m
 

mm
m





 m


 
  

m  
V Formado por dos largueros y varios travesaños.
V Hechos de acero.
V Dan la suficiente resistencia para soportar esfuerzos,
deformaciones y vibraciones.
V Tiene unos puntos de anclaje donde se fijan los demás
componentes y sistemas del automóvil.
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
mm

V Ês aquella en la que forma parte de su estructura el bastidor.

V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
 

V Ês el suministrador de energía.
V Ês de combustión interna.
V Compuesto por gran cantidad de piezas metálicas que
giran o se deslizan entre si.
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
  
  
m
  

MOTOR

GNV
GASOLINA DIESEL
Gas Natural Vehicular
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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V _______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
 
V _______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________





V _______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
  
  
  m  m 
MOTOR

OPU TO
I ³V´ O
BOX R
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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  m  
m 
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________

 



 
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
 

V Ês un dispositivo de desacoplamiento mediante un
disco de fricción, mandado por un pedal.
V Cuando se acciona el pedal, libera la presión al disco y
queda interrumpida la transmisión.
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
mm
 

 m m

V nida al motor con la interposición del embrague.
V Ês un mecanismo que modifica, con mando manual o
automático, el movimiento que llega a las ruedas.
V Consiste en una serie de engranajes que proporcionan
las diferentes velocidades o marchas.
V Las marchas cortas proporcionan poca velocidad pero
más fuerza; las largas, más velocidad pero menos
fuerza.
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________


!
"#$

V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________

   m 
MANUAL O MECANICA AUTOMATICA
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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V _______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
 
mm
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
 
!



V Ês un eje o tubo que transmite el movimiento de la caja de

cambios al eje trasero o a las ruedas delanteras.
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
 Œ


 
 


  
   
V Mirve para evitar que los movimientos e irregularidades del
terreno, se transmitan a la carrocería.

MUMP MIO

RI I Mc. PH RMO I P I T
   
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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V _______________________________________________
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V _______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
  
mm
V Ês la encargada de orientar las ruedas delanteras para
que el vehículo siga la trayectoria prevista.
V Êl mando lo ejerce el conductor mediante el volante.
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
 ÷irección por caja
÷irección hidráulica

÷irección por cremallera

  
%
V Êl sistema de frenos permite reducir la velocidad del
vehículo o detenerlo, a voluntad del conductor, en un
tiempo y espacio mínimos.

FRÊ

DÊ
DÊ DIMC

TAMB
R
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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%
V _______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
% m
V _______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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%

V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
 
 mm
V ?ermite numerosas y variadas funciones.
V La energía eléctrica producida por el alternador es
acumulada por la batería, y su vez suministrada a los
diferentes componentes y/o dispositivos.
V Mu función principal es la de alimentar al sistema de
encendido para generar la chispa para el
funcionamiento del motor.
MIMTÊMA
ÊLÊCTRIC

BATÊRIA Y
ARRA Ê ALMBRAD

CARGA
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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&m
V _______________________________________________
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'
V _______________________________________________
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&
V _______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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 º


 
  

  
m
V ?ara que se produzca la explosión de la mezcla en el
interior de la cámara de combustión hace falta un
procedimiento eléctrico que haga saltar una chispa
entre dos electrodos (bujía) para encender
súbitamente la mezcla.

C
Ê CI
AL
(?LATI
)
Ê CÊ DID

ÊLÊCTRÓ IC

  
m
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
 m
  
m
BOBI

DIS IBUIDO

BUJI
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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& m
V _______________________________________________
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?URIFICADOR DE AIRE FILTRO DE AIRE
V _______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
  
 
m
m
  
V Ês el sistema por el cual llega el combustible desde el
tanque hasta el carburador o los inyectores.
V Compuesto por:
Deposito o tanque de combustible.
Caños o conductos.
Bomba de combustible (eléctrica o mecánica).
Filtro de combustible.
Carburador o inyectores.
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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m
m
  (
)
" *
V _______________________________________________
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 BOMB M m
Im

m RBUR ÷OR

I TRO ÷ MO I

V _______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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m
m
  (!+,!*
V _______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
 BOMB XTR

I
mTORM

BOMB MUMR IB 
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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m
m
  ( *
V _______________________________________________
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 BOMB
ROT TIV

BOMB I
 

I
mTOR
V _______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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 mm
V Tiene por objeto hacer tolerable el roce entre las
superficies en contacto y consiste en interponer entre
las superficies una superficie de aceite sobre la que se
deslizan.
V Mi la capa es delgada, o no existe, se produce un
desgaste de las piezas.
V La lubricación de los motores tiene por objeto:
Lubricar.
Refrigerar.
Limpiar.
  
 mm
FILTRO DE ACEITE DIVERSOS ACEITES
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
  
%m
V Ês capaz de eliminar el calor generado por el
funcionamiento del motor.
V La elevación excesiva de la temperatura, daría lugar al
deterioro y a la consecuente falta de lubricación, al
perder el aceite sus propiedades.

?
R AGA

LBRICACI

?
R AIRÊ
  
%m

TA?A DE RADIADOR DE?O ITO DE EX?A IO
V _______________________________________________
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%m

V _______________________________________________
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 -


m & m

  
    
 


V No desatienda sus mensajes.

Me afirma que una imagen vale más que mil palabras. Aplicando
esta frase al automóvil, podríamos decir que una luz en el tablero
o un comportamiento anormal en los marcadores envía una serie
de mensajes que no se deben pasar por alto.
 m m
uz de batería

uz de frenos BM

uz de servicio o check engine

uz de aceite o presión de aceite

uz de freno y freno de mano

V na luz roja en el tablero de instrumentos puede
significar que debes detener la marcha
inmediatamente, o que tienes tiempo de llevarlo al
mecánico.
V Aprende a detectar las señales para evitar quedar
plantada.

 

 
V aerifica la l z el e ce i . P e e
a er a falla e l s se s res el
e ce i electr ic . P e e
etectarse a ifere cia e el a ar,
er azl revisar e t s s.
P e es se ir a a . Si el
r le a es seri , la c ta ra
e e a t ática e te asar al
" atería aja" y e este cas ,
te rás la rt i a e es erar a
llevarl al taller.
V _______________________________________________
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V Luz de emisión de gases. Dependiendo
del modelo del coche, estas luces
pueden indicar una falla en los sensores
de emisión de gases o se pueden
encender después de cierto kilometraje,
(generalmente 100.000 km.). erifica los
sensores. ?uedes continuar. Mi existe
alguna falla, el coche podrá presentar
bajo rendimiento de combustible.
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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V Luz de carga de batería. Êl alternador
no está cargando. ?uedes continuar,
pero desconecta todo lo innecesario
(radio, calefacción, acondicionador de
aire) y evita apagar y encender el
motor más de lo necesario. Lleva el
coche al taller antes de quedar varado.
Cuando el alternador no carga, la
batería se consume y el coche deja de
funcionar.
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
V Meñal del "air-bag". Revisa los air-
bags. Mi existe una falla, estos no se
activarán ante un accidente. ?uedes
conducir pero es peligroso en caso de
accidente.
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________

 






V Luz de freno. Asegúrate de no tener
puesto el freno de mano mientras
conduces. erifica el nivel de líquido de
freno. Completa el nivel si está bajo y ve
al mecánico para revisión. Conducir
con la luz de freno encendida puede ser
peligroso. Moluciónalo cuanto antes.
Llama al remolque o conduce con
cuidado hasta el taller mecánico.
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
Êl sistema ABM (antibloqueo) de la luz
de freno, puede indicar bajo nivel de
líquido de freno, calibrador del freno
bloqueado o sistema ABM defectuoso.
erifica el nivel del líquido de freno y
ve al mecánico para revisar los frenos.
Llama al remolque o conduce con
cuidado hasta el taller.
V _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
V Meñal de aceite. ?uede ser que el nivel
de aceite esté bajo o que no haya
buena presión de aceite. Arrímate al
cordón y apaga el motor de inmediato.
erifica el nivel de aceite y completa el
nivel si está bajo. Ênciende el motor
nuevamente para controlar si la luz ya
se apagó. Mi aún sigue encendida, es
posible que la bomba de aceite esté
averiada y no haya presión de aceite.
Llama al remolque.
V _______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
 *


  

V _______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
 m 


V _______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
  % 
 m m 

m

BI
RU R m MBI R

V _______________________________________________
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 %
V _______________________________________________
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  '
% &

V _______________________________________________
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   '
 m mm
V _______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
  

V _______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
m -----