygomatic arch shadow Floor of maxillary sinus Maxillary tuberosity
Image(s) courtesy Dr. Allan G. Farman
William C. Scarfe
William C. Scarfe
Nutrient canal
nd 2
rd /3
radiopaque radiopaque)
Pterygoid hamulus
"
Maxillary tuberosity
"
Pterygoid notch
"
radiopaque
radiopaque
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rd 3
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Maxillary tuberosity
Maxillary sinus
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Tuberosity
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Pterygoid hamulus
Air space
Image(s) courtesy Dr. Allan G. Farman
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Genial tubercles
"
Mental ridges
"
Nutrient canals
"
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Facial
Lingual
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Soft tissue shadow of lower lip Mental ridge Lingual foramen Cortical plate of lower border of mandible Genial tubercles
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Nutrient canals
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Nutrient canals
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Embossed dot
Lingual foramen
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Mandibular tori
radiopaque radiolucent
Mandibular canal
"
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William C. Scarfe
Mental foramen
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Mental foramen
Mandibular canal
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Mental foramen
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Mylohyoid ridge
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radiolucent
Submandibular fossa
"
radiolucent
radiopaque
radiopaque
radiopaque
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Mandibular canal
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Mandibular canal
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Submandibular fossa
Image(s) courtesy Dr. Allan G. Farman
William C. Scarfe
William C. Scarfe
Anatomical Variations
Mandibular torus. Palatal torus. High vs. low mandibular canal. Double mandibular canals.* Stafnes bone cavity (static bone cyst).*
William C. Scarfe
William C. Scarfe
William C. Scarfe
Maxillary torus
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Maxillary torus
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Maxillary torus
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Maxillary torus
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