SYSTEM OF WORKING

means the system adopted for the time

being for the working of trains on any
portion of a railway.

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 For safe running of trains,
different methods are adopted
to control the train movement
between two given points, say
between two stations, mainly to
ensure that not more than one
train is permitted in to the
block section at a time.

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 . In
Indian Railways, six systems of train
working are adopted and they are:

(a) The Absolute Block System

(b) The Automatic Block System
(c) The Following Trains System
(d) The Pilot Guard System
(e) The Train Staff and Ticket System
(f) The One Train Only System

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 The
Automatic
Block
System

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 What is Automatic Block?
What is the difference between automatic and absolute
system?
Where it is required ?
Why it is required?
What are the requirements ?
What are the essentials?
How it is operated?
What is the role of signaling department ?

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 What is Automatic Block?

Space intervals are secured automatically by the use

of Track Circuits or Axle Counters

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What is the difference between automatic and absolute
system?

1)The main difference between absolute block and

automatic block is that in the latter, space intervals
are secured automatically by the use of Track
Circuits or Axle Counters while in the former by
human agencies in the form of 2 Station Masters
located at the ends of a block section.

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 2) Normal aspect on signal post

Absolute Automatic

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 3) ‘A’ marker board is provided on
signal post

Automatic

Absolute

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 4)Semi auto signal post now working as
automatic signal

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 4)
Semi auto signal post now working as
manual signal

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 Where it is required ?
Section where train frequencies are more.
Examples
1) Mumbai suburban ( from Mumbai CST to Kalyan)
2) Chennai suburban
3) Calcutta

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 Why it is required?
To improve the integrity of safe traffic without time
delay.

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 What are the requirements ?
1) Continuous track circuit or axle counter
( means to prove the presence of train on track)

2) Three aspect signaling or four aspect signaling.

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 The essentials of automatic block system are –

1)The line shall be provided with Continuous Track Circuits or

Axle Counters.

Up

A station B station

Down

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 2) The line between two stations may where
required be divided into a series of section known
as "Automatic Block Signalling Section".

Up

A station B station

Down

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 Up

A station B station

Down

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 3) Entry into each block signalling section is protected by a
colour light Multiple Aspect Stop Signal.

Up

Down

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Up

A station B station

Down

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 4)Track Circuits or Axle Counters should controls the
aspects of the Signal such that:

i) It cannot display the `OFF' aspect unless the line is

clear not only up to the next stop signal but also for an
adequate distance beyond it.
{ ‘OFF' aspect can be yellow, double yellow or green. }

ii) The Signal is automatically replaced to `ON' soon after

it is passed by a Train.

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 a) Yellow with the minimum clearance of one Block
plus Overlap.

b) Double yellow with minimum clearance of two

Block stations plus Overlap

c) Green with minimum clearance of three Block

stations plus Overlap

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Up

A station B station

Down

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Up

A station B station

Down

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Up

A station B station

Down

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Up

A station B station

Down

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A station B station

Down

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A station B station

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A station B station

Down

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A station B station

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A station B station

Down

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A station B station

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Up

A station B station

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Up

A station B station

Down

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A station B station

Down

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A station B station

Down

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Up

A station B station

Down

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Up

A station B station

Down

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A station B station

Down

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A station B station

Down

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A station B station

Down

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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A station B station

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Up

A station B station

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Up

A station B station

Down

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Up

A station B station

Down

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Up

A station B station

Down

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Up

A station B station

Down

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Up

A station B station

Down

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Up

A station B station

Down

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Up

A station B station

Down

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Up

A station B station

Down

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Up

A station B station

Down

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Up

A station B station

Down
Up

A station B station

Down

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Up

A station B station

Down

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A station B station

Down

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 THE END

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Up

A station B station

Down

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The Automatic Block System

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