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INDUSTRIAL SAFETY
O Industrial safety relates with the safety
measures due to the accidents occurring in an
industry.
O Accident- unplanned and uncontrolled event
AUSES OF A IDENTS
O Technical causes
O Personnel causes

O Psychological causes

O Non- observance of safety rules

O Miscellaneous causes
PREVENTION OF A IDENTS
O Objectives :
1. Improve the image of the organization
2. Ensure compliance with legal requirements
3. Aid in maintaining or increasing productivity
4. Reduce loss of time and inconvenience
5. Increase the confidence of employees in their
management and remove the fear of injury
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
O Plant safety inspection
O Job safety analysis

O Accident investigation

O The management system

O ontrolling environment causes

O ontrolling behavioristic causes


STATUTORY SAFETY INSPE TION
O Provisions:

1. Machines should be properly fenced


2. Young person are not to be employed on
dangerous machines
3. Prohibition of employment of women and
children near cotton openers
4. All flooring, steps, stairs, passages and
gangways should be of sound construction and
where necessary, provided with hand rails
5. Precautions in case of fire
6. Special care is to be taken for protection of eyes
7. No person is to be employed in any factory to lift,
carry or move any load so heavy as likely to cause
him injury
mAZARDOUS mEMI AL STORAGE,
mANDLING AND TRANSPORTATION

 Various safety measures in hazardous chemical


storage:
Mark all containers
Read the label before using
Keep chemicals in cool ad dry place
Avoid storage in the open sun
Prohibit eating, drinking and smoking in areas
where hazardous chemicals are present
Store cylinders upright with the caps and chain
them etc.
SAFETY WmOSE RESPONSIBILITY
O Under the Factories Act, 1948, the responsibility for
safety matters is placed squarely on the shoulders of the
occupier. Safety is thus the primarily the responsibility of
the management.
O Safety audit

it is the methodical in depth examination of all or part of


total operating system with relevance to safety. Safety
audit as a technique has a key role in monitoring
implementation.
O Safety officer

Factories Act provides for the appointment of a safety officer


in every factory: (i) wherein 1,000 or more workers are
ordinarily employed; or (ii) wherein, in the opinion of the
state govt., any manufacturing process or operation is
carried on, which operation involves in any risk or health
hazard.
INDUSTRIAL mEALTm
 ILO/WmO ommittee on Organizational mealth:

Promotion and maintenance of physical, mental and social


well being of workers
Prevention among workers of ill- health caused by the
working condition.
Protection of workers in their employment from risk
resulting from factors adverse to health
Placing and maintenance of the workers in an occupational
environment adapted to his physical, psychological
equipment
STATUTORY mEALTm PROVISIONS
O The factories act,1948 -health measures to be adopted
by the occupier of a factory:

leanliness S.11
Disposal of wastes and effluents S.12
Ventilation and temperature S. 13
Dust and fumes S.14
Artificial humidification S.15
Overcrowding S.16
Lighting S.17
Drinking water S.18
Latrines and urinals S.19
Spittoons S.20
INDUSTRIAL MEDI AL OFFI ER
O Full time/ Part time.
O Duties:

Examine recruitment and advise in selection.


Immediate medical treatment and surgical emergencies
and periodical examinations.
Advice management regarding factory hygiene, the
occurrence of risk hazards etc.
To impart health education to the employees.
Medically supervise the canteens to ensure cleanliness
good quality food.
INDUSTRIAL mYGIENE
O ´The science of health and embraces all factors
which contribute to healthful livingµ

R Proper ventilation
R Most careful air- conditioning and lighting.
R Spacious working environment.
R leanliness.
PERSONNEL mYGIENE
O Eating and Drinking
O Smoking

O Skin hygiene

O Working lothes
R Launder working clothes

O hanging Rooms
O UPATONAL mAZARDS
O Physical mazards:
meat and old
Light
Noise and vibration
UV rays
 hemical mazards
 Biological mazards
 Mechanical mazards
 Psychological hazards
O UPATIONAL DISEASES

O Lead poisoning- pipe makers, painters

O Phosphorous poisoning- yellow phosphorous, jaw

O Mercury poisoning- laboratory manufacturers

O Anthrax-animals

O Silicosis-inhaling dust containing silica, potteries,


metal grindings,ceramics

O oal Miner·s Pneumoconiosis- coal mines


INDUSTRIAL mYGIENE«..
O Industrial mygiene department
R Thermal environment, which may cause heat
exhaustion
R migh And Low Atmospheric Pressure- drivers, tunnel
workers.
R Mechanical vibration
R Noise pollution- auditory damage and nervous
R Inhalation of contaminated air
SO IAL SE URITY

O Programme of protection provided by society


against the contingencies of modern life.

O It is a dynamic concept, the contents of which


change with social, economic and political system
obtaining in a given country at a given time.
AIMS AND OBJE TIVES
O To protect the poor and vulnerable and to ensure
they have an acceptable standard of living.
O All social security measures are three fold:
compensation, restoration and prevention.
O To prevent or relief from poverty.

O To promote the whole quality of life.


SO IAL ASSISTAN E
O The principal features of social assistance:
1. The whole cost of the programme is met by the
state and local units of the govt.
2. Benefits are paid as of legal right in prescribed
categories of need
3. In assessing need, a person·s other income and
resources are taken to account ;certain
resources, such as a reasonable level of personal
savings are disregarded
4. The benefit grant is designed to bring a person·s
total income up to a community .
SO IAL INSURAN E
O Social insurance is financed by contributions
which are normally shares between employers
and workers, with perhaps, state participation.
O Participation is compulsory

O ontributions are accumulated in special funds

O Surplus funds are not needed to pay current


benefits are invested to earn further income
O A persons right to benefit is secured by his
contributions
FINAN ING AND SO IAL SE URITY
S mEMES

O The cost of a social security scheme is the amount


needed to pay for the benefits and for the
expenses of administration.
O The basic problem of financing is how toraise the
necessary resources whether from taxation or
from contribution.
O Short term and long term benefits are payable
under different social security problems.
SO IAL SE URITY AND TmE NATIONAL
E ONOMY

O Social security is regarded as a crucial element in


industrialization, economic development and
growth.
O A social security benefits scheme is essentially
personal service to cover persons and their
dependants, and its success is measured
primarily in those terms.

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