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- 3G Basic Technology
1G 2G – 2.5 G 3G
U101 11
Soc Classification level
11 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
IMT 2000 Roadmap
HSDPA HSUPA
3GPP 3GPP2
3rd Generation Partnership Project
Soc Classification level
12 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Where is
Philippines?
Uplink Downlink
1960-1980 2150-2170
Where IS GLOBE
3G ?
Macro Cell
Few meters
to 100
Pico Cell
Few meters
to 100
Micro cell
200 -500 meter
range
1920M 1930M
5Mhz
Transmission
Medium
Frequency reuse
1
factor is 1;
CDMA 1
1
1
network design
1 1
1
1
1
1 and expanding
1
1
1 become much
5 MHz 1
Typical Frequency Reuse N=1 easier
Narrowband
Signal
Slow Slow
Information Information
Sent Recovered
TX RX
Wideband Signal
Slow Slow
Information Information
Sent
. Recovered
TX RX
Fast Fast
Spreading Spreading
Sequence Sequence
C=B*log2(1+S/N)
Where,
C is capacity of channel, b/s
B is signal bandwidth, Hz
S is average power for signal
N is average power for noise
Claude Shannon is the Father of Information Theory. It was entirely
new that information of any kind-- whether for use on a telegraph,
telephone, radio, or television-- could be decomposed into zeros and
ones, encoded, transmitted, and decoded at the other end which is
called the Mathematical Theory of Communication. He went on to
present the concept of the maximum rate of transmission on a
channel-- the capacity or "Shannon limit"-- which provides the
benchmark against which all codes and modulations are measured.
Soc Classification level
38 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
SPREAD SPECTRUM SYSTEM ILLUSTRATION
MAT
HAM H
ME R
Power is “Spread” Over a Larger Bandwidth
MATH
HAMMER
12.2 KHz
5 MHz
It is SS principle wherein
the carrier frequency
stays the same, but
instead the signal to be
transmitted is multiplied
with a high bandwidth
signal.
Rx Bit Stream
U101 42
Soc Classification level
42 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
What is CHIP?
It is a pulse of a direct-sequence spread
spectrum (DSSS) Code
-1
B G-MSC
VLR D PSTN
F C
cell cell cell
ME Iur
Node B
only Gs Gf G
c
Gr
GGSN
cell cell cell
Node B
ME RNC: Radio Gi
Network SGSN Gn
Controller
USIM
Gp
Iub RNS IuPS
Uu Iu
Soc Classification level
44 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
WCDMA - GSM Architecture
Interface
A-bis
Interface
Iub
CN
Iu Iu
RNS RNS
Iur
RNC RNC
UTRAN Uu
UTRAN
UE
UE (User Equipment):
As the wireless terminal that performs wireless communication
via the Uu interface, it contains an intelligent card, which records the
user ID, performs the authentication algorithm, and stores
information such as authentication information and keys.
Node B:
Transmits data streams between the Iub and the Uu interfaces,
participating in radio resource management.
RNC (Radio Network Controller):
Owns and controls the radio resources under its administration.
The RNC is the service access point provided by the UTRAN for the
CN.
Uu interface:
Serves as the air interface of the WCDMA system to connect
a UE to a Node B.
Iu interface:
Connects the UTRAN and the CN. It is similar to the A
interface (circuit switching) and the Gb interface (packet switching)
in GSM.
Iur interface:
Allows soft handover between the RNC equipment of different
manufacturers as an open interface.
Iub interface:
Connects the Node B and the RNC.
Coverage and
capacity are
relative
back
Soc Classification level
50 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Coverage/capacity vs Data Rate
>384 kbps
Coverage decrease
>144 kbps
>64 kbps
Subscriber
num >12.2 kbps
increase
Transmit
Strength
Received Signal
0 Time
Single
receiving
Single
receiving combining signal
receiver
Single
receiving
searcher calculate
s(t) s(t)
t t
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s