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 Application
of
Remote Sensing and GIS
in
Urban Microclimates
± A case study of Greater
Hyderabad
Application of Remote Sensing and
GIS in Urban Microclimates
- A case study of Greater
Hyderabad.
 
 

º Remote sensing is the acquisition of information about
an object or phenomenon, without making physical
contact with the object

º Active Remote Sensing : Camera without flash

º Passive Remote Sensing : camera with flash
 
 
 

 
$%

A system of hardware, software, and procedures designed

to support the capture, management, manipulation,
analysis, modeling, and display of spatially reference data
for solving complex planning and management problems

A computer system capable of assembling, storing,

manipulation, and displaying geographically reference
information.
 

Î A microclimate is a local zone where the
climate differ from the surrounding
area.

Î Physical state of the atmosphere close to a

very small area of the earth's surface

Î Urban microclimates are discrete regions in

the urban canopy layer (UCL) where
radiative and weather variable hold to a
consistent pattern
 A
  
  

º iolar intensity, Levels of pollution, Vegetation

cover, Wind flow direction and speed, soil type
and ieason.

º Construction material used in buildings and

other urban landscapes features

º Air and surface temperature in urban

 


 

 

Î ðuilding materials generally have lower albedo, where

brick, concrete absorb the sun¶s energy, heat up, and
reradiate that heat to the ambient air the resulting urban
÷
 
 is a kind of microclimate

Î ðuildings are taller than the most natural vegetation and

they obstruct the air flow and produces lower average
wind speeds




  
 
 

^any human activities generates internal

energy as a waste by product
e.g.

Î Power Plants
Î Industrials process
Î Transport use
Î Air- conditioned use
 !  

  
In remote sensing, Thermal infrared (TIR) sensors can obtain
quantitative information of surface temperature across the Land
use / Land cover categories.

Î Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) - 4km

Î Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) - 1 km

Î Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) ± 1 km

Î Advanced Space borne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer

(ASTER) - 90 m

Î Landsat-7 - 90m
 !  


 ð

- creates the buffer zone

 °  -combines geometric and attributes from

different layers

 
 
  two features

 i  i

-detect spatial dependence and
patterns of concentration among features.

 ^   - manage and alter layers in a data

base.
 R 
 
Î
yderabad city is a dominant center of economy,
policy, society and culture and more than five million
populations already live in.

Î The concentration of activities provides a the high

density of buildings and transport use consumes
energy and generates air and noise pollution

Î These buildings together use one±third of all the

energy consumed in the state, and two-third of all
electricity.

Î Transform of vegetation to impervious land

 

Î
yderabad is located in central Telangana and is
spread over an area of 260 square km.

Î The city lies at 17°.36' N latitude and 78°.47' E

longitude.

Î The city lies in the Deccan Plateau and rises to an

average height of 536 m above the sea level.

Î April 2007 onwards

yderabad becomes Greater

yderabad ^unicipal Corporation.

Î City is divided in to five zones ( North, iouth, Central,

East, West ) and 18 circles
i

 
 
i

 
 [

Î During the summer months, the mercury goes as high as
42°C while in winters the minimum temperature may
come down to as low as 12°C

Î ^ore than 75 per cent of the rainfall is received during the

south-west monsoon season, i.e., from June to
ieptember

Î
umidity during the monsoon season is very high
exceeding 75% from July to ieptember

Î According to India ^eteorological Department, the

summer months of April & ^ay of 2009 recorded the
warmest temperatures since 1901
 °  
 
Î To examine the ipatio-temporal variations in temperature ,rainfall
and other climatic factors

Î Investigate the mechanism underlying different microclimates in the

yderabad

Î Identify the both man-made and natural causes for urban

microclimates formation

Î Identification of urban heat island and its impact

Î To asses the impact of green cover on microclimates

Î To co-relate urban land use and microclimate

Î ipatio ± temporal analysis of microclimates in

yderabad
      

Î Urban
eat Island is associated with CðD
and Industrial area

Î Urban forestry is associated with vegetation

cool Island

Î ^icroclimates conditions vary depending on

season, weather, and time of day
^  
Un iupervised classification
iupervised Classification
XINAL OUTPUT IN ARC GIi
XINAL OUTPUT IN ARC GIi
 ð

1. Alka Gadgil, 2003 ³ Development of Urban Climatology´ ,Deccan Geographyer , Vol .41, No .1
June,pp 73-88

2). Anupma Prakash.,2000 ³Thermal Remote sensing : Concepts, Issues and applications´
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote sensing vol XXXIII, part ð1 Amsterdam

3). ðenedicte Dousset, Xrancoise Gourmelon.,2001 ³ Remote sensing application to the analysis of
urban microclimates´ IEEE/IiPRi oint work shop on remote sensing data fusion over urban
areas

4). Georgi N.J ,K.Zafiradis., 2006 ³ The impact of park tress on microclimate in the urban area´
,ipring scince and ðusiness ^edia , LCC 2006

5). Javed ^allick ,Yogesh Kant and ð.D ðharath.,2008 : ³ Estimation of land surface temparaure
over delhi using Land sat -7 ET^
´ , J.Ind.Geophy.Union Vol .12 No.3 pp 131-140

6). Kang-Tsung Chang., 2003: ³Introduction to Geographic Information iystems´, 2nd edition,
^cGraw-
ill
igher Education

7). Lillesand, Kiefer, Chipman., 2008 : ³ Remote sensing and Image interpretation´
5th edition, Wiley Publisher.

8). Qihao Weng., 2009: ³Thermal infrared remote sensing for urban climate and environmental
studies : ^ethods, applications , and trends , IEEE paper .

9). iimos Yannas., 2004: ³Adaptive ikins and microclimates´ - 21st conference on Passive and Low
energy engery architecture Eindhoven,The Netherlands, 19-12 sep 2004

10). Terry J.Williamson and Evyatar Erell .,2001: ³ Thermal Perforamnce simulation and the urban
microclimate : ^easurements and predictions´ ieventh Internationl IðPiA conference , Rio de
anerio, ðrazil , August 13-15,2001
M