ECE 3144 Lecture 8

Dr. Rose Q. Hu
Electrical and Computer Engineering Department
Mississippi State University

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Reminder for Lecture 7
• Wye-Delta or Delta-Wye transformation a
a
Ra
R1 R2

R3 Rc Rb
c b
c b

R R  Rb Rc  Ra Rc R1 R2
R1  a b Ra 
Rb R1  R2  R3
R2 R3
R R  Rb Rc  Ra Rc Rb 
R2  a b R1  R2  R3
Rc
• Circuits with dependent sources
– treat the dependent source as though it were an independent source. R1 R3
Ra Rb  Rb Rc  Ra Rc Rc the dependent source to the controlling
R3  – write the equations that specifies the relationship of
R1  R2  R3
Ra

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Problem solving strategy:
Delta-Wye transform (HW 2.73)
2  Io

3  9  2 
9 
6  Io
36 V 12  4 
36 V
12  18  12 
  5 
 
 
18 

9  2 

Io 36 V
I 4A
 9   3    2   2     6 
3  2 

36 V   9  3 
Io   I 3 A
  9  3  
 2  2  
6 

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Problem solving strategy: Delta-Wye transform
• if possible, simplify the circuits first by using series-parallel combination
techniques
• Repeat step 1 until no series or parallel combination existing in the
network.
• Re-draw the shape of the circuit to the one you are more familiar with if
necessary
• Identify the Delta shape components or Wye shape components in the
simplified circuit.
• Determine where and how to do Wye-Delta or Delta-to-Wye transforms.
• Perform Wye-to-Delta (or Delta-to-Wye) transformations so that the
circuit seen is represented as a series-parallel interconnection of resistors.

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It’s your turn: how to solve the problem?
HW 2.72: Given the network, find I
6 k 6 k
I 21 V

12 k

2 k 18 k

•First if there are resistors in series or in parallel in the circuit network

given?
•If there are, how to do the simplification;
•If there are not, do you feel comfortable or familiar with the shape of
the circuit given?
•If not, redraw the circuit network.
•Identify the Delta-shape or the Wye-shape which you can do the
transformations.
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Problem solving strategy:
Circuit with dependent sources (HW
Problem 2.85 in the textbook: for the network shown, choose the values of and such that
is maximized. What is the resulting ratio , Vo /Vs ?
R S R o

+ +

V S R in V in
 V in R L V o
_ _

 Rin 
Vin    VS (voltage divider for resistors in series)
 RS  Rin 

 R   R  R  (voltage divider for

Vo   L    Vin     in  L  VS
resistors in series)
 Ro  RL   RS  Rin  Ro  RL 
Vo  Rin  RL 
   
VS R
 S  R R
in  o  RL 

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Problem solving strategy: HW 2.69
Io
1 k

4 k

IS 10 k 2 k

12 V

+ V 2 - I1

I2 Io
+ 1 k +
I3
4 k

IS V 3
10 k V 1
2 k

12 V
_ _

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Summary for Chapter 2
• Resistor, Resistance, Resistivity
• Ohms’law V = I*R: only linear resistors satisfy Ohm’s law.
• Power P = V*I= V2/R = I2R
• Kirchoff’s current law (KCL): The algebraic sum of the currents
leaving (entering) a node is zero.
• Kirchoff’s voltage law: The algebraic sum of the voltages around
any loop path is zero.
• Single loop circuit: resistors in series and voltage divider
• Single node circuit: resistors in parallel and current divider
• Circuits containing a single source and a series-parallel
interconnection of resistors
• Wye-delta or Delta-to-Wye transformations
• Circuits containing dependent sources

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Exam 1: Feb 6
• Exam 1 covers Chapter 1 and Chapter 2.
• Chapter 1: Basic concepts
– Charge (q), current (i), and their relationship
– Voltage (v), work/energy (w), power (p), and their relationships.
– Passive sign convention
• The positive reference of voltage v(t) is at the same terminal the the current
variable i(t) is entering.
• How to determine absorbing or supplying energy?
– Active elements and passive elements
– Active elements
• Independent sources
• Dependent sources.
• Chapter 2: See slide 7

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 Homework for Lecture 8
• Problems 2.79,2.80, 2.81, 2.83, 2.87

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